The Weaker Vessel: Woman's Lot in Seventeenth-Century England (98 page)

35
Pinto,
Sedley
, Appendix III, p.360.

36
Turner,
James II
, p.300.

37
Pinto,
Sedley
, Appendix III, pp.346–7.

38
Finch MSS, III, p.347; cit. Pinto,
Sedley
, p.174.

39
See Pinto,
Sedley
, pp.204–5 and note 2.

40
Finch MSS, III, p.34.

41
Finch MSS, III, pp.348, 351.

42
Hatton Correspondence
, II, p.128 and note A; p.129.

43
Case of the Countess of Dorchester relating to the Torrington Bill
.

44
Dorset,
Works
, XI, p.198; Pinto,
Sedley
, pp.218–19; DNB (Catherine Sedley).

45
See Myddelton,
Chirk Castle Accounts
.

46
Pepys Diary
, VI, p.64 and note 2;
Evelyn Diary
, II, p.183.

47
Ladies Dictionary
, pp.219, 63;
Pepys Diary
, VIII, p.46.

48
Aeneid
, Book I, l.402 (trans. J. Middleton Murry); Hamilton,
Gramont Memoirs
, p.204.

49
Cholmley Memoirs
, p.12; Gardiner,
Oxinden Letters
, p.164.

50
Hamilton,
Gramont Memoirs
, pp.109, 131; Newcastle,
CCXI Letters
, p.215;
Ladies Dictionary
, p.212.

51
Pepys Diary
, VIII, pp.286, 251; Myddelton,
Chirk Castle Accounts
; cit. Jameson,
Beauties of Charles II’s Court
, p.163.

52
Lecky,
History of European Morals
, II, pp.220–30; Mary Pix,
The Innocent Mistress
, cit. Morgan,
Female Wits
, p.266; Clark,
Working Life
, Introduction, p.xxxi.

53
Macfarlane,
Marital and Sexual Relationships
, p.104; Quaife,
Wanton Wenches
, p.150; cit. Stone,
Family, Sex and Marriage
, pp.561–3;
Wandering Whore
, No. 1, p.12.

54
Macfarlane,
Marital and Sexual Relationships
, p.105; May,
Social Control of Sex Expression
, p.110; Wilson,
Court Wits
, p.79.

55
Pierpont Morgan Library MSS, R. of E., box IX, Part 2, fo. 55, 57, 62, 64.

56
Wandering Whore
, No. 1, p.10; No.2. pp.4–6;
Otway Works
, I, p.lxx; Wilson,
King’s Ladies
, p.167.

57
See Hamilton,
Gramont Memoirs
, pp.131–220.

58
Gouge,
Domesticall Duties
, cit. Laslett,
World we have lost
(1968), p.131 and note p.267; see May,
Social Control of Sex Expression
, p.132.

59
Verney Memoirs
, III, p.51;
Humble Remonstrance of the Batchelors
, p.481.

60
Middlesex County Records
, III, p.13.

61
Wandering Whore
, Prefatory Note, and No.2, p.9; Wilson,
King’s Ladies
, p.18.

62
Stone,
Family, Sex and Marriage
, pp.616, 619;
Pepys Diary
, VIII, p.466, note I; Quaife,
Wanton Wenches
, p.150.

63
Hair,
Before the Bawdy Court
, p.136.

64
Pepys Diary
, VII, pp.62, 142; IX, p.521.

65
Pepys Diary
, IX, p.132; Thomas Otway,
Venice Preserv’d
, Prologue;
Whore’s Rhetorick
, p.117.

66
Wandering Whore
, Prefatory Note; DNB (Cresswell).

67
Whore’s Rhetorick
, pp.29, 24.

68
Whore’s Rhetorick
, pp.58, 117.

69
Whore’s Rhetorick
, pp.108, 148, 96, 62.

70
Wandering Whore
, No.3, p.11.

71
Dorset,
Works
, XI, p.205; cit. Greene,
Rochester
, p.121.

Chapter 21: Actress as Honey-Pot

1
Evelyn,
Mrs Godolphin
, p.97 (still Blagge in fact);
Evelyn Diary
, I, p.332.

2
Having to appear in public still unmarried, see Hiscock,
Evelyn and Mrs Godolphin
, p.113.

3
Nicoll,
English Drama
, I, pp.70–71; Roberts,
Social History
; Gregg,
Charles I
, p.275;
Pepys Diary
, II, p.5, note 2.

4
Marvell,
Poems
, I, pp.125, 331.

5
cit. Findlater,
Player Queens
, p.12; Nicoll,
English Drama
, I, p.70.

6
See Wilson,
King’s Ladies
, pp.5–8 (although he does not totally dismiss the claim of Katherine Corey).

7
Gildon,
Betterton
, p.7; Hamilton,
William’s Mary
, p.25;
Pepys Diary
, X, p.86.

8
See Wilson,
King’s Ladies
, pp.17–19.

9
William Wycherley,
Country Wife
, Act II, scene I; Wilson,
King’s Ladies
, p.14.

10
cit. Wilson,
Court Wits
, p.80.

11
cit. Wilson,
King’s Ladies
, p.16.

12
Wilson,
King’s Ladies
, pp.9–10; Hamilton,
Gramont Memoirs
, p.314.

13
Woolley,
Queen-like Closet
, p.134;
Pepys Diary
, IV, p.162; V, p.267; IX, p.268 and note 5; Wilson,
King’s Ladies
, p.146.

14
Pepys Diary
, VIII, p.503, note 1; Wilson,
King’s Ladies
, pp.110–11, summarizes the various stories.

15
By J.H. Wilson in
King’s Ladies
, p.73.

16
See Wilson,
King’s Ladies
, pp.68–70 for details of the actresses’ costumes.

17
Wilson,
Nell Gwynn
, p.288.

18
Pepys Diary
, VII, p.463.

19
Pepys Diary
, V, p.240 and note 3; Wilson,
King’s Ladies
, p.34.

20
See Wilson,
King’s Ladies
, Appendix I, pp.109–92, for a list of actresses, 1660–89, including biographical details.

21
Wilson,
King’s Ladies
, p.127.

22
Wilson,
King’s Ladies
, p.130; ‘Commentary’, C.H. Hartmann in Hamilton,
Gramont Memoirs
, p.338.

23
Brown Works
, II, p.303.

24
Hamilton,
Gramont Memoirs
, pp.233–4.

25
‘Commentary’, C.H. Hartmann in Hamilton,
Gramont Memoirs
, pp.361, 233; Wilson,
King’s Ladies
, pp.12–13.

26
Wilson,
King’s Ladies
, p.14.

27
Hamilton,
Gramont Memoirs
, p.234.

28
For the correct dating of her career, see J.H. Wilson’s article, ‘Pepys and Peg Hughes’.

29
cit. Morrah,
Prince Rupert
, pp.400, 415.

30
cit. Morrah,
Prince Rupert
, p.415.

31
cit. Morrah,
Prince Rupert
, pp.416–17, 426.

32
Brown Works
, II. p.241.

33
See J.H. Wilson’s article, ‘Marshall Sisters and Anne Quin’, where their careers are disentangled.

34
Pepys Diary
, V, p.34 and note 1.

35
John Dryden,
The Indian Emperor
, Act I, scene II.

36
John Dryden,
The Indian Emperor
, Act V, scene I.

37
CSP Domestic, 1665–6, p.157.

38
Pepys Diary
, VIII, pp.91, 235.

39
cit. Wilson, ‘Marshall Sisters and Anne Quin’, p.106.

40
Pepys Diary
, IX, p.250.

41
Pepys Diary
, IX, p.19 and note; see Wilson,
King’s Ladies
, Appendix A, pp.142–4.

42
CSP Domestic, 1664–5, pp.139–40.

43
Aston, ‘Brief Supplement’, in Cibber,
Apology
, II, p.302.

44
Gildon,
Comparison between Two Stages
, p.18.

45
van Lennep,
London Stage
, I, p.210; DNB (Elizabeth Barry); Cibber,
Apology
, I, p.159; Aston, ‘Brief Supplement’, in Cibber,
Apology
, II, p.303.

46
Aston, ‘Brief Supplement’, in Cibber,
Apology
, II, p.303.

47
Curll,
Betterton’s History
, pp.14–16.

48
See van Lennep,
London Stage
, I, p.245; Treglown,
Rochester’s Letters
, p.29 for the point that it is unlikely Rochester saw
Alcibiades
as he was in the country.

49
Thomas Otway,
Caius Marius
, Act I, scene II.

50
Thomas Southerne,
The Fatal Marriage
, Dedication, 1694.

51
Thomas Otway,
Venice Preserv’d
, Act I, scene I.

52
Gildon,
Comparison Between Two Stages
, p.18; Wilson,
King’s Ladies
, pp.115–16, 61–2.

53
Brown Works
, III, p.39; cit.
Otway Works
, I, p.lxiv

54
Rochester Familiar Letters
, pp.90, 88.

55
Rochester Familiar Letters
, p.82.

56
Rochester,
Works
, pp.11, 269, 277, 280. There is no direct evidence linking Rochester’s poem ‘The Mistress’ with Mrs Barry, despite its title; none of Rochester’s poems are dated by him and their dating from other evidence presents difficulties (Treglown,
Rochester’s Letters
, p.25). Graham Greene in
Rochester
, p.132, suggests the connection with Mrs Barry.

57
cit. Pinto,
Rochester
, p.189.

58
Rochester,
Works
, p.274.

59
Rochester,
Works
, p.280.

60
DNB (Mrs Barry).

61
Cibber,
Apology
, I, p.160.

Chapter 22: The Modest Midwife

1
Rueff,
Expert Midwife
, Introduction.

2
Midwives Just Petition: Midwives Just Complaint, 1646
, cit. Aveling,
English Midwives
, p.30.

3
Eccles,
Obstetrics in Stuart England
, p.121.

4
See ‘Anonymous Business Diary of a Midwife’, Rawlinson MSS, D. 1141.

5
Pepys Diary
, II, p.110;
Calverley Memorandum Book
, pp.62, 67.

6
Aveling,
English Midwives
, pp.31–4.

7
Hamilton,
Henrietta Maria
, p.95; Fraser,
King Charles II
, p.13.

8
Clark,
Working Life
, p.274.

9
See G.C.R. Morris, ‘Which Molins treated Cromwell for stone?’, p.431, and letter to the author concerning girls baptized Aurelia, 1618–39, in the registers of St Andrew, Holborn.

10
Eccles,
Obstetrics In Stuart England
, p.12.

11
Rueff,
Expert Midwife
, Introduction.

12
cit. Cutter and Viets,
Midwifery
, p.48; Sharp,
Midwives Book
, pp.2–3; Sharp,
Compleat Midwife
, Preface.