THE SHIELD OF ACHILLES (163 page)
Read THE SHIELD OF ACHILLES Online
Authors: Philip Bobbitt
Fouquet, Nicolas (1615 – 1680): French financial administrator,
123
Fourteen Points: U.S. peace plan for World War I,
35
,
281
,
398
,
399 – 404
,
407 – 8
Francis I:
French ruler (1515 – 1547),
103 – 5
,
107
,
150
,
166
,
487
,
865
,
869
Frederick I (1657 – 1713): king of Prussia (1701 – 1713),
135
,
869
Frederick II (Frederick the Great) (1712 – 1786): king of Prussia 1740 – 1786;
commanded Prussian forces in War of the Austrian Succession and Seven Years War,
839
Frederick William I(1688 – 1740): king of Prussia (1713 – 1740),
134
,
529
,
559
French Revolution (1789),
5
,
24
,
41
,
120
,
134
,
146
,
151
,
168
,
173
,
175
,
177
,
201
,
203
,
346
Fronde (1649 – 1652):
series of rebellions against the French monarchy,
122
,
334
,
346
G-7/G-8: Group of Seven, expanded to eight, great powers organized to discuss economic policy in the late twentieth century,
256
,
262
,
267
,
310
,
337
,
470
,
629
,
708
,
724
,
730
GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) (1947):
multilateral treaty regime designed to encourage free trade between member states (now 110),
247
,
255 – 6
Genovese, Catherine “Kitty,”
411 – 15
,
427
,
445
,
451
,
454 – 5
,
466
,
481
,
858
Gentili, Alberico (1552 – 1608): Oxford professor of civil law;
important early interpreter of international law,
496 – 500
,
865
,
893
,
897
George, David Lloyd (1863 – 1945): minister (1916 – 1922),
26
,
31
,
400
,
402
Germany,
8 – 9
,
15
,
24 – 8
,
31 – 7
,
39
,
41
,
43 – 50
,
53 – 5
,
61
,
77
,
86
,
105 – 6
,
109 – 11
,
113
,
115 – 17
,
119 – 20
,
136
,
146
,
150
,
153
,
164
,
178
,
183 – 8
,
190
,
197 – 7
,
250
,
256
,
260 – 1
,
269
,
271
,
273
,
280
,
282
,
287 – 8
,
292
,
294
,
299
,
306
,
311
,
319
,
339
,
357
,
361
,
380 – 91
,
397 – 8
,
400 – 4
,
406 – 7
,
409
,
497
,
504 – 5
,
507
,
521
,
532
,
546 – 7
,
557
,
563
,
567 – 9
,
571
,
573 – 6
,
577 – 84
,
592
,
594
,
599
,
602 – 4
,
608 – 10
,
612 – 13
,
620
,
623 – 4
,
629 – 34
,
636 – 7
,
639 – 40
,
653
,
676 – 8
,
682 – 3
,
685 – 8
,
692
,
702
,
704
,
707
,
730 – 1
,
741
,
745
,
747 – 50
,
752
,
759
,
760
,
764
,
766
,
781
,
783
,
788 – 9
,
830 – 1
,
834
,
839
,
844 – 5
,
850
,
857
,
866
,
874
,
876
,
878
,
886
,
892 – 3
,
897 – 8
,
900
globalization,
220
,
224
,
341
,
469
,
676
,
695
,
713
,
720
,
724
,
727
,
735
,
740
,
762
,
772 – 3
,
777
,
782
,
792
Gneisenau, August Wilhelm Anton, Graf Neithardt von (1760 – 1831):
following Prussia's defeat by Napoleon in 1809, he and Scharnhorst reformed the Prussian army,
185
,
869
Golubic, Stjepkp;
Golubic, Thomas,
439
Gomulka, Wladyslaw (1905 – 1982):
Polish Communist politician; first secretary of the Polish Communist Party (1956 – 1970),
53
great powers,
7 – 9
,
22
,
25 – 6
,
30 – 1
,
35
,
37
,
42
,
45
,
57
,
60 – 1
,
72
,
81
,
136
,
140 – 1
,
145 – 6
,
148
,
159
,
161
,
163 – 4
,
166
,
168–70
,
172
,
176
,
179
,
182
,
184
,
191
,
194
,
200
,
244
,
252
,
258
,
264
,
271
,
274
,
280
,
284
,
292
,
307
,
319
,
338
,
345
,
361
,
379
,
381 – 3
,
385
,
405
,
408
,
410
,
416
,
425
,
433
,
437
,
455
,
466
,
468
,
471
,
475
,
476
,
540
,
551
,
555
,
565
,
568
,
569
,
735
,
748
,
773
,
827
green movements: political groups dedicated to protecting the environment,
470
Grey, Edward (Viscount Grey of Fallodon) (1862 – 1933): British diplomat; foreign secretary (1906 – 1916, negotiated Triple Entente (1907);
led British entry into World War I,
380 – 6
,
389
,
391
,
854
,
855
,
900
Gribeauval, Jean-Baptiste Vaquette de (1715 – 1789):
French artillery strategist,
152
Grotius, Hugo (also Huig de Groot) (1583 – 1645): Dutch jurist and politician;
influential figure in early modern international law;
wrote
On the Law of War and Peace
;
Swedish ambassador to France (1634 – 1645),
508 – 18
,
528 – 31
,
532 – 5
,
537
,
864 – 5
,
867
,
877
,
890
,
893
,
895
Guangdong (also Kwantung): southernmost mainland province of China,
470
,
727
Gulf War (1990 – 1991):
international conflict triggered by Iraq's invasion of Kuwait,
8
,
14
,
16
,
248 – 9
,
255
,
262
,
271
,
287
,
294
,
296 – 7
,
299
,
301 – 2
,
305 – 7
,
318 – 19
,
324
,
327
,
329 – 30
,
437
,
459
,
475
,
477
,
631
,
688
,
689
,
693
,
716
,
723
,
793
,
805
,
846
Gutman, Roy,
434
Hamilton, Alexander (1755 – 1804):
first U.S. secretary of the treasury;
establlished Bank of U.S.;
co-wrote, with James Madison and John Jay, the Federalist Papers,
151
,
229
,
267
,
847
Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich (1770 – 1831): German philosopher;
wrote
The Phenomenology of Spirit
(1807),
6
,
215
,
279
,
544
,
829
,
872
,
894
Heijden, Kees van der,
314
Helsinki Accords of 1975: recognized Soviet sphere of influence extending toEastern Europe and the human rights of the signatories' citizens,
60
,
164
,
408
Henry IV (Henry III of Navarre) (1553 – 1610):
king of France (1589 – 1610);
proclaimed Edict of Nantes (1598);
assassinated,
108
,
110
,
111
,
509
Hitler, Adolf (1889 – 1945): Nazi dictator;
wrote
Mein Kampf
; German chancellor (1933 – 1945),
33 – 7
,
39
,
43
,
217
,
280
,
334
,
361
,
397
,
409
,
443
,
449
,
471
,
576
,
582 – 4
,
593
,
608
,
832 – 3
,
836
,
842
,
852
,
890
,
893
,
895
Hobbes, Thomas (1588 – 1679):
English political philosopher;
wrote Human Nature (1650) and Leviathan (1651),
103
,
246
,
259
,
279
,
518 – 9
,
528 – 9
,
534
565
,
596
,
598
,
837
Hogg, James (1851 – 1906):
progressive Texas governor (1891 – 1895),
369 – 70
Holy Alliance (1815):
pact between Austria, Prussia, and Russia, which sought to organize the powers of Europe for intervention against internal revolution,
165 – 6
,
169
,
877
Holy Roman Empire: the collection of mainly German cities, principalities, and estates that was the remnant of the Roman Empire after Otto the Great combined the kingship of the Germans with the emperorship of Rome,
25
,
95
,
109
,
111
,
150
,
484
,
488
,
557
,
559
House, Edward M. (Colonel House) (1858 – 1938): U.S. diplomat and politician;
advisor to Woodrow Wilson,
314 – 15
,
359 – 60
,
367 – 75
,
378 – 400
,
403 – 4
,
406 – 10
,
475 – 7
,
481
,
573
,
578
,
628
,
631
,
659
,
660 – 3
,
782
,
854 – 8
,
871
,
900
