The Great Depression (76 page)

• Iqbal Wagle, Joan Links, and Judy Young Chong at Microtext, Robarts Library, University of Toronto, for their efficient and cheerful help
  
• the staffs of the Metropolitan Toronto Reference Library, Ontario Archives, University of Toronto Archives, and National Archives of Canada (particularly Ann Goddard for directing us to the Frank Scott Papers); Margaret Hutchison at the Saskatchewan Archives Board; Lindsay Moir at the Glenbow Museum; Frank Glass at the Rosetown Archives
  
• Michel Richer, Access to Information and Privacy Co-ordinator, Canadian Security and Intelligence Service, for processing several requests
  
• Gillian Wadsworth Minifie and Dr. James McCrorie at the Canadian Plains Research Centre, for their help and hospitality while working at the Centre in Regina
  
• Mr. Leonard Norris, President, Mackenzie-Papineau Veterans, for permission to consult the Ronald Liversedge Memoir of the Spanish Civil War; and the University of British Columbia Library, Special Collections Division, for supplying us with a copy of the manuscript
  
• Barbara Roberts, for taking the time to help with leads, and
  
• Canadian Broadcasting Corporation Archives for permission to listen to their collection relating to the Spanish Civil War.
  

The following are the major sources only, in abbreviated form, for the individual chapters and sections. For details, refer to the Bibliography.

OVERVIEW
Background and statistics from Neatby
(The Politics of Chaos)
, Struthers
(No Fault of Their Own)
, Horn
(The Great Depression)
, Croft, and daily press. Swanston’s story is told in Pitsula. Interviews with Lara Duffy and Verdun Clark.

1929
. One: Details of Queen’s Park riot from Toronto
Mail and Empire
, supplemented by John Morgan Gray and Betcherman
(The Little Band)
. Two: Safarian,
Canadian Annual Review
, and daily press. Three: Galbraith and Frederick Lewis Allen
(Only Yesterday);
Fetherling;
Montreal Star;
Toronto
Star; Financial Post;
Manitoba
Free Press
. Four: The works of Strong-Boag; various articles in
Maclean’s
and
Chatelaine
. Other details from daily press and
Canadian Annual Review
.

1930
. One: King Diaries, Hansard (House of Commons Debates), and daily press. Two: Various biographies of King by Ferns and Ostry, Neatby, Esberey, Stacey, and Hutchison as well as King Diaries. Three: King Diaries and daily press on the campaign; Betcherman
(The Little Band);
Beeching and Clarke on communist persecution. Four: Beaverbrook; MacLean; Manion; Meighen; O’Leary; Thomas, for T.C. Douglas; and King Diaries. Five: Betcherman
(The Little Band)
on Buck’s troubles. Details of Bennett’s relief program from Struthers
(No Fault of Their Own)
. Also Bennett Papers, King Diaries, and daily press.

1931
. One: Bennett Papers for Robertson, together with Roddan and daily press. Two: Horn
(League for Social Reconstruction);
Frank Scott Papers; Djwa on Scott; Francis on Underhill; Hansard; and daily press. Three: RCMP file on Woodsworth (obtained from CSIS through Access to Information Act); Ontario Attorney General’s file on communism; Bennett Papers; transcript of court proceedings against Buck
et al
. plus Betcherman
(The Little Band);
Buck
(Thirty Years);
A.E. Smith; Hunter; and Toronto press. Four and Five: MacEachern on Sydney; McNeil on Glace Bay; Royal Commission Proceedings on Estevan-Bienfait; RCMP correspondence (obtained from CSIS through Access to Information Act); interviews obtained by Saskatchewan Archives Board and Canadian Broadcasting Corporation; Esteven
Mercury;
Regina
Leader;
Abella
(On Strike)
. Six: Ontario Attorney
General’s files on Communist party; Toronto
Star: Mail and Empire;
Betcherman (
The Little Band
).

1932.
One: Whitton’s correspondence and reports, from Bennett Papers; Struthers; 1932 Report of Halifax Citizens’ Committee on Housing (from 1931 Census). Two: Roberts, Drystek, Rasporich. Three: Personal interviews and unpublished manuscripts from Drouin, Mavis, Mitchell, Sherwin, Zacher, and others listed in Bibliography; McNaughton Papers; Swettenham. Four: Major newspapers; Beaverbrook; Horn (
League for Social Reconstruction
); MacInnis. Five: Ryan (
Tim Buck
); Beeching and Clarke; Withrow;
Report
of Royal Commission to Investigate the Penal System.

1933.
One: Bennett Papers; Hansard; daily press. Lendrum told his story in
Maclean’s
. Two: Personal interviews and daily press. Saskatoon
Star-Phoenix
for Bates. Three: Personal interviews and correspondence with nine major participants; Robert Thompson manuscript (soon to be published). Four: Sinclair’s syndicated newspaper stories; King Diaries. Five: Djwa; Walter Young; daily press; interviews with several of the founders of the LSR, notably Eugene Forsey. Six: Irving, and the Irving Papers (where the subjects are identified by name); Elliott and Miller’s definitive biography,
Bible Bill
.

1934.
One: Bennett Papers; Toronto
Star;
A.E. Smith; Tim Buck (
Thirty Years
). Two: Irving; Elliott and Miller; Edmonton
Journal
for Brownlee trial. Three
Proceedings
of Special Committee on Price Spreads; background on Stevens from Wilbur. Four: James Gray
(Men Against the Desert
); Etha Munro’s story in
Western Producer;
Brown and Scott’s newspaper series in Winnipeg
Free Press;
Istrati. Five: King Diaries; Toronto
Star;
McKenty. Six: Bennett Papers; Grayson and Bliss (this excellent collection disguises the names; I have used the real ones). Seven: McNaughton Papers; Bennett Papers; Plains Research Centre’s On to Ottawa Trek Conference; Bouchette in Vancouver
Sun;
Struthers (
No Fault of Their Own
): Swettenham.

1935
. One: Daily press; Forster and Read; Wilbur (
The Bennett New Deal
); King Diaries. Two:
Proceedings and Evidence
of Royal Commission on Price Spreads; Toronto newspapers for January and February. Three: McNaughton Papers; Bennett Papers; Vancouver
Sun
and
Province;
Liversedge; Brown (
When Freedom Was Lost
); Swankey and Sheils; Cook (
Politics of Discontent
); Sean Griffin; interviews with Brodie and Salsberg. Four: Bennett Papers; daily papers; Brown; Howard; Liversedge; Sean Griffin. Five: Testimony before the Regina Riot Inquiry Commission; Bennett Papers; Hoar; Brown; Howard; interviews with Brodie,
Shaparla, Mary Rothecker. Six: Edmonton
Journal;
King Diaries; Elliott and Miller; Wilbur (“The Bennett Administration”).

1936.
One: Toronto
Star;
Elliott and Miller; King Diaries. Two: Toronto
Star;
James Gray (
Men Against the Desert
); Braithwaite; Williams; T.C. Douglas (“Highlights of the Dirty Thirties,” mimeographed pamphlet); files of Canadian Red Cross at Saskatchewan Archives Board. Three: Woodsworth Papers; Sise Papers; Montreal
Gazette
and
Star;
Djwa; Hoar (
The Mackenzie-Papineau Battalion
); Conrad Black. Four: Toronto
Star;
Dodd; Stortz and Eaton; Reed; Stephenson; Claris Silcox in
Canadian Forum
, May 1937; Hutton on Millar will. Five: King Diaries.

1937.
One: Transcript of proceedings of Mackenzie-Papineau Battalion Conference, Canadian Plains Research Centre; Beeching (
Canadian Volunteers
). Two: Liversedge (unpublished memoir). Three: Hepburn Papers;
Globe and Mail
, Toronto
Star;
Abella (
On Strike
and “The CIO”); McKenty. Four: King Diaries. Five: Bailey; Braithwaite; James Gray (
Men Against the Desert
). Six: Elliott and Miller;
Canadian Forum;
Montreal
Gazette
and
Star;
Bulletins of the Canadian Civil Liberties Association in Frank Scott Papers.

1938.
One: King Diaries; Struthers (
No Fault of Their Own
); Chambers. Two: Scott Papers;
Canadian Forum;
Woodsworth in Hansard; Muni Taub interview; Montreal press. Three: My essay “Bloody Sunday in Vancouver” in
My Country;
Vancouver press; interviews with Brodie and Robert S.S. Wilson; Sean Griffin. Four: CSIS files; King Diaries; Toronto
Star;
Betcherman (
The Swastika and the Maple Leaf
). Five: Abella and Troper; King Diaries.

1939.
One: Frank Scott Papers; my profile of McCullagh in
Maclean’s;
Brian Young; King Diaries;
Globe and Mail
. Two: Gregory Clark in Toronto
Star;
transcript of proceedings of Mackenzie-Papineau Battalion Conference, Canadian Plains Research Centre; Hoar (
The Mackenzie-Papineau Battalion
); Beeching (
Canadian Volunteers
). Three: King Diaries; MacDonnell; daily newspapers. Four: McNaught; MacInnis; Walter Young; King Diaries; Hansard.

AFTERWORD
. Statistics from Department of National Defence; daily press on business boom; interviews with Humphrey and LeBlanc; Swettenham.

Canadian Broadcasting Corporation Archives
Interviews with Alex Chambers; Milton Cohen; Frank Hadesbeck; Mike Hyduk; Paddy McElligott; Zack McEwen; Henry Meyer; Leonard Norris; Jules Paivio; Marvin Penn; Frank Roden; Ross Russell; Joseph Salsburg.

Canadian Plains Research Centre, Regina
On to Ottawa Trek Conference, 1985. Tape recordings of proceedings.

Mackenzie-Papineau Battalion Conference, 1984.
Transcripts of proceedings.

Canadian Security and Intelligence Service
Adrien Arcand files (not numbered)
Arthur Evans files, 175/P1072
Estevan riot, files HV7, 1–7
J.S. Woodsworth file (not numbered)
National Unity Party files (not numbered)

National Archives
R.B. Bennett Papers MG 26K
Joseph Frank Papers MG 31 H69, vol. 1
Ernest Lapointe Papers MG 27 III B10, vol. 28
William Lyon Mackenzie King Diaries, 1926–1939
Mackenzie-Papineau Battalion Papers MG 30 E173
A.G.L. McNaughton Papers MG 30 E133 Ser. II
Frank Scott Papers MG 30 D211
Hazen Sise Papers MG 30 D187
J.S. Woodsworth Papers MG 27 III C7

Ontario Archives
RG 3 Mitchell Hepburn Papers
RG 4 Attorney General’s files, MS 367, reels 36–38, Communist Party of Canada

Saskatchewan Archives Board
Red Cross files, SHS 101
Regina Riot Inquiry Commission, Records.
Royal Commission on the Estevan-Bienfait Mining Dispute, 1931, record of proceedings.
Interviews with Howard Babcock; Pete Gembey; W.D.MacKay; Harry Nicholson.

Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, University of Toronto
John Irving Papers

University of British Columbia Library
Liversedge, Ronald. “A Memoir of the Spanish Civil War” (unpublished paper).

University of Toronto Archives
Harry Cassidy Papers

Census, 1931.

House of Commons Debates [Hansard], 1929–1939,
passim
.

National Employment Commission,
Final Report
. Ottawa: King’s Printer, 1938.

National Employment Commission,
Interim Report
. Ottawa: King’s Printer, 1937.

Royal Commission on Dominion-Provincial Relations,
Report
, Books 1 & 2. Ottawa: 1940.

Royal Commission to Investigate the Penal System in Canada,
Report
. Ottawa: King’s Printer, 1938.

Royal Commission on Price Spreads,
Minutes of Proceedings and Evidence
. Ottawa: King’s Printer, 1935.

Royal Commission on Price Spreads,
Report
. Ottawa: King’s Printer, 1937.

Special Committee on Price Spreads and Mass Buying,
Proceedings and Evidence
. Ottawa: King’s Printer, 1934.

Calgary
Herald
, December 1929, July/August 1932
Edmonton
Journal
June 1931
Financial Post
, January, July-December 1929
Globe
(Toronto), December 1929, January 1935
Globe and Mail
(Toronto), March-April 1937, Jan.-March 1939
Halifax
Herald
, December 1929, January 1933
Le Patriote
, March 1934
Mail and Empire
(Toronto), 1929, 1931, July 1933
Mercury
(Estevan), 1931, 1932
Montreal
Gazette
, January, September-December 1929 Regina
Leader
, January and December 1929
Regina
Leader-Post
, September-October 1931, December 1933, March 1934
Saskatoon
Star-Phoenix
, December 1933, March 1934
Toronto Daily Star
, 1929–1939
Toronto
Evening Telegram
, July 1933, January 1935
Vancouver
Daily Province
, 1938
Vancouver
Sun
, December 1929
Manitoba, later Winnipeg
Free Press
, 1929–1939

Canadian Annual Review
, 1929, 1930
Canadian Forum
, 1929–1939
Chatelaine
, 1929–1935
Life
, 18 July 1938
Maclean’s
, 1929–1935
Saturday Night
, 1929

John Archer; Harry Auld; Edward and Ruth Barker; Robert Barr; William and Elsie Beeching; Mike Bevan; Gordon Bongard; George Bothwell; Steve Brodie; Humphrey Carver; Verdun Clark; John Clyne; William Cook; E.M. Culliton; Rosella Diduck; Robert Drouin; Lara Duffy; James Ealey; Eugene Forsey; Peter Frankham; Tom Gallagher; Wilfred Gardiner; William and Anne Gilbey; King Gordon; Gordon Hogarth; Ken John; Henry Kanis; Eloff Kellner; William Krehm; John Langille; Blanche Lovely; Donald McLay; Dan Magee; Ed Mirvish; W.O. Mitchell; Claire Morrison; Eileen Nye; Joe Parkinson; Glenn Petersen; J. Lyman Potts; Albert Reid; Mary Rothecker; Mitch Sago; Willis Shaparla; Matthew Shaw; Charles Sherwin; Irene Spry; Allan Stapelton; Kathleen Stratton; Muni Taub; Charles Templeton; Gilma Williams; Edna Wilson; Robert S. Wilson; Joe Zacher.