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212 Amélie wrote to Sargent . . . Sargent replied: Quoted in Charteris,
John Sargent,
p. 64.
214 The ultimate insult: Pringue,
30 Ans de Dîners en Ville,
p. 314.
215 During a routine visit . . . “One must never”: Ibid.
215 Marie Virginie left her jewels: Costello,
From Ternant to Parlange,
p. 144.
217 Caillaux and Favalelli testimony: Succession of Mrs. Virginie Amélie Avegno Gautreau #2571. Parish of Pointe Coupee, Louisiana, 21st Judicial District Court, October 6, 1916.
217 They sold their property: Costello,
From Ternant to Parlange,
p. 146.
A MAN OF PRODIGIOUS TALENT
220 “We have music”: Quoted in Charteris,
John Sargent,
p. 78.
221 Sargent worked and reworked: Olson, Adelson, and Ormond,
Sargent at Broadway,
p. 69.
224 “purely and simply beautiful,” “the talk of all”: Quoted in Simpson,
Uncanny Spectacle,
p. 155.
224 Half hoping that he would be: Olson,
John Singer Sargent,
p. 137.
225 “Mr. J. S. Sargent of London”:
Newport Journal,
October 1, 1887.
226 He wrote an article: Henry James, “John S. Sargent,”
Harper’s New Monthly Magazine,
75, no. 449 (October 1887), pp. 683-692.
229 “the gem of the collection”: Quoted in Louise Hall Tharp,
Mrs. Jack
(Boston: Little, Brown, 1965), p. 134.
229 “It looks like hell”: Quoted in Olson,
John Singer Sargent,
p. 142.
229 “see nearly all the way”: Quoted at Magnetic North,
http://www.magnetic-north.com/cover/cov11thru20/cov_14
.
234 “I abhor and abjure them”: Quoted in Olson,
John Singer Sargent,
p. 227.
235 “on account of the row”: Quoted in Mount,
John Singer Sargent,
pp. 328-329.
236 “I suppose it is”: Quoted ibid., p. 328.
TWILIGHT OF THE GODS
237 England, Sargent’s adopted home . . . “not one”: Charteris,
John Sargent,
p. 220.
238 Upholding the Sargent family tradition: Olson,
John Singer Sargent,
p. 244.
239 He was interested . . . “have the chance”: Ibid., p. 257.
240 His memorial service: William Howe Downes,
John S. Sargent: His Life and Work
(Boston: Little, Brown, 1925), p. 102.
240 “The man, indeed,” “a figure in modern art”: Quoted ibid., p. 107.
241 Already some three months after: Charteris,
John Sargent,
p. 223.
242 “That Sargent was taken”: Quoted in Olson,
John Singer Sargent,
p. 236.
243 Jacques Pozzi was a beautiful baby: Laurence Joseph,
Catherine Pozzi: Une Robe Couleur du Temps
(Paris: Éditions de la Différence, 1988), p. 12.
243 While his personal life: Vanderpooten offers a detailed examination of Pozzi’s life in
Samuel Pozzi.
244 The circle had very strict rules:
Misia and the Muses: The Memoirs of Misia Sert
(New York: John Day, 1953), pp. 21-22.
245 and who had politely refused: Jean-Yves Tadié,
Marcel Proust: A Life,
trans. Euan Cameron (New York: Viking, 2000), p. 622.
246 At the last minute: Vanderpooten,
Samuel Pozzi,
p. 517.
247 In the 1920s, her sister Valerie . . . “I cannot consent”: Ormond and Kilmurray,
John Singer Sargent,
p. 127.
248 Gautier, the ultimate fan: Richardson,
Judith Gautier,
p. 222.
249 When Sargent invited ... “a journey like this”:
Print Collector’s Quarterly,
12 (February 1926), pp. 34-35, 38.
249 Following the lead: Armstrong Fine Art, “Albert Belleroche.”
www.armstrongfineart.com/Belleroche-bio.P.htm
.
250 “no one else has succeeded”: Quoted ibid.
250 Lily went on: Ormond and Kilmurray,
John Singer Sargent,
p. 170.
252 In the early 1950s: For a comprehensive study of Sargent’s resurgence in popularity, see H. Barbara Weinberg, “John Singer Sargent: Reputation Redivivus,”
Arts Magazine,
54 (March 1980), pp. 104-109.
253 “Oh God, I wish”: Quoted in Trevor J. Fairbrother, “Warhol Meets Sargent at Whitney,”
Arts Magazine,
61 (February 1987), pp. 65-67.
253 “hot stuff again”: Quoted in Ruth La Perla, “Preserved in Oil,”
The New York Times,
November 7, 1999.
254 Fairbrother argues: Trevor Fairbrother,
John Singer Sargent
(New York: Harry N. Abrams, in association with the National Museum of American Art, Smithsonian Institution, 1994), p. 8.
255 “I do not judge”: Quoted in Charteris,
John Sargent,
p. 107.
AFTERWORD
257 In spite of all this attention . . . “repainted one part”: Fairbrother, “The Shock of John Singer Sargent’s ‘Madame Gautreau,’” pp. 90-97.
258 Subsequently, Fairbrother turned: Ormond and Kilmurray,
John Singer Sargent,
p. 115.
259 Curators at the Metropolitan realized: Suzanne Smeaton of Eli Wilner & Company called my attention to the story of the frame, which is discussed in detail in Carrie Rebora Barratt, “American Frames in the Metropolitan Museum of Art,” in Eli Wilner, ed.,
The Gilded Edge
(San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 2000), p. 156.
260 The face that launched a thousand loan requests: Marc Simpson’s introductory remarks for a Sotheby’s New York lecture series on the artist, May 1997.
260 If
Madame X
were on the market: I am grateful to Warren Adelson for his invaluable observations on this subject.
262 Today,
Madame X
shows some signs: Ridge and Townsend, “How Sargent Made It Look Easy.”
BIBLIOGRAPHY
ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS
Contract de Mariage entre M. Pierre-Louis Gautreau et Mademoiselle Avegno. Paris, M. Deves, notary, 1878.
Succession of Mrs. Virginie Amélie Avegno Gautreau #2571. Parish of Pointe Coupee, Louisiana, 21st Judicial District Court, October 6, 1916.
Journal of Louise La Chambre Gautreau. Archives Municipales de Saint-Malo, France, n.d.
ARTICLES/PERIODICALS
Armstrong Fine Art. “Albert Belleroche.”
www.armstrongfineart.com/Belleroche-bio.P.htm
.
Art Amateur,
2, no. 3 (August 1884), p. 52.
L’Art Français,
July 25, 1891.
“La Belle Américaine: A New Star of Occidental Loveliness Swims into the Sea of Parisian Society,”
The New York Herald,
March 30, 1880.
Blashfield, Edwin H. “John Singer Sargent—Recollections,”
The North American Review,
June 1925.
Bowles, Hamish. “The Madame X Files,”
Vogue,
January 1999, p. 174.
“Continental Books and Manuscripts,”
Sotheby’s,
June 2002, pp. 68-69. de Berardinis, Robert. “‘Madame X’: Virginie Amélie ‘Mimi’ Avegno (Mme. Gautreau) and a Family Note to Art History,”
National Genealogical Society Quarterly,
90, no. 1 (March 2002), p. 65.
L’Événement,
May 1 and May 19, 1884.
Fairbrother, Trevor J. “The Shock of John Singer Sargent’s ‘Madame Gautreau,’”
Arts Magazine,
55 ( January 1981), pp. 90-97.
Fairbrother, Trevor J. “Warhol Meets Sargent at Whitney,”
Arts Magazine,
61 (February 1987), pp. 65-67.
Le Gaulois,
May 17, 1884.
Houssaye, Henri. “Le Salon de 1884,”
Revue des Deux Mondes,
June 1, 1884, p. 63. In Ratcliff,
John Singer Sargent.
Jordan, George. “John Singer Sargent Captured the Mystique of Madame X,”
The Times-Picayune
(New Orleans), June 22, 1975.
La Perla, Ruth. “Preserved in Oil,”
The New York Times,
November 7, 1999.
Michel, André. “Le Salon de 1884,”
L’Art,
37 (1884), pp. 13-14. In Simpson,
Uncanny Spectacle.
Minchin, Hamilton. “Some Early Recollections of Sargent,”
Contemporary Review,
June 1925, pp. 735-743.
Moss, Dorothy. “Sargent, Madame X, and Baby Milbank,”
The Burlington Magazine,
May 2001, n.p.
Mount, Charles Merrill. “John Singer Sargent and Judith Gautier,”
The Arts Quarterly,
Summer 1955, p. 138.
Mount, Charles Merrill. “New Discoveries Illumine Sargent’s Paris Career,”
The Arts Quarterly,
Autumn 1957, p. 304.
North American Review,
n.d., p. 642.
Paris Notes,
March 2001.
“Paris Under Glass,”
France Magazine,
July/August 2002, p. 48.
Perdican.
L’Illustration,
May 31, 1884.
Le Petit Journal de Paris,
July 20, 1884.
Phillips, Claude.
Academy,
25, no. 632 ( June 14, 1884), n.p. In Simpson,
Uncanny Spectacle.
Print Collector’s Quarterly,
12 (February 1926), pp. 30 - 45.
“Promenade au Salon,”
La Nouvelle Revue,
May/June 1884, p. 603.
Ridge, Jacqueline, and Joyce H. Townsend. “How Sargent Made It Look Easy,”
American Artist,
63, no. 685 (August 1999). firstsearch@
oclc.org
.
“Le Salon pour Rire,”
Le Charivari,
May 1, 1884.
Sidlauskas, Susan. “Painting Skin,”
American Art,
Fall 2001, pp. 8-33.
Starkweather, William. “The Art of John Singer Sargent,”
The Mentor,
October 1924, pp. 3-29.
Stretch, Bonnie Barrett. “Fragments of a Lost World,”
ARTnews,
January 1987, p. 122.
La Vie Parisienne,
May 3, 1884.
Wedgwood, Eliza. “Memoir of John S. Sargent.”
Weinberg, H. Barbara. “John Singer Sargent: Reputation Redivivus,”
Arts Magazine,
54 (March 1980), pp. 104-109.
BOOKS
Adelson, Warren.
John Singer Sargent: His Own Work.
New York: Coe Kerr Gallery and Wittenborn, 1980.
Baudelaire, Charles.
The Painter of Modern Life and Other Essays,
ed. Jonathan Mayne. London: Phaidon, 1995.
Becker, George J., and Edith Philips, eds.
Paris and the Arts, 1851-1896: From the Goncourt Journal.
Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1971.
Belleroche, William.
Brangwyn’s Pilgrimage.
London: Chapman & Hall, 1948.
Birnbaum, Martin.
John Singer Sargent.
New York: William E. Rudge’s Sons, 1941.
Brettell, Richard.
French Salon Artists: 1800-1900.
New York: Harry N. Abrams, and Chicago: The Art Institute of Chicago, 1987.
Cable, George Washington.
The Creoles of Louisiana.
Gretna, LA: Pelican, 2000.
Carter, William C.
Marcel Proust: A Life.
New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2000.
Charteris, Evan.
John Sargent.
New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1927.
Child, Theodore.
The Praise of Paris.
New York: Harper & Brothers, 1893.
Clark, Kenneth.
The Nude.
New York: Pantheon, 1956.
Collier, John.
A Manual of Oil Painting.
London: Cassell, 1889.
Cortissoz, Royal.
Art and Common Sense.
New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1913.
Costello, Brian J.
From Ternant to Parlange.
Baton Rouge: Franklin, 2002.
Cox, Kenyon.
An American Art Student in Paris: The Letters of Kenyon Cox 1877-1882,
ed. H. Wayne Morgan. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 1986.
Dayot, Armand.
Salon de 1884.
Paris: Librairie d’Art Ludovic Baschet, 1884.
de Bachelle, Herman.
Old Louisiana Plantation Homes and Family Trees.
New Orleans: Pelican, 1941.
Downes, William Howe.
John S. Sargent: His Life and Work.
Boston: Little, Brown, 1925.
Dumas, F.-G.
Catalogue Illustré du Salon.
Paris: Librairie d’Art Ludovic Baschet, 1884.
Edel, Leon.
Henry James: A Life.
New York: Harper & Row, 1985.
Esten, John.
John Singer Sargent: The Male Nudes.
New York: Universe, 1999.
Fairbrother, Trevor.
John Singer Sargent.
New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1994.
Fairbrother, Trevor.
John Singer Sargent: The Sensualist.
Seattle: Seattle Art Museum, and New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2000.
Fairbrother, Trevor.
John Singer Sargent and America.
New York: Garland, 1986.
Femmes Fin de Siècle 1885-1895.
Paris: Éditions Paris-Musées, 1990.
Fink, Lois Marie.
American Art at the Nineteenth-Century Paris Salons.
Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, and Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1990.
Fontanel, Beatrice.
Support and Seduction,
trans. Willard Wood. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1997.
Gay, Walter.
The Memoirs of Walter Gay.
New York: Privately printed, 1930.
Girouard, Mark.
Life in the French Country House.
New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2000.
The Grove Dictionary of Art,
ed. Jane Turner. New York: Grove, 1996.
Hayman, Ronald.
Proust: A Biography.
New York: HarperCollins, 1990.
Hemmings, F. W. J.
Culture and Society in France.
New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1971.
Herbert, Robert L.
Impressionism: Art, Leisure, and Parisian Society.
New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1988.
Herdrich, Stephanie L., and H. Barbara Weinberg.
John Singer Sargent: American Drawings and Watercolors in the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2000.
Higonnet, Patrice.
Paris Capital of the World,
trans. Arthur Goldhammer. Cambridge, MA: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2002.

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