The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions (294 page)

BOOK: The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions
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Aurva
.
In Hindu mythology, the son of
Cyavana
and the grandson of
Bh
gu
. The Aurvafire, sometimes called
v
av
gni
(Skt., ‘marefire’) because it has a mare's head, awaits the time when it is unleashed to destroy the universe.
Auschwitz
.
The largest Nazi concentration camp. Established in 1940 on the outskirts of Oseiecim, Poland. It has become a symbol of the horrors of the
Holocaust
—as also of the extreme issues of
theodicy
, of ‘Theology after Auschwitz’ (see
HOLOCAUST
).
Authorized Version
.
An English translation of the
Bible
published in 1611. It was ordered by King James I (hence the American name ‘King James Version’) and was the work of
c.
50 scholars. The words ‘Appointed to be read in Churches’ appear on the title-page, but it has never otherwise been ‘authorized’.
Autocephalous
(Gk.,
autos
, ‘self’ +
kephal
, ‘head’). Term describing an
Orthodox church
whose hierarchy is independent of any other. Thus ‘the Orthodox Church’ comprises a variable number of autocephalous ‘Orthodox churches’, whose
patriarchs
are ranked only in honour (
1. Constantinople,
2. Alexandria,
3. Antioch,
4. Jerusalem,
5. Moscow, etc.
). Some autocephalous churches are very small, e.g. Sinai (one monastery) and Czechoslovakia (autocephalous since 1951).

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