The Northern Crusades (54 page)

Prussians: Old Prussians
36
,
37
,
47
;

under the Order
208–12
,
225

Pskov
35
,
102
,
133–5
,
136
n.,
160
,
161
,
193
,
252–7

Ratibor, Prince of Pomerania
56

Ratzeburg
29
Reval (Tallinn)
43
,
111–13
,
225–6
,
251
,
255
; King Magnus at
195

Rhinelanders in the Order
84
,
85
,
245
; on Crusade
155

Riga mission
97–9
; city
40
,
99
,
100
,
110
,
146–9
,
160
,
161
,
207
,
215
,
249
,
252
; castle
100
,
163
,
219
; archbishops of
128
,
148
,
149
,
166–7
,
207
,
231
,
249
,
252

Rimini, Bull of
83

Rudau
164
,
222

Rügen, Rugians
13
,
30
,
31
,
34
,
46
,
55
,
65–72
,
108

Ruhr
249

Rule of the Teutonic Order
86–8
,
203

Russdorf, Paul von, GM
242
,
249

Russians
19
,
35–6
;
see also
Novgorod
,
Pskov
,
Polotsk
,
Moscow

Salcininkai
160

Sallynwerder, Treaty of
166

Samland
38
,
107
,
108
,
146
,
160
,
161–2
,
209
,
247

Samogitia, Samogitians
37
,
97
,
103
,
143
,
166–7
,
176
,
228
,
236–7

Saule
102

Saxo Grammaticus
17–18
,
25
,
30
,
31
,
48
,
61
,
63–5
,
111

Schleswig
19
,
32
,
44
,
46
,
47
,
158
; Bp Nicholas of
110

schools
217
,
224

Schoten
103

Scbwartzenbaupter
222

Segeburg
52

ships, river-boats
14–17
,
38
,
49
,
90–91
,
100
,
101
,
105
,
106
,
112
,
113
,
114
,
169
,
251

Sigismund, K and E
166
,
228
,
230–32
,
245

Sixtus IV, P
254

Skanör
13

Skirgaila
165

slavery: in Scandinavia
22
; among Slavs
28
,
46
,
64
; Balts
38
,
39
;

Estonians
42–3
,
212
; Finns
200
;

Lithuanians
153
; Papacy and
130

Slavonic languages
27

Smolensk
11

Smolina, Lake
256

sodomy
235
,
255

Soest
98
,
99
,
254

Sommerreysen
171–2

Song of Roland
62

Staphylus, F.
258

Stensby, Treaty of
112

Stettin
31
,
34
,
55
,
56
,
57–8
,
156

Strawen
162
,
171
,
222

Sture, Sten
198
,
255

Strutere
(Latrunculi)
174

Suomi
41
,
115–16

Svantovit
30
,
33

Sverrir, K of Norway
48
,
114

Svitrigal, Prince of Lithuania
242

Swantopelk, D of Pomerelia
104
,
106

Sweden, Swedes: in 1100
19
,
20–26
; about 1200
115–17
,
119–20
; on Crusade
121
; in Estonia
111
; in Finland
113–22
; in 14th century
183–8
,
189
; in 15th
197–8

Sweyn III, K of Denmark
23
,
47
,
54

Sword-Brothers, Order of the
79–82
,
99–103
,
128

Tannenberg (Grünwald)
228–9

Tavast, Magnus, Bp of Åbo
216

Tavastehus (Hämeenlinna)
119
,
220–201

Tavastians
41
,
116–19

Templars
75–7
,
78
,
150–51
,
158
,
159

Teutonic Order: origins
73
,
77–9
;

recruitment
84–6
,
203–4
,
244
,
249
; organization
203–7
; way of life
86–9
,
205–6
,
243–5
; literature
222–5
; rule
86–8
,
203
; Vladimiri and
233–41
; sisters of
89
; Swedes in
121

Thomas, Bp of Finland
117

tithe
53
,
70
,
116
,
125
,
126
,
181
,
182
,
185
,
195
,
196
,
199
,
202
,
209
,
212
,
213
,
214

Torun (Thorn)
90
,
105
,
106
,
224
; first treaty of
228
; second treaty of
243

Trade: before crusades
43–6
; by Teutonic Knights
88
,
149
,
205
;

Lithuanian
142
; far northern
181–2
,
248–9

Trakai
141
,
164
,
169

Transylvania
82
,
245

travel
14–15
,
18–19
,
167–70

Trier, Carl von, GM
151

Treitschke
4

Treniota (Troinat), Prince of Lithuania
141

Tylo of Samland
223

Tyrgils Knutsson
183–4

üxküll
97
,
100
,
161
; family of
99

Urbach, John
237

Urban II, P
50

Urban IV, P
107

Urban VI, P
197

Usedom, island and town
31
,
68

Vaisvilkas (Voishelg)
142

Valamo
183
,
197

Valdemar I, K of Denmark
17
,
19
,
24
,
49
,
60
,
64–71

Valdemar II, K of Denmark
109–13
,
132–3
,
199

Valdemar IV, K of Denmark
191
,
196
,
200

Varangians
26

Verchen
66

Verona, Bull of
109

Viborg (Viipuru)
120
,
177
,
183–7

Vietinghof, Conrad von, ML
227
,
249
,
250

Vilnius (Wilna)
141
,
142
,
164
,
169

Vistula, river
7
,
105
,
106
,
219
,
228
,
247