Six Miles to Charleston (2 page)

Suzann Brown and Karen Marr, Bulldog Tours, for their assistance and wealth of knowledge regarding the Old City Jail and John and Lavinia Fisher;

Charleston County Library (68 Calhoun Street, Charleston, SC 29401);

Dorchester County George H. Seago Jr. Library (76 Old Trolley Road, Summerville, SC 29485);

South Carolina Historical Society (100 Meeting Street, Charleston, SC 29401);

South Carolina Department of Archives and History (8301 Parklane Road, Columbia, SC 29223);

Lavinia Fisher (scary coincidence), Italy, for her assistance in researching a possible Italian connection to this legend and for also unnerving me with the strangest coincidence in writing this book;

Alessa Bertoluzzi, Summerville–Dorchester Museum, for rekindling my interest in Lavinia Fisher and her support in this endeavor;

Alkinoos “Ike” Katsilianos, Darkwater Paranormal Investigations, for his insight into the paranormal aspects of the case and discussions into the legitimate facts of the Fishers;

Linda Toporek, Realtor, for her help with property laws and information; and Kayla Orr, photography.

Introduction

L
OST IN
L
EGEND

Charleston, South Carolina, has such a wonderful and historic past. It has definitely made its mark on the history of this nation. From the very beginning, in 1670 with its original colony, through the first shots of the Civil War at Fort Sumter, to present day, it continues that tradition. Charleston is rich in heart, heritage and history.

Charleston is also rich in legend.

For every Revolutionary War hero, there is an equally despised British villain, and for every Civil War legend, there is a nasty nemesis—usually a Yankee. Within this city, there are a great number of skeletons in the closets—or in this case, in the cellar.

According to legend, John and Lavinia Fisher ran the Six Mile House, an inn on the outskirts of Charleston, South Carolina, in 1819. The couple worked as a criminal team; they are considered the predecessor of murderous couples such as Bonnie and Clyde, whose robbery spree in the 1930s left several dead, nine of them lawmen, or Gerald and Charlene Gallego, who murdered ten victims in the 1970s. Although their death count in legend is much higher, their methods are considered more along the lines of the geriatric couple, Ray and Faye Copeland, who were sentenced for murdering numerous transients who stopped at their farm seeking work. Ray Copeland, age seventy-six, and his wife Faye, age sixty-nine, were convicted of five murders and are believed to have been responsible for at least seven more.

As the legend has it, Lavinia Fisher lured in many guests with her seductive wiles, fed them a fine home-cooked dinner, and then sedated them with warm tea poisoned with oleander. Her husband, John, then robbed them in their sleep, murdered them, butchered them and then disposed of their bodies in the cellar of Six Mile House. It was not until one of their victims escaped, rode into town and alerted the Charleston authorities that their treachery was revealed. Between twenty to thirty victims were alleged to have been found in various states of decomposition in the cellar. Fisher and his wife were charged with those murders and hanged for their crimes.

Later Lavinia, in an effort to provoke sympathy, requested to be hanged in her wedding dress. As she stood on the gallows with her long white dress blowing in the breeze, her defiant last words were, “Cease! I will have none of it. Save your words for others that want them. But if you have a message you want to send to Hell, give it to me; I'll carry it.”

As the noose was placed around her neck, she leapt to her death to steal the privilege of her execution from the hangman. So the legend goes.

As a child, I first became acquainted with the legend of John and Lavinia Fisher in a book titled “Charleston Ghosts” by Margaret Rhett Martin. Her story, “The Wayfarer at Six Mile House,” quickly became my favorite. It also became a source of nightmares as those creepy skeletons managed to escape John and Lavinia's cellar and find their way under my bed at 3:00 a.m. After a few repeat performances, my father convinced my mother that Ms. Martin's book needed to be confiscated in their efforts to remedy the skeletons' nightly visits. She removed the book and saved me from becoming another of Lavinia's hapless victims—or one of my father's.

Many years passed; I grew up and entered the field of law enforcement. That career would bring me face to face with more than one decomposing corpse in the hot Charleston sun. No longer did the skeletons come to visit me by crawling out from under my bed at 3:00 a.m. I was often called to crawl out of my bed at that time to go visit them. I am now retired, and we both have a standing agreement not to visit each other at all. If they don't haunt me, I won't try to figure out who converted them to skeletons. I will leave that to South Carolina's finest.

Just like it did with me, the tale of the evil Lavinia Fisher and her murderous husband, John, has interested both the residents and visitors of Charleston, South Carolina, for the better part of two centuries now. There are as many versions of the tale as there are tour guides, but one thing is for certain: it is one of the longest lasting and enduring legends of the Lowcountry.

Much has been written about the legend of the pair and their association to an inn known as Six Mile House that existed just outside the city limits of Charleston in 1819. Most of what has been published is strictly legend. The stories are taken from accounts handed down from generation to generation for the past 190 years. With each telling, the story has been embellished just a little more until the actual events of the time were obscured by sensationalism. That is the fantasy of legend. The truth is that little is known of the facts pertaining to the Fishers or the events said to have occurred at Six Mile House.

I have read that Lavinia Fisher was the first female serial killer; the first woman executed in the United States; a witch; a seductress; the creator of a tea to
die
for; and apparently a fashion diva who was hanged in her wedding dress. I have read John Fisher was a coward, died like a dog and had to be dragged to the gallows. In the end, he put all the blame on Lavinia—so legend has it. I have read that as a husband and wife team the two robbed and murdered upward of twenty-plus people as the unsuspecting victims entered and left the city of Charleston conducting business in the wagon trade.

Factually, what is the truth behind the legend? Are there any records still in existence pertaining to the criminal case, and if they do exist, what story do those documents tell?

It is true Lavinia and John Fisher did exist and were associated with Six Mile House. They were arrested and eventually sentenced to death in the courts of Charleston. But what really happened?

It is my intention to separate the fact from fiction and allow the reader to draw one's own conclusion based on those facts—facts of the time in which they occurred. I have taken information from sources that existed at the time, eyewitness accounts, court documents and later sources that used accurate documentation. Some references used will be transcribed in their entirety. Article by article, note by note, bit by bit, a different story unfolded, and the legend of Six Mile House began to unravel. Slowly a different story emerges—a story based in fact.

Most people hear of the legend during haunted tours or ghost walks through the city; therefore, one cannot address the legend without first addressing the paranormal aspects of the story. Lavinia's ghost is supposed to haunt the Old City Jail at 21 Magazine Street and the Unitarian Church Cemetery on Archdale Street. I have been to both and have yet to encounter her. One would think that because I am writing a book about her it would merit a response, but, alas, she has digressed at being interviewed.

In 2006, I met Alessa Bertoluzzi, who reintroduced me to the legend of Lavinia. Alessa is affiliated with the Summerville–Dorchester Museum and has become a good friend and supporter of this book. At that time we were both members of a local paranormal group of which I had the dubious honor of being thrown out of. If you want to do a paranormal investigation, then you need to invite a seasoned, skeptical investigator—me. If you want to do a “ghost hunt,” take pictures of dust bunnies and call them orbs, record mouse sneezes and swear they are disembodied spirits speaking to you and automatically rubberstamp everything as “haunted,” then please do not invite me. I debunked their investigation, their photographs and their EVPs (electronic voice phenomenon), much to their horror, and was subsequently voted out of the group, much to my delight.

When it comes to the paranormal, I do have an active interest. I also have my own conclusions. Paranormal means something beyond the norm. When all normal avenues of an occurrence have been examined and are found not to be the cause, then a paranormal situation exists. Something other than normal conditions created the event. Paranormal does not equal ghost. Frankly, I have investigated those things, and to me, the jury is still out on them. I am not a ghost hunter. I am an investigator and a researcher. Investigations and research can be applied to all fields, including the paranormal. In fact, with that type of approach, many “hauntings” are debunked. True paranormal investigation is not ghost hunting. Ghost hunters believe that every orb is a spirit, and every place they visit is indeed haunted. Paranormal investigators explore all aspects. They are skeptical, and skepticism makes an excellent investigative tool. Not every orb is a ghost, and the phantom smell you are experiencing could very well be the burrito your partner had two hours earlier.

Along the way, I met Ike Katsilianos of Darkwater Paranormal Investigations. Ike is skeptical, but open-minded. He has a military background and is not too easily convinced that a ghost lurks behind every tombstone in Charleston. He asked me to become involved with his group in researching fact and separating it from fiction. It was something I had always done in criminal investigations, and it was very easy to adapt to the paranormal. Ike and I began to discuss some of the problems with many of the local legends. One of those discussions included the John and Lavinia Fisher legend and the probability that most of the truth of the case died with them. As an investigator, I felt that there had to be a paper trail. I don't care when the events occurred, the fact that a married couple who robbed and murdered their guests and were executed for it means it's going to be documented somewhere. There would be too much public interest for it not to be. There had to be reports; there had to be criminal records. Thus the quest for the Fisher facts began.

Although this is not an examination of the paranormal, I will admit more than one bizarre event has accompanied the research of this book. Many personal experiences occurred at the Old City Jail on my many trips there. Upward of ten thousand people are believed to have died on that spot, so if there is the possibility for a haunting that location is the candidate with the most qualifications.

The most bizarre experience with this book occurred one night while using the Internet in an effort to locate some overseas assistance in my research. The researcher was located and the information in regard to what I was looking for was forwarded. The next morning, the e-mail response was stunning. There is nothing stranger than waking up one morning, opening your e-mail and receiving a message from Lavinia Fisher. I actually spilled my coffee. My young newfound Italian friend (she looks remarkably lovely for someone who died almost two hundred years ago) did assist me in the information I requested; although it is a mere coincidence that the names are the same, one cannot help but concede that it is truly a bizarre one.

Again with that being said, this book is not an investigation into the paranormal. It is not my intention to prove or disprove that the ghost of Lavinia Fisher exists. I will leave that to Ike and others to do. This book has nothing to do with ghosts whatsoever. My intentions here are to reexamine all of the available information of the case that I could find and separate fact from fiction. Truth is what I had hoped to find. This book is a step-by-step documentation of what transpired at Six Mile House, what was occurring during the time of this event and what happened in the aftermath.

What began as a part-time project for a retired criminal investigator turned into a three-year endeavor into the facts of the case. One article would reveal a name that would lead to another record that would lead to another archive, etc., etc. That is what happens in an investigation. One piece of evidence points to the next. One witness account is corroborated by another, and on and on the process goes until the investigator begins to see a picture of the events as they unfolded. Eventually the truth gets sifted and separated from what has been created and fabricated. That is what happened here, and to be frank, I was surprised at the results. As I combed old newspapers, microfiche and archives searching for records, a different story began to emerge. It was a story far different from the one I had read so many years ago as a child or even the ones I debated with my friends as an adult.

In 1819, a crime was alleged to have been committed by the Fishers. An arrest was made; a case was formed; a trial occurred where a verdict was rendered; a sentence was passed; and a punishment was executed. That is what occurred. That chain of events is exactly what should occur in any criminal investigation regardless of the time—1819 is no different than today. That is the path justice should follow regardless. This book will review what transpired in this case from the incident to the punishment based on the facts at hand.

What started as a curious hobby researching two vile murderers eventually turned into an investigation that completely changed my mind in regard to what actually happened. It is my hope that you too will take what is revealed here through actual accounts and separate the fact from the fiction. I hope that this book actually reveals the truth of Six Mile House and the story of John and Lavinia Fisher will no longer be lost in legend.