The Secret Rescue (42 page)

2. left for… Krushovë
Hayes, interview; Mangerich,
Albanian Escape,
100–102. Abbott,
Out of Albania,
99–100.

3. “Some individuals grated”
Mangerich,
Albanian Escape,
106.

4. Palmer
TNA, HS 9/1139/3; Roderick Bailey,
The Wildest Province
(London: Jonathan Cape, 2008), 95.

5. told the… nurses
Mangerich,
Albanian Escape,
103.

6. War Department
“13 Missing Nurses Are Reported Safe,”
Joplin Globe,
December 3, 1943.

7. Smith was being sent
“Recommendation for Award,” memo, May 18, 1944, RG 226, entry 224, box 723, Lloyd Smith personnel file, NACP.

8. In 1943, OSS
Douglas Waller,
Wild Bill Donovan: The Spymaster Who Created the OSS and Modern American Espionage
(New York: Free Press, 2011); John Whiteclay Chambers II,
OSS Training in the National Parks and Service Abroad in World War II
(Washington, DC: U.S. National Park Service, 2008); John Whiteclay Chambers II, “Office of Strategic Services Training During World War II,”
Studies in Intelligence: Journal of the American Intelligence Professional
54, no. 2, June 2010.

9. [OSS and SOE relations]
Untitled document, RG 222, entry 144, box 100, folder 1046; Neville Wylie, ed.,
The Politics and Strategy of Clandestine War: Special Operations Executive 1940–1946
(New York: Routledge, 2006), 95; David Stafford and Rhodri Jeffreys-Jones, eds.,
American-British-Canadian Intelligence Relations 1939–2000
(London: Frank Cass, 2000), 22–23; Waller,
Wild Bill Donovan,
129–139; Bailey,
The Wildest Province,
198.

10. “They are not under our jurisdiction”
Bailey,
The Wildest Province,
199.

11. Smith
Lloyd Smith, undated autobiography, Mangerich family papers.

12. “Unless I did something”
Ibid.

13. Hayden
Ibid.; RG 226, entry 224, boxes 308 and 320, Sterling Hayden personnel file, NACP.

14. “The Most Beautiful Man in the Movies”
Turner Classic Movies, http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/person/83248|142549/Sterling-Hayden.

15. “We have a priority job.”
Ibid.

16. three-hour briefing
“Recommendation for Award.”

17. German mines
Lloyd Smith, undated autobiography.

18. Dubbed “the second Pearl Harbor”
Eric Niderost, “Deadly Luftwaffe Strike in the Adriatic,”
World War II Magazine
, February 2001, 46; Glen Infield,
Disaster at Bari
(New York: Bantam Books, 1988), 140.

19. “I would regard it as a personal affront”
Niderost, “Deadly Luftwaffe Strike in the Adriatic,” 44.

20. [description of attack on Bari]
Ibid., 42–48; Infield,
Disaster at Bari
; Gerald Reminick,
Nightmare in Bari: The World War II Liberty Ship Poison Gas Disaster and Cover-up
(Palo Alto: Glencannon Press, 2001).

21. “Axis Sally”
Infield,
Disaster at Bari,
207–208; “Mildred Gillars,”
Britannica Online Encyclopedia.

22. [807th in Bari during attack]
Grace H. Stakeman, “807th (US) Medical Air Evacuation Squadron Unit History,” Roll A0323, AFHRA.

23. telegrams
Telegram to Peter Cruise, December 4, 1943, James P. Cruise personnel file, NPRC; telegram to Jaley Eldridge, December 4, 1943, William Eldridge personnel file, NPRC.

24. Jens’s parents
Mangerich,
Albanian Escape,
212.

25. Watson’s parents
Nolan McKenzie to Harry and Leila Watson, letter, December 5, 1943, McKenzie family papers; Nolan McKenzie to Office of the Adjutant General, letter, January 2, 1944.

26. would not hear anything more
Jim Cruise’s brother to Office of the Adjutant General, letter, James P. Cruise personnel file, NPRC; Nolan McKenzie to Office of the Adjutant General, letter, January 2, 1944.

27. medics in Hayes’s group
Hayes, interview.

28. shoes for the nurses
Gavan Duffy, “Report on Evacuation of American Party from Albania,” TNA, HS 5/124. Mangerich,
Albanian Escape,
177, and Abbott,
Out of Albania,
103, indicated that many pairs of shoes were given away. Hayes did not remember anyone getting shoes, and Duffy indicated that “Palmer gave the party socks, woolen garments and to two of the nurses a pair of boots, size 7.”

29. “heavy as lead”
Lois Watson McKenzie, lecture, Nurses in War symposium, Washburn University School of Nursing, February 7, 1991, McKenzie family papers.

30. British gave Thrasher gold
Hayes, interview; Jon Mangerich, e-mail interview, February 24, 2012.

31. more than twenty tons of materials
Bailey,
The Wildest Province,
75.

32. since World War I
“Gold Sovereigns: George V, the Great War, and the End of Gold Coinage in Circulation,” London Mint Office, http://www.londonmintoffice.org/gold-sovereigns-george-v-the-great-war-and-the-end-of-gold-coinage-in-circulation.

33. over thirty thousand sovereigns
David Smiley,
Albanian Assignment
(London: Sphere Books, 1984), 49–50.

34. “Some of the bags”
Ibid.

35. Smiley… first supply drop
Smiley,
Albanian Assignment
, 48–49.

36. Delivering… supplies
Ibid.; Bailey,
The Wildest Province,
68.

37. while the Americans were in Krushovë
Jon Naar, interview at his home in New Jersey on March 7, 2012

38. gauze… menstruating
Hayes, interview; Mangerich,
Albanian Escape,
174.

39. Palmer asked the whole party
Hayes, interview.

40. Duffy
TNA, HS 9/454/8.

41. Bell
TNA, HS 9/118/7.

42. no mention
Hayes, interview.

43. team of four men
Smiley,
Albanian Assignment,
17–20; Bailey,
The Wildest Province,
58–60.

44. Hasluck
Smiley,
Albanian Assignment,
9–11; Bailey,
The Wildest Province,
36–44; Anthony Quayle,
A Time to Speak
(London: Sphere Books, 1990), 367–368.

45. “She was an enthusiast”
Quayle,
A Time to Speak,
367.

46. “loosen his revolver”
Ibid., 409.

47. Jasper Maskelyne
Smiley,
Albanian Assignment,
15.

48. “produce about twenty things”
Bailey,
The Wildest Province,
52.

49. desolate camp in Derna
Smiley,
Albanian Assignment,
15.

50. plane caught on fire
Bailey,
The Wildest Province,
105; E. W. (“Trotsky”) Davies,
Illyrian Venture
(London: Bodley Head, 1952), 70.

51. day before their departure
Smiley,
Albanian Assignment,
15.

52. “trussed chickens”
Ibid., 17.

53. “We sat round the hole”
Bailey,
The Wildest Province,
58.

54. “We dropped”
Smiley,
Albanian Assignment,
18.

55. tore a leg muscle
Ibid.

56. tried to parachute into Macedonia
Bailey,
The Wildest Province,
61.

Chapter 10

1. Palmer explained
Hayes, interview.

2. American captain
Lloyd Smith, “Report on Mission of Evacuation, American Rescue Party,” RG 226, entry 144, box 97, folder 1023, NACP; Agnes Jensen Mangerich,
Albanian Escape
(Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1999), 129; Lawrence O. Abbott,
Out of Albania,
ed. Clinton W. Abbott (Lulu Press, 2010), 105.

3. all business
Hayes, interview.

4. dubbed “Blondie”
Ibid.; Mangerich,
Albanian Escape,
110.

5. leave Albania with the party
Hayes, interview.

6. “a kind of guinea pig”
Gavan Duffy, “Report on Evacuation of American Party from Albania,” TNA, HS 5/124.

7. “Under these conditions
” David Smiley,
Albanian Assignment
(London: Sphere Books, 1984), 61.