The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions (115 page)

see
ASAN AL-BA
R
.

 
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(
c.
1205–80).
Christian philosopher and theologian. He was born in Bavaria, studied at Padua and Bologna, and became a
Dominican
in 1222/3. He held one of the Dominican chairs of theology at the University of Paris, where Thomas
Aquinas
was one of his pupils, and later (1260–2) he became bishop of Ratisbon. Allowed to resign, he resumed teaching at Cologne. He preached a
crusade
in Germany, 1263–4. As well as Magnus, he was called Doctor Universalis. He was canonized and proclaimed a Doctor of the Church in 1931. He wrote commentaries on the Sentences of
Peter Lombard
and on Pseudo-
Dionysius
, and a
Summa de Creaturis
. He left incomplete a
Summa Theologica
.

 
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Albigenses
.

A branch of the
Cathars
of S. France. Christian
dualist
heretics, Pope Innocent III failed to convert them; a savage
Crusade
, led by Simon de Montfort, went on until 1218; and in 1233, the
Dominican
Inquisition
undertook to eliminate them. Their main centre was Albi (hence the name); they may have had remote ancestry in the teaching of
Ma
i
.

 
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