The Norm Chronicles (44 page)

15
. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Seasonal Influenza (Flu) – Questions and Answers – Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS). Available from:
http://www.cdc.gov/flu/protect/vaccine/guillainbarre.htm
.

16
. Sencer, D.J., Millar, J.D. Reflections on the 1976 Swine Flu Vaccination Program.
Emerging Infectious Diseases
. 2006 Jan;12(1):23–8.

17
. Andrews, N., Stowe, J., Al-Shahi Salman, R., Miller, E., Guillain–Barré Syndrome and H1N1 (2009) Pandemic Influenza Vaccination Using an AS03 Adjuvanted Vaccine in the United Kingdom: Self-Controlled Case Series.
Vaccine
. 2011 Oct 19;29(45):7878–82.

18
. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Mercury and Thimerosal – Vaccine Safety. 2012. Available from:
http://www.cdc.gov/vaccinesafety/Concerns/thimerosal/
.

19
. World Health Organisation. Measles. 2012. Available from:
http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs286/en/index.html
.

Chapter 7: Coincidence

1
. Understanding Uncertainty. Wasted Stamp. 2012. Available from:
http://understandinguncertainty.org/user-submitted-coincidences/wasted-stamp
.

2
. Lodge, D.
The Art of Fiction
(London: Random House, 2011).

3
. Understanding Uncertainty. Cambridge Coincidences Collection. 2012. Available from:
http://understandinguncertainty.org/coincidences
.

4
. Diaconis, P., Mosteller, F. Methods for Studying Coincidences.
Journal of the American Statistical Association
. 1989;84(408):853–61.

5
. Biological daughter. 2012. Available from:
http://understandinguncertainty.org/user-submitted-coincidences/biological-daughter
.

6
. Born in the same bed. 2012. Available from:
http:/understandinguncertainty.org/user-submitted-coincidences/born-same-bed
.

7
. Junk Shop Find. 2012. Available from:
http://understandinguncertainty.org/user-submitted-coincidences/junk-shop-find-0
.

8
. Army Coat Hanger. 2012. Available from:
http://understandinguncertainty.org/user-submitted-coincidences/army-coat-hanger
.

9
. Koestler, A.
The Case of the Midwife Toad
, illustrated edn (London: Hutchinson, 1971).

10
. See note 4 above.

11
.
Daily Mail
. Couple Gives Birth to Three Children on the Same Day … 14 Years Apart. Mail Online. 2008. Available from:
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-518525/Couple-gives-birth-children-day--14-years-apart.html
.

12
. BBC. Three Children, Same Birthday. 2010; Available from:
http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/wales/8511586.stm
.

13
.
Daily Mail
. Happy Birthday to You: Couple Have 3 Children All Born on Same Date. Mail Online. 2010. Available from:
http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1320113/Happy-birthday-Couple-3-children-born-date.html
.

14
. Public phone box. 2012. Available from:
http://understandinguncertainty.org/user-submitted-coincidences/public-phone-box
.

15
. See note 4 above.

Chapter 8: Sex

1
. The National Archives. Public Information Films, 1979 to 2006, Film index, AIDs Monolith. 2012. Available from:
http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/films/1979to2006/filmpage_303aids.htm
; National Archives. Public Information Films, 1964 to 1979, Film index, Peach And Hammer. 2012. Available from:
http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/films/1964to1979/filmpage_hammer.htm
; National Archives. Public Information Films, 1979 to 2006, Film index, Crime Prevention – Hyenas. 2102. Available from:
http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/films/1979to2006/filmpage_crime.htm
.

2
. Colombo, B., Masarotto, G. Daily Fecundability.
Demographic Research
(6 Sep 2000);3. Available from:
http://www.demographic-research.org/Volumes/Vol3/5/default.htm
.

3
. Leridon, H. Can Assisted Reproduction Technology Compensate for the Natural Decline in Fertility with Age? A Model Assessment.
Human Reproduction
. 2004 Jul 1;19(7):1548–53.

4
. NHS Clinical Knowledge Summaries. Effectiveness of Contraceptives. 2012. Available from:
http://www.cks.nhs.uk/clinical_topics/by_alphabet/c
.

5
. Ibid.

6
. Rosling, H. Children Per Woman Updated. 2012. Available from:
http://www.gapminder.org/data-blog/children-per-woman-updated/
.

7
. Department for Education. Under-18 and under-16 Conception Statistics. Available from:
http://www.education.gov.uk/childrenandyoungpeople/healthandwellbeing/teenagepregnancy/a0064898/under-18-and-under-16-conception-statistics
.

8
. UNICEF. A League Table of Teenage Births in Rich Nations. 2001. Available from:
http://www.unicef-irc.org/publications/328
.

9
. Varghese, B., Maher, J.E., Peterman, T.A., Branson, B.M., Steketee, R.W. Reducing the Risk of Sexual HIV Transmission: Quantifying the Per-Act Risk for HIV on the Basis of Choice of Partner, Sex Act, and Condom Use.
Sex Transm Dis
. 2002 Jan;29(1):38–43.

10
. Platt, R., Rice, P.A., McCormack, W.M. Risk of Acquiring Gonorrhea and Prevalence of Abnormal Adnexal Findings among Women Recently Exposed to Gonorrhea.
JAMA
. 1983 Dec 16;250(23):3205–9; Holmes, K.K., Johnson, D.W., Trostle, H.J. An Estimate of the Risk of Men Acquiring Gonorrhea by Sexual Contact with Infected Females.
Am. J. Epidemiol
. 1970 Feb 1;91(2):170–74.

11
. Nawrot, T.S., Perez, L., Künzli, N., Munters, E., Nemery, B. Public Health Importance of Triggers of Myocardial Infarction: A Comparative Risk Assessment.
The Lancet
. 2011 Feb;377(9767):732–40.

12
. Blanchard, R., Hucker, S.J. Age, Transvestism, Bondage, and Concurrent Paraphilic Activities in 117 Fatal Cases of Autoerotic Asphyxia.
BJP
. 1991 Sep 1;159(3):371–7.

13
. HM Treasury e-CT. Optimism Bias. Available from:
http://www.hm-treasury.gov.uk/green_book_guidance_optimism_bias.htm
.

14
. Sharot, T.
The Optimism Bias: A Tour of the Irrationally Positive Brain
(New York: Random House, 2011).

Chapter 9: Drugs

1
. Nutt, D.
Drugs Without the Hot Air: Minimising the Harms of Legal and Illegal Drugs
(Cambridge: Uit Cambridge Ltd, 2012).

2
. Parssinen, T.M.
Secret Passions, Secret Remedies: Narcotic Drugs in British Society, 1820–1930
(Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1983).

3
. Conan Doyle, A.C.
The Sign of Four
(London: Spencer Blackett, 1890).

4
. Thompson, H.S., Torrey, B., Simonson, K.
Conversations with Hunter S. Thompson
(Jackson, MI: University Press of Mississippi, 2008).

5
. Kemp, C.
Painkiller Addict: From Wreckage to Redemption – My True Story
. (London, Hachette, 2012).

6
. Fielding, L. Why I’ve Come to Consider Again the Potential Problems of Cannabis.
The Guardian
. 2012. Available from:
http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2012/aug/28/why-changed-mind-about-cannabis
.

7
. Home Office. Drug Misuse Declared: Findings from the 2010/11 British Crime Survey England and Wales. Home Office. 2011. Available from:
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/drug-misuse-declared-findings-from-the-2010-11-british-crime-survey-england-and-wales--12
.

8
. Office for National Statistics. Deaths Related to Drug Poisoning in England and Wales. 2011. Available from:
http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/subnational-health3/deaths-related-to-drug-poisoning/2010/index.html
.

9
. King, L.A., Corkery, J.M. An Index of Fatal Toxicity for Drugs of Misuse.
Hum. Psychopharmacol.
2010 Mar;25(2):162–6.

10
. Ibid.

11
. Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs. Cannabis: Classification and Public Health. 2008. Available from:
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/acmd-cannabis-classification-and-public-health-2008
.

12
. Nutt, D.J., King, L.A., Phillips, L.D. Drug Harms in the UK: A Multicriteria Decision Analysis.
The Lancet.
2010 Nov;376(9752):1558–65.

13
. Nutt, D.J. Equasy – An Overlooked Addiction with Implications for the Current Debate on Drug Harms.
J. Psychopharmacol.
(Oxford). 2009 Jan;23(1):3–5.

14
. Journal of Psychopharmacology January 2009 23: 3–5. Also available from:
http://www.encod.org/info/equasy-a-harmful-addiction.html
.

Chapter 10: Big Risks

1
.
The Guardian
. Sharp Decline in Public’s Belief in Climate Threat, British Poll Reveals. 2010. Available from:
http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2010/feb/23/british-public-belief-climate-poll
.

2
. Kahan, D.M., Jenkins-Smith, H., Braman, D. Cultural Cognition of Scientific Consensus. SSRN eLibrary. 7 Feb 2010. Available from:
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1549444
.

3
. Kahan, D.M. et al. Affect, Values, and Nanotechnology Risk Perceptions: An Experimental Investigation. Yale Law School, Public Law Working Paper No. 155. Available from:
http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=968652
##.

4
. Ibid.

5
. Douglas, M., Wildavsky, A.
Risk and Culture: An Essay on the Selection of Technological and Environmental Dangers
(Berkeley and Los Angeles, University of California Press, 1983).

6
. Haidt, J.
The Righteous Mind: Why Good People Are Divided by Politics and Religion
(New York: Pantheon Books, 2012).

7
. Cabinet Office. National Risk Register. 2012. Available from:
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/national-risk-register-of-civil-emergencies
.

8
. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Crisis & Emergency Risk Communication. 2012 Available from:
http://www.bt.cdc.gov/cerc/
.

9
. Wikipedia encyclopedia. 2011 Germany E. coli O104:H4 outbreak.. 2012. Available from:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_Germany_E._coli_O104:H4_outbreak
.

10
. Hall, S.S. Scientists on Trial: At Fault?
Nature.
2011 Sep 14;477(7364):264–9.

Chapter 11: Giving Birth

1
. Rappaport, H.
Queen Victoria: A Biographical Companion
(Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2003).

2
. Byatt, A.S.
Still Life
(New York: Scribner’s, 1997).

3
. World Health Organisation. Trends in Maternal Mortality: 1990 to 2010. 2012. Available from:
http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/monitoring/9789241503631/en/index.html
.

4
. Bird, S., Fairweather, C. Recent Military Fatalities in Afghanistan by Cause and Nationality: Period 15, 5 September 2011 to 22 January 2012. Available from:
http://www.mrc-bsu.cam.ac.uk/Publications/PDFs/PERIOD_15_fatalities_in_Afghanistan_by_cause_and_nationality.pdf
.

5
. Wikipedia encyclopedia. Historical Mortality Rates of Puerperal Fever. 2012. Available from:
http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Historical_mortality_rates_of_puerperal_fever&oldid=516214953
.

6
. Office for National Statistics. Mortality Statistics: Deaths Registered in England and Wales (Series DR). 2011. Available from:
http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/vsob1/mortality-statistics--deaths-registered-in-england-and-wales--series-dr-/2010/index.html
.

7
. Centre for Maternal and Child Enquiries. Saving Mothers’ Lives: Reviewing Maternal Deaths to Make Motherhood Safer: 2006–2008.
BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
. 2011;118:1–203.

8
. Patient.co.uk. Maternal Mortality. 2012. Available from:
http://www.patient.co.uk/doctor/Maternal-Mortality.htm
.

9
. See note 3 above.

10
. Royal College of Anaesthetists. Death or Brain Damage. 2009. Available from:
http://www.rcoa.ac.uk/document-store/death-or-brain-damage
.

Chapter 12: Gambling

1
. King James Bible (internet version). Available from:
http://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/
.