The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions (790 page)

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Authors: John Bowker

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Five houses
.
Five schools of Ch’an Buddhism (Tsung-men shih-kuei lun) during the later T’ang period and under the ‘five dynasties’—though the roots of each are usually older:
(i) 
Ts’ao-tung
(Jap.,
S
t
);
(ii) 
Lin-chi
(Jap.,
Rinzai
);
(iii) Yün-men (Jap.,
Ummon
);
(iv) 
Kuei-yang
(Jap., Igy
;
(v) Fa-yen (Jap.,
Hogen
)
.
The term was first used by
Fa-yen Wen-i
(885–958), who described (i)–(iv).
Five impediments
(Buddhist)
:
see
JÑ
NA
.
Five Ks
,
Pañj Kakke. Sikh symbols.
Kh
ls
Sikhs, male and female, are identifiable by five emblems which they wear. These are called the five Ks because their Pañj
b
names all commence with ‘kakk
’ (k).
1. Ke
, uncut hair.
2. Ka
gh
, a small comb, usually of wood or ivory. This keeps the hair neat and so symbolizes controlled spirituality. Often a miniature kirp
n (see below) is embedded in the ka
gh
.
3. Kirp
n, steel sword. The kirp
n signifies courage in defence of right.
4. Ka
, steel bangle, worn on the right wrist.
5. Kachh, long shorts. These replaced the ‘dhot
’, customarily worn by men, enabling swift action in war.

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