Read The Age of Empathy Online

Authors: Frans de Waal

The Age of Empathy (43 page)

BOOK: The Age of Empathy
12.38Mb size Format: txt, pdf, ePub
ads

Lakshminarayanan, V.R., and Santos, L. R. (2008). Capuchin monkeys are sensitive to others’ welfare.
Current Biology
18: R999-R1000.

Lanzetta, J.T., and Englis, B. G. (1989). Expectations of cooperation and competition and their effects on observers’ vicarious emotional
responses. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology
56: 54—54.

Lordkipanidze, D., et al. (2007). Postcranial evidence from early
Homo
from Dmanisi, Georgia.
Nature
449: 30—10.

MacNeilage, P.F., and Davis, B. L. (2000). On the origin of internal structure of word forms.
Science
288: 52—31.

McConnell, P. (2005).
For the Love of a Dog.
New York: Ballantine.

Menzel, E.W. (1972). Spontaneous invention of ladders in a group of young chimpanzees.
Folia primatologica
17: 8—06.

Menzel, E.W. (1974). A group of young chimpanzees in a one-acre field. In
Behavior of Non-human Primates,
vol. 5, A. M. Schrier and F. Stollnitz (Eds.), pp. 8—53. New York: Academic Press.

Menzel, E.W., and Johnson, M. K. (1976). Communication and cognitive organization in humans and other animals.
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
280: 13—42.

Nakamura, M., McGrew, W. C., Marchant, L. F., and Nishida, T. (2000). Social scratch: Another custom in wild chimpanzees?
Primates
41: 23—48.

O’Connell, S.M. 1995. Empathy in chimpanzees: Evidence for Theory of Mind?
Primates
36: 39—410.

Ottoni, E.B., and Mannu, M. (2001). Semi-free ranging tufted capuchin monkeys spontaneously use tools to crack open nuts.
International Journal of Primatology
22: 34—58.

Perner, J., and Ruffman, T. (2005). Infants’ insight into the mind: How deep?
Science
308: 21—16.

Premack, D., and Woodruff, G. (1978).
Does the chimpanzee have a theory of mind?
Behavioral and Brain Sciences
1: 51—26.

Rosenblatt, P. (2006).
Two in a Bed: The Social System of Couple Bed Sharing.
New York: State University of New York Press.

Silk, J.B., et al. (2005). Chimpanzees are indifferent to the welfare of unrelated group members.
Nature
437: 135—359.

Smith, A. (1937 [orig. 1759]).
The Theory of Moral Sentiments.
New, York: Modern Library.

Swofford, A.
(2003). Jarhead.
New York: Scribner.

Tomasello, M., and Call, J. (2006). Do chimpanzees know what others see—or only what they are looking at? In
Rational Animals?
S. Hurley and M. Nudds (Eds.), pp. 37—84. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.

Virányi, Z., Topál, J., Miklósi, A., and Csányi, V. (2005). A nonverbal test of knowledge attribution: A comparative study on dogs and human infants.
Animal Cognition
9: 1—6.

Warneken, F., Hare, B., Melis, A. P., Hanus, D., and Tomasello, M. (2007). Spontaneous altruism by chimpanzees and young children.
PLoS Biology
5: 141—420.

Wellman, H.M., Phillips, A. T., and Rodriguez, T. (2000). Young children’s understanding of perception, desire, and emotion.
Child Development
71: 89—12.

Wispé, L. (1991).
The Psychology of Sympathy.
New York: Plenum.

Yerkes, R.M. (1925).
Almost Human.
New York: Century.

Zahn-Waxler, C., Hollenbeck, B., and Radke-Yarrow, M. (1984). The origins of empathy and altruism. In
Advances in Animal Welfare Science,
M. W. Fox and L. D. Mickley (Eds.), pp. 2—9. Washington, DC: Humane Society of the United States.

Zillmann, D., and Cantor, J. R. (1977). Affective responses to the emotions of a protagonist.
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology
13: 15—65.

CHAPTER 5: THE ELEPHANT IN THE ROOM

Anderson, J.R., and Gallup, G. G., Jr. (1999). Self-recognition in nonhuman primates: Past and future challenges. In
Animal Models of Human Emotion and Cognition,
M. Haug and R. E. Whalen (Eds.), pp. 17—94. Washington, DC: APA.

Balfour, D., and Balfour, S. (1998).
African Elephants, A Celebration of Majesty.
New, York: Abbeville Press.

Bates, L. A., et al. (2008).
Do elephants show empathy?
Journal of Consciousness Studies
15: 204–225.

Bekoff, M. (2001). Observations of scent-marking and discriminating self from others by a domestic dog: Tales of displaced yellow snow.
Behavioural Processes
55: 7—9.

Bekoff, M., and Sherman, P. W. (2003). Reflections on animal selves.
Trends in Ecology and Evolution
19: 17—80.

Bischof-Köhler, D. (1988). Über den Zusammenhang von Empathie und der Fähigkeit sich im Spiegel zu erkennen.
Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Psychologie
47: 14—59.

Bischof-Köhler, D. (1991). The development of empathy in infants.
In Infant Development: Perspectives from German-Speaking Countries,
M. Lamb and M. Keller (Eds.), pp. 24—73. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Bonnie, K.E., and de Waal, F. B. M. (2004). Primate social reciprocity and the origin of gratitude. In
The Psychology of Gratitude,
R. A. Emmons and M. E. McCullough (Eds.), pp. 21—29. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.

Butterworth, G., and Grover, L. (1988). The origins of referential communication in human infancy. In
Thought without Language,
L. Weiskrantz (Ed.), pp. —4. Oxford, UK: Clarendon.

Caldwell, M.C., and Caldwell, D. K. (1966). Epimeletic (care-giving) behavior in Cetacea. In
Whales, Dolphins, and Porpoises,
K. S. Norris (Ed.), pp. 75—89. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Carpenter, C.R. (1934). A field study of the behavior and social relations of howling monkeys.
Comparative Psychology Monographs
10: 1—168.

Cenami Spada, E., Aureli, F., Verbeek, P., and de Waal, F. B. M. (1995). The self as reference point: Can animals do without it? In
The Self in Infancy: Theory and Research,
P. Rochat (Ed.), pp. 19—15. Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Cheney, D.L., and Seyfarth, R. M. (2008).
Baboon Metaphysics: The Evolution of a Social Mind.
Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Connor, R.C., and Norris, K. S. (1982). Are dolphins reciprocal altruists?
American Naturalist
119: 35—72.

de Waal, F. B. M. (2007 [orig. 1982]).
Chimpanzee Politics: Power and Sex among Apes.
Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.

de Waal, F. B. M. (1988). The communicative repertoire of captive bonobos
(Pan paniscus),
compared to that of chimpanzees.
Behaviour
106: 18—51.

de Waal, F. B. M. (1997).
Bonobo: The Forgotten Ape.
Berkeley: University of California Press.

de Waal, F. B. M. (2001).
The Ape and the Sushi Master.
New, York: Basic Books.

de Waal, F. B. M. (2008). Putting the altruism back into altruism: The evolution of empathy.
Annual Review of Psychology
59: 27—00.

de Waal, F. B. M., and Aureli, F. (1996). Consolation, reconciliation, and a possible cognitive difference between macaque and chimpanzee. In
Reaching into Thought: The Minds of the Great Apes, A.
E. Russon, K. A. Bard, and S. T. Parker (Eds.), pp. 8—10. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.

de Waal, F. B. M., Dindo, M., Freeman, C. A., and Hall, M. (2005). The monkey in the mirror: Hardly a stranger.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA
102: 1114—1147.

Decety, J., and Chaminade, T. (2003). When the self represents the other: A new cognitive neuroscience view on psychological identification.
Consciousness & Cognition
12: 57—96.

Decety, J., and Grèzes, J. (2006). The power of simulation: Imagining one’s own and other’s behavior.
Brain Research
1079: —4.

Douglas-Hamilton, I., Bhalla, S., Wittemyer, G., and Vollrath, F. (2006). Behavioural reactions of elephants towards a dying and deceased matriarch.
Applied Animal Behaviour Science
100: 8—02.

Emery, N.J., and Clayton, N. S. (2001). Effects of experience and social context on prospective caching strategies by scrub jays.
Nature
41
4:
443—446.

Emery, N.J., and Clayton, N. S. (2004). The mentality of crows: Convergent evolution of intelligence in corvids and apes.
Science
306: 1903– 1907.

Engh, A.L., et al. (2005). Behavioural and hormonal responses to predation in female chacma baboons.
Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B
273: 70—12.

Epstein, R., Lanza, R. P., and Skinner, B. F. (1981). “Self-awareness” in the pigeon.
Science
212: 69—96.

Gallup, G.G. Jr. (1970). Chimpanzees: Self-recognition.
Science
167: 8—7.

Gallup, G.G. Jr. (1983). Toward a comparative psychology of mind. In
Animal Cognition and Behavior,
R. L. Mellgren (Ed.), pp. 47—10. New York: North-Holland.

Goleman, D. (2006).
Social Intelligence: The New Science of Human Relationships.
New, York: Bantam Books.

Gould, S.J. (1977).
Ontogeny and Phylogeny.
Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Hakeem, A.Y., Sherwood, C. C., Bonar, C. J., Butti, C., Hof, P. R., and Allman, J. M. (2009). Von Economo Neurons in the elephant brain.
Anatomical Record
292: 24—48.

Johnson, D. B. (1992).
Altruistic behavior and the development of the self in infants.
Merrill-Palmer Quarterly of Behavior & Development
28: 37—88.

Jorgensen, M.
J.,
Hopkins, W.D., and Suomi, S. J. (1995). Using a computerized testing system to investigate the preconceptual self in nonhuman primates and humans. In
The Self in Infancy: Theory and Research,
P. Rochat (Ed.), pp. 24—56. Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Ladygina-Kohts, N. N. (2001 [1935]).
Infant Chimpanzee and Human Child: A Classic 1935 Comparative Study of Ape Emotions and Intelligence.
F. B. M. de Waal (Ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.

Krause, M.A. (1997). Comparative perspectives on pointing and joint attention in children and apes.
International Journal of Comparative Psychology
10: 13—57.

Kummer, H. (1968).
Social Organization of Hamadryas Baboons.
Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Leavens, D.A., and Hopkins, W. D. (1998). Intentional communication by chimpanzees: A cross-sectional study of the use of referential gestures.
Developmental Psychology
34: 81—22.

Leavens, D.A., and Hopkins, W. D. (1999). The whole-hand point: The structure and function of pointing from a comparative perspective.
Journal of Comparative Psychology
113: 41—25.

Lewis, M., and Ramsay, D. (2004). Development of self-recognition, personal pronoun use, and pretend play during the 2nd year.
Child Development
75: 182—831.

Manger, P.R. (2006). An examination of cetacean brain structure with a novel hypothesis correlating thermogenesis to the evolution of a big brain.
Biological Review
81: 29—38.

Marais, E.N. (1939).
My Friends the Baboons.
New York: McBride.

Marino, L. (1998). A comparison of encephalization between odontocete cetaceans and anthropoid primates.
Brain, Behavior, and Evolution
51: 23—38.

Marino, L., et al. (2007). Cetaceans have complex brains for complex cognition.
PLoS-Biology
5: e139.

Medicus, G. (1992). The inapplicability of the biogenetic rule to behavioral development.
Human Development
35: 1—8.

Menzel, C.R. (1999). Unprompted recall and reporting of hidden objects by a chimpanzee
(Pan troglodytes)
after extended delays.
Journal of Comparative Psychology
113: 42—34.

Menzel, E.W. (1973). Leadership and communication in young chimpanzees. In
Precultural Primate Behavior,
E. W. Menzel (Ed.). Basel: Karger.

Menzel, E. W. (1979). Communication of object-locations in a group of young chimpanzees. In
The Great Apes,
D. A. Hamburg and E. R. McCown (Eds.), pp. 35—71. Menlo Park, CA: Benjamin Cummings.

Moss, C. (1988).
Elephant Memories: Thirteen Years in the Life of an Elephant Family.
New, York: Fawcett Columbine.

Nimchinsky, E.A., et al. (1999). A neuronal morphologic type unique to humans and great apes.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA
96: 526—273.

Plotnik, J., de Waal, F. B. M., and Reiss, D. (2006). Self-recognition in an Asian elephant.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA
103: 1705—7057.

Poole, J. (1996).
Coming of Age with Elephants: A Memoir.
New York: Hyperion.

Povinelli, D.J. (1989). Failure to find self-recognition in Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) in contrast to their use of mirror cues to discover hidden food.
Journal of Comparative Psychology
103: 122—131.

Povinelli, D.J., and Cant, J. G. H. (1995). Arboreal clambering and the evolution of self-conception.
Quarterly Review of Biology
70: 39—21.

Preston, S.D., and de Waal, F. B. M. (2002). Empathy: Its ultimate and proximate bases.
Behavioral & Brain Sciences
25: —2.

Reiss, D., and Marino, L. (2001). Mirror self-recognition in the bottlenose dolphin: A case of cognitive convergence.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA
98: 593—942.

Rochat, P. (2003). Five levels of self-awareness as they unfold early in life.
Consciousness & Cognition
12: 71—31.

Sapolsky, R.M. (2001).
A Primate’s Memoir: A Neuroscientist’s Unconventional Life among the Baboons.
New York: Scribner.

Schino, G., Geminiani, S., Rosati, L., and Aureli, F. (2004). Behavioral and emotional response of Japanese macaque mothers after their offspring receive an aggression.
Journal of Comparative Psychology
118: 34—46.

Seed, A.M., Clayton, N. S., and Emery, N. J. (2007). Postconflict third-party affiliation in rooks.
Current Biology
17: 15—58.

BOOK: The Age of Empathy
12.38Mb size Format: txt, pdf, ePub
ads

Other books

Gethsemane Hall by David Annandale
The King's Blood by Daniel Abraham
Spring Wind [Seasonal Winds Book 1] by Charlotte Boyett-Compo
Born to Lose by James G. Hollock
Stolen Kisses by Suzanne Enoch
Empyreal: Awaken - Book One by Christal M. Mosley
Honour Bound by Keith Walker