Stones of Aran (71 page)

1
(identification of Ferris) Breandán Ó hEithir, “
Skerrett
:
Liam O’Flaherty,”
Islands
and
Authors,
ed. Proinsias Ó Conluain (Dublin, 1983).

1
Tom O’Flaherty,
Cliffmen
of
the
West
(London, 1935).

2
J. Vendryes,
Lexique
Étymologique
de
l’Irlandais
ancien
(Lettre B) (Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, 1981).

3
Liam O’Flaherty,
Spring
Sowing.

4
(
Nostoc
)
Information from Maura Scannell, National Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin.

1
Preston Cloud, Oasis in Space: Earth History from the Beginning (New York, 1988).

1
J.T. O’Flaherty, “A Sketch of the History and Antiquities of the Southern Islands of Aran …,” in
RIA
Trans.,
Vol. XIV, Antiquities (1821–25).

2
Information from Michael Gibson, Burnham-on-Crouch, Essex.

3
Máirtín Ó Direáin,
Ó
Mórna
agus
Dánta
Eile
(Dublin, 1957); my translation.

1
(school) Griffiths’ Valuation (1855), and A. Powell,
op.
cit.

2
Colm P. Ó hIarnáin, “Hernon—Ó hIarnáin,” unpublished typescript in my possesion.

3
W.F. Wakeman, “Aran—Pagan and Christian,” in
Duffy’
s
Hiber
nian
Magazine,
Vol. I (1862).

4
(radio-carbon dating) R. Berger,
op.
cit.

5
Seathrún Céitinn,
Foras
Feasa
ar
Éirinn
(Geoffrey Keating,
The
History
of
Ireland
), written
c.
1633–36, translated and edited by D.
Comyn and P.S. Dinneen, four vols. (London, 1902–14; reprinted 1987).

6
George Petrie,
The
Ecclesiastical
Architecture
of
Ireland
(London, 1845).

7
(Mil) T.J. Westropp, “A Study of the Early Forts and Stone Huts in Inishmore, Aran Islands, Galway Bay,” in
Proc.
RIA,
Vol. 28C (1910).

8
T.J. Westropp, “Aran Islands,” in
JRSAI,
25 (1895), reprinted in P.J. Hartnett and B. Ó Ríordáin,
The
Aran
Islands
and
Galway
City
(Dublin, 1969).

9
(Johnston crest) Information from Jim Higgins, Galway.

1
(arms) Hardiman’s appendices to R. O’Flaherty,
West
or
H-Iar
Connaught.
This is also the source of most of the early O’Flaherty history in the next few pages.

2
(Niall) Dr. Dáithí Ó hÓgáin,
Myth,
Legend
and
Romance:
An
En
cyclopedia
of
the
Irish
Folk
Tradition
(London, 1990).

3
(Brión) Gearóid Mac Niocaill,
Ireland
Before
the
Vikings
(Dublin, 1972).

4
Shane Mór O’Dugán, quoted in Hardiman’s appendices to R. O’Flaherty,
op.
cit.

5
(Turlough O’Connor) Micheal Dolly,
Anglo-Norman
Ireland
(Dublin, 1972).

6
(Renvyle)
Hidden
Connemara,
ed. Erin Gibbons (Connemara West Press, 1991).

7
(Doon) Local folklore from Kill, Clifden.

8
(Aird and Aughnanure) Seán Mac Giollarnáth,
Annála
Beaga
ó
Ior
rus
Aithneach
(Dublin, 1941); my translations.

9
(Log na Marbh) See “Backwaters” in this volume.

10
(Composition of Connaught) Hardiman’s appendices to R. O’Flaherty,
op.
cit.

11
Anne Chambers,
Granuaile:
The
Life
and
Times
of
Grace
O’Malley
(Dublin, 1983).

12
(Roderic O’Flaherty) Hardiman’s appendices, and Mícheál Bairéad,
Fadó
Fad
ó
,
in press.

13
Letters of John Dunton, in the Bodleian Library, Oxford, written
1698, published in Edward MacLysaght,
Irish
Life
in
the
Seventeenth
Century
(2nd edition, Cork, 1950).

14
Anon, (members of the Blake family),
Letters
from
the
Irish
High
lands
(London, 1825; republished Clifden, 1995).

15
(Sir John O’Flaherty) John Burke,
Landed
Gentry
of
Great
Britain
and
Ireland
(London, 1848 and later editions).

16
(Antony O’Flaherty, MP)
Hand-book
to
Galway,
Connemara,
and
the
Irish
Highlands
(London and Dublin, 1854).

17
E.W. Lynam, “The O’Flaherty Country,” in
Studies
(June 1914).

1
George Petrie, “The Islands of Aran” (1822), quoted in Stokes,
The
Life
…
of
George
Petrie.
(I have rearranged and trimmed Petrie’s verbose text in this and the following excerpts.)

2
Ó Cillín,
op.
cit.

3
George Petrie (1822).

4
(Patrick O’Flaherty’s father) Personal communication from Pádraic Ó hEithir.

5
(Thompsons) Letter in
Galway
Vindicator
(1880).

6
Letter from Philip Lyster, quoted in Oliver Burke,
The
South
Islands
of
Aran
(Dublin, 1887).

7
J.M. Synge,
The
Aran
Islands.

8
For a mention of Wilde’s 1848 visit, see “Seven Churches and a Factory” in this volume.

9
(Patrick’s marriage) Information from Pádraic Ó hEithir, through Liam Mac Con Iomaire.

10
(song) See “An Ear to the Coffin” in this volume, and Powell,
Oile
áin
Árann.

11
(the
Breeze
)
Kilmurvey House documents.

12
(An Pocaide Bán) Information from Treasa Joyce, Cill Mhuirbhigh.

518 Máirtín Ó Direáin,
Ó
Mórna
agus
Dánta
Eile
(Dublin, 1957), also in
Dánta
1939
–
1979
(Dublin, 1980); my translation.

13
T.J. Westropp, “Notes on Connaught and Clare, especially Aran and Sligo” (1888), Trinity College Library ms 973, printed in
An
Aran
Reader.

14
M. MacMahon, “Macnamaras,” in
Dál gCais,
No. 11 (1993).

15
(Francis Macnamara) Nicolette Devas,
Two
Flamboyant
Fathers
(London, 1966), and information from Micheal MacMahon.

16
E. Œ. Somerville and Martin Ross,
Some
Irish
Yesterdays
(London, 1906).

17
(George Irwin O’Flaherty, and Fianna Fáil in Aran) Liam Mac Con Iomaire,
Agallamh
le
Pádraic
Ó
hEithir,
unpublished interview (Ennis, 1993).

18
Mairtín Ó Direáin,
Feamainn
Bhealtaine
(Dublin, 1961).

19
C.C. Vyvyan,
On
Timeless
Shores
(London, 1957).

20
Máirtín Ó Direáin, “Neamhionraic Gach Beo,”
Ceacht
an
Éin
(Dublin, 1979). See also “A Poet and His Village” in this volume.

1
(Balor) Dáithí Ó hÓgáin,
op.
cit.

2
W.Y. Evans Wentz,
The
Fairy
Faith
in
Celtic
Countries
(Oxford, 1911; Gerrard’s Cross, 1988).

3
Etienne Rynne, “Dun Aengus and some similar ceremonial centres,”
Decantations:
A
tribute
to
Maurice
Craig,
ed. Agnes Bernelle (Dublin, 1992).

4
The
Irish
Times
(21 April 1992).

5
See
Pilgrimage
for discussion of this idea from Thomas O’Rahilly,
Early
Irish
History
and
Mythology
(Dublin, 1946).

6
The
Discovery
Programme:
Strategies
and
Questions
(Dublin, 1992). I am grateful to Claire Cotter of the Discovery Programme for much information and guidance on this topic.

1
O’Donovan,
Ordnance
Survey
Letters.

1
H.G. Leask, “Finding of Whales’ Vertebrae in Clochan-na-
Carraige
, Inishmore, Aran, Co. Galway,” in
JRSAI,
Vol. 73 (1943).

2
Máirtín Ó Direáin,
Ó
Mórna
agus
Dánta
Eile
(Dublin, 1957); my translation.

1
Máirtín Ó Direáin, “Árainn 1947” in
Dánta
1939–1979
;
my translation, here and in the following poems.

2
D. Webb, “The Flora of the Aran Islands,” in
J
.
Life
Sciences,
2 (1965).

3
Máirtín Ó Direáin, “Dán an Tí,”
Ár
Ré
Dhearóil
(Dublin, 1962); also in
Dánta
1939–1979.

4
(drowning) Information from Éamonn Ó Tuathail.

5
Máirtín Ó Direáin, “In Aois na hÓige,”
Feamainn
Bhealtaine
(Dublin, 1961); my translation.

6
“Mothú Feirge” in
Dánta
1939–1979.

7
“Stoite” (uprooted), in
Dánta.

8
Tomás Mac Síomóin, “Bile a Thit,” in
Anios
(27 March 1988); my translation. See also the introduction to
Máirtín
Ó
Direáin,
Se
lected
Poems/Tacar
Dánta,
ed. Tomás Mac Síomóin and Douglas Sealy (Newbridge, 1984).

9
Máirtín Ó Direáin,
Feamainn
Bhealtaine.

10
“Berkeley” in
Clock
Chornéil
(Dublin, 1966); and in
Dánta.

11
(“Neamhionraic Gach Beo”) See also “The Big House” in this volume.

1
O’Donovan,
Ordnance
Survey
Letters.

2
John Waddell, “Kilcholan: an early ecclesiastical site on Inishmore, Aran,” in
JGAHS,
35 (1976).

3
T. J. Westropp, “A Study of the Early Forts and Stone Huts in Inishmore, Aran Isles, Galway Bay,” in
Proc.
RLA,
Vol. 28C (1910).

4
(Eoghanacht myths) T. F. O’Rahilly,
Early
Irish
History
and
My
thology
(Dublin, 1946; reprint 1984).

5
(Eoghan) D. Ó hÓgáin,
op.
cit.

6
Myles Dillon and Nora Chadwick,
The
Celtic
Realms
(London, 1973).

7
F.J. Byrne, “Eoghanacht Ninussa,” in
Éigse
(Spring 1958).

8
(Maol Dúin) Discussed and summarized in Alwyn and Brinley Rees,
Celtic
Heritage
(London, 1961). Text and translation by W. Stokes in
Revue
Celtique
IX and X.

1
Information from Éamonn Ó Concheanáinn, Eoghanacht.

2
John Waddell, “An Archaeological Survey of Temple Brecan, Aran,” in
JGAHS,
33 (1972–73).

3
Thomas H. Mason,
The
Islands
of Ireland
(London, 1936).

4
(high crosses) See “The Invisible Tower” in this volume.

5
John Waddell, “An Unpublished High Cross on Aran, County Galway,” in
JRSAI,
Vol. 111 (1981). Also, Sir S. Ferguson, “Clonmacnois, Clare and Arran,” Part II, in
Dublin
Univ.
Mag.
(April 1853).

6
(burial in “St. Brecán’s grave”) O’Donovan,
Ordnance
Survey
Letters.

7
(VII ROMANI) George Petrie,
The
Ecclesiastical
Architecture
of Ire
land
(2nd edition, Dublin, 1845).

8
R.A. S. Macalister, “The stone of the ‘Seven Romans’ on Aran Mor,” in
JRSAI,
43 (1913).

9
Peter Harbison,
Pilgrimage
in
Ireland
(London, 1991).

10
The poem is published and discussed in: Anne O’Sullivan, “Saint Brecán of Clare,” in
Celtica
,
15 (1983). I have slightly rearranged her prose translation to make it look like verse.

11
(Division of the island) See “On the Boundary” in this volume.

12
(factory)
Connacht
Tribune
(11 July 1975).