The Mushroom at the End of the World: On the Possibility of Life in Capitalist Ruins (49 page)

Garbelotto, Matteo,
233

Geddes, William,
32

genet,
316n9

genetics,
139
–
41
.
See also
population genetics

ghosts,
73
–
74
,
76
,
79

Gibson-Graham, J. K.,
65
–
66

gifts: matsutake as,
6
,
67
,
122
–
28
,
244
,
245
; other foods as,
301n6
; as social exchange,
122

Gilbert, Scott,
142

Goto, Kokki,
260
–
61

Great Awakenings,
298n6

Grey-faced Buzzards (
Butastur indicus
),
181
–
82

Guthrie, Woody,
64

Guyer, Jane,
302n4

Gynomitra esculenta,
174

Hamada, Minoru,
219
–
21

happenings,
23
,
27

Haraway, Donna,
292n6
,
293n10

Harding, Susan,
103

Hardt, Michael,
65
–
66

Hathaway, Michael,
188
,
206
,
228
,
269
,
271
,
282
,
286
–
87

Healthy Forests Restoration Act (2003),
311n3

Heidegger, Martin,
304n5

herbaria,
229

heritage pickers,
105

hikikomori,
263

Himalayas,
233
–
34

hinoki (Japanese cypress,
Chamaecyparis obtusa
),
183
–
84
,
209
–
11
,
260

Hiroshima,
3

history: as component of evolution,
142
–
43
; embodied in survival,
33
–
34
; indeterminacy in,
23
; matsutake and,
171
; meanings of,
168
; mythology in relation to,
306n1
; nonhuman contribution to,
168
; pines and,
168
–
72
; trees and,
168
,
175
–
76
.
See also
narratives/stories

Hmong: background on,
31
–
33
; Christian conversion of,
104
; matsutake foragers,
33
,
57
,
73
–
74
,
76
,
92
; war experiences of,
89
–
91

holobiont,
142

hologenome theory of evolution,
142

Homo economicus,
28

Hosford, David,
221

human disturbance: attitudes toward,
218
–
19
; of the earth’s ecology,
3
; forest restoration utilizing,
151
–
52
; in geological perspective,
19
; matsutake growth after,
6
,
30
,
49
–
50
,
171
–
72
,
218
–
19
,
257
–
64
; matsutake speciation and,
234
–
35
; pines and,
170
–
71
; red pine and,
6
,
185

human nature,
21

hunting,
87
,
89
–
91

hyphae,
137
,
279

identities: formation of,
29
; Hmong,
31
–
33
; Mien,
30
–
33
; names and,
293n4
; role of,
23

immigration policy,
93

importers,
67
,
69
,
123
–
24
,
128

indeterminacy: assemblages and,
23
; in encounters,
29
,
37
,
38
,
46
–
47
; fear engendered by,
1
,
20
; in history,
23
; matsutake and,
50
; mushrooms and,
46
–
47
; smell and,
46
.
See also
precarity

Indonesia,
113
–
14
,
210
,
315n24

industrial forests,
167
–
68
,
171
–
76
,
205
–
13

interchangeability,
39
–
40

internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region,
229
–
31
,
234
,
236

interspecies relations.
See
multispecies

environments inventory, matsutake as,
127
–
28

inventory management,
64

iriai rights,
184
,
262

ITS region.
See
internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region

Iwase, Koji,
228

Japan: climate in,
184
; forest management in,
151
,
161
,
207
–
11
,
259
–
60
; Korea in relation to,
49
; matsutake in,
6
–
8
,
48
–
51
,
123
–
28
,
211
–
12
,
258
–
64
; matsutake science in,
218
–
21
,
223
–
24
; peasant landscapes in,
171
,
180
–
87
; photographs of,
16
,
36
,
44
,
108
,
154
,
204
,
216
,
240
,
256
; salvage accumulation in,
70
; U.S. economic encounters with,
109
–
19

Japanese Americans: assimilation of,
99
–
101
,
103
–
4
; early immigration of,
98
; matsutake foragers,
97
–
98
,
105
; Southeast Asian Americans compared to,
99
–
106
; World War II experiences of,
98
–
99

Japanese cedar.
See
sugi

Japanese cypress.
See
hinoki

Japanese red pine (akamatsu,
Pinus densiflora
),
6
,
49
–
50
,
185
–
86
,
261

jobs,
3
,
19
,
109
–
10
,
280
.
See also
labor

Jonsson, Hjorleifur,
31
,
32

keiretsu (enterprise groups),
113

Khmer: attitudes of, toward the government,
253
; matsutake foragers,
33
,
57
,
74
.
See also
Cambodians

Klamath Tribes,
197
–
99
,
209

knowledge: complex character of,
33
–
34
; encounters and,
34
,
37
; individualistic perspective on,
28
; scale and,
38
; stories in relation to,
37
; vernacular/peasant,
159
,
161
,
219
,
220
,
263

Knudsen, Henning,
228
–
29

Koi Nagata,
7

Korea,
49
,
114
–
15
.
See also
North Korea

kula exchange,
122
,
126

Kuramoto, Noboru,
257

labor: factory,
24
; interchangeable,
39
; matsutake picking compared to,
77
–
78
; noninterchangeable,
40
; on sugarcane plantations,
39
.
See also
jobs

landscapes: active nature of,
152
; as assemblages,
158
; concept of,
304n3
; methodology for studying,
159
–
60
; stories of,
158
–
63

Lao: buyers and entrepreneurs,
91
–
93
; matsutake foragers,
33
,
57
,
74
,
92
–
94

Lapland.
See
Finland

Large Blue butterfly (
Maculinea arion
),
141
–
42

latent commons: entanglement characteristic of,
135
,
255
,
258
; features of,
255
; matsutake lovers as,
279
; privatization dependent on,
267
,
271
; uncultivated vegetation as,
282
; value arising from,
274

Latinos,
94

Latour, Bruno,
305n12
,
315n1

Law, John,
315n1

Lefevre, Charles,
317n19

Le Guin, Ursula K.,
17
,
287
–
88

life lines, of matsutake,
241
–
43
,
247
–
48

livelihood: patches of,
132
–
33
; Southeast Asian American strategies for,
101
–
3
,
106

lodgepole pines (
Pinus contorta
),
30
,
41
–
42
,
194
–
95
,
199
–
202
,
312n22
,
313n26

logging and timber industry: decline of,
41
–
42
; diversification of,
314n18
; in Finland,
173
; forestry policies and practices and,
29
–
30
,
41
–
42
; in Oregon,
17
–
18
,
193
,
195
–
96
,
198
–
200
,
205
–
13
,
314n18
; scalability applied in,
41

logic,
28

Malinowski, Bronislaw,
122

Man-nyo Shu,
1

Marx, Karl,
61
,
296n3

masting,
174
–
75

matsutake: alienation of,
271
–
72
; in China,
162
,
187
,
187
–
90
,
231
,
233
–
34
,
236
,
268
–
74
,
286
–
87
,
315n24
,
321n6
,
321n10
; and collaborative survival,
2
,
4
; as commodity,
37
,
121
,
123
–
28
,
271
; commodity chain based on,
66
–
69
,
110
,
118
,
123
–
28
; as delicacy,
4
; description of,
3
–
4
; duration of fruiting,
201
; elite associations with,
6
–
7
,
49
; emotions and memories evoked by,
48
–
52
; environmental conditions for,
3
–
4
,
6
,
30
,
40
,
49
–
50
,
151
–
52
,
171
–
72
,
195
,
200
–
202
,
220
–
21
,
269
–
71
,
279
–
80
,
306n21
; fantasies of eating,
125
; finding,
241
–
48
,
277
; in Finland,
174
,
280
,
322n5
; fungi and,
171
; gifts of,
6
,
67
,
122
–
28
,
244
,
245
; as global commodity,
4
; history making of,
171
; and indeterminacy,
50
; as inventory,
127
–
28
; in Japan,
6
–
8
,
48
–
51
,
123
–
28
,
211
–
12
,
258
–
64
; laboratory cultivation of,
220
–
21
; life lines of,
241
–
43
,
247
–
48
; nematodes’ effect on,
156
–
57
; non-humans’ reactions to,
45
–
46
,
51
; nonscalability of,
40
; in Oregon,
42
,
51
–
52
,
57
,
69
,
73
–
83
,
195
,
212
,
233
; origin designations for,
301n5
; origins of,
233
–
35
; outings revolving around,
6
–
7
,
185
–
86
; pines and,
162
,
171
,
220
–
21
; preparation of, as food,
44
,
47
,
51
,
96
; prices of,
4
,
8
,
58
,
67
,
69
,
75
,
262
; quality of,
124
–
25
; ranking of,
8
,
126
; relational quality of,
122
–
28
,
220
; reproduction of,
237
–
38
; research on,
48
–
50
; small,
128
; smell of,
2
,
6
,
8
,
14
,
45
–
48
,
51
–
52
; sorting of,
81
,
127
,
301n9
; speciation of,
228
–
29
,
233
–
35
; species/names of,
8
,
51
,
229
–
34
,
291n11
,
291n12
; spores of,
237
–
38
; supply chain based on,
118
; supply of,
262
.
See also
matsutake trade