Ostkrieg (138 page)

Sauer, Karl Otto,
426

Saxony,
465
,
468

Schirwindt,
430

Schlieffen Plan,
74

Schmidt, Paul,
8
–9

Schmidt, Rudolf (General),
147
,
208
,
313

Schmundt, Rudolf (General),
36
,
203
–4,
281
,
396

Schörner, Ferdinand (General),
397
,
432
–34,
445
,
447

Schubert, Helmut,
256

Schwerin von Krosigk, Lutz.
See
Krosigk, Lutz Schwerin von

Schwerpunkt
,
xvii
,
28
,
53
,
56
,
84
,
125
,
243
,
252
,
276
,
344
,
381
,
387
,
407
–8,
410
,
412
,
429
,
461
,
486

scorched-earth policy (German),
206
,
372
,
374
,
455
,
457

SD (Sicherheitsdienst [Security Service]),
xvii
,
13
,
70
,
103
,
107
–9,
135
–36,
171
,
178
,
325
,
331
,
359
,
428
,
431
,
449
,
479

SD2 fragmentation bombs (devil's eggs),
243
–44

Sea Lion, Operation,
38

Sea of Azov,
323
,
365
,
370

second front,
234
–35,
268
,
277
,
299
,
325
,
337
–39,
342
,
366
,
399
–400,
475

security troops (German),
333

security troops (Soviet),
269

Seelow,
463
–64

Seelow Heights,
459
,
462

Sejm River,
144
,
154

Serafimovich,
285

Serock bridgehead,
444

Sevastopol,
164
,
241
,
245
–47,
264
,
268
,
291
,
398

Severnaya Bay,
246

Seydlitz-Kurzbach, Walter von (General),
213
,
301
,
312

Shaposhnikov, Boris (Marshal),
248
–49

Shirer, William L.,
1
,
34
,
40

Shlisselburg,
146

shortages.
See
German army: logistic problems; Red Army: logistics

Siberia,
62
,
108
,
115
,
162
,
174
,
186
,
200
,
256
,
327

Sicily,
350
–52,
469

Sickle Cut, Operation (Sichelschnitt),
27
–28,
54
,
433

Siemens,
260

Silesia,
38
–39,
260
,
429
,
441
,
444
–45,
447
–49,
456
,
460

Simonov, Konstantin,
274
,
467

Sinelnikovo,
370

slave labor (German).
See
forced labor

Slavs

Nazi racial policy toward,
62
,
93
,
178
,
225
,
256
,
259
,
506
n64

viewed as subhuman,
7
,
18
,
44
,
69
–70,
91
,
106
,
170
,
254
,
476

See also
forced labor; Generalplan Ost; hunger policy; Lebensraum

Slovenia,
256

Slutsk,
86

Smolensk,
86
–88,
113
,
120
–30,
133
,
140
,
149
,
152
,
200
,
207
,
219
,
326
,
360
,
368
–69,
450
,
476
,
484

Sobibor,
177
,
181
,
253
,
361
.
See also
concentration camps

social Darwinism.
See
Hitler

Sodenstern, George von (General),
143
,
184

Somme, Battle of,
420

Sonnenwende, Operation,
448

Soviet Union

armaments production,
12
,
41
,
59
,
81
–82,
115

civilians: evacuated by Germans,
369
,
372
–74 (
see also
forced labor); German use of forced labor (
see
forced labor); Soviet use of to build fortifications,
157
,
186

climate (
see
mud;
rasputitsa;
weather)

economic importance to Germany,
40
–41,
58
–62,
82
–83,
127

foreign policy of (
see
Stalin)

German atrocities in (
see
Einsatzgruppen; Final Solution; Generalplan Ost; German army; Germany: occupation policy; hunger policy; Jews)

German invasion of (
see
Barbarossa)

German racial policies in (
see
Final Solution; Generalplan Ost; Germany: occupation policy; hunger policy; Lebensraum)

German treatment of civilians (
see
Generalplan Ost; Germany: occupation policy; hunger policy)

German transportation difficulties in (
see
German army: logistics; mud;
rasputitsa
; weather)

Hitler's plans for “living space” (
see
Generalplan Ost; Lebensraum)

Hitler's views of (
see
Bolshevism; Hitler)

and hunger policy (
see
hunger policy)

impact of war on,
xxii
,
94
,
214
,
230
,
238
,
305
,
333
–34,
369
–71,
471
,
481

and Lend-Lease,
184
,
230
,
305
,
471
,
535
n78

manganese mines,
371
,
379

NKVD (secret police),
157
,
269

Non-Aggression Pact with Germany,
9
,
19
,
25
,
32
,
36
,
45
,
50

oil in (
see
oil)

partisan war (
see
German army; partisans)

prisoners of war (
see
Red Army: prisoners of war)

relocation of industry,
115

and resettlement of Volga Germans,
174

Russian nationalism,
273
–75

and Soviet patriotism,
273
–75

State Defense Committee,
156
–57

tank production,
90
,
115
,
189
–90,
230
,
238
,
305
,
367

use of Germans as forced labor,
451

and Western allies (
see
Stalin)

See also
Red Army; Stalin; Stavka

Spain,
38
,
44
,
46
–48

Speer, Albert

and aircraft industry,
334
–35,
401
–2,
426

and Allied bombing of Germany,
330
–31,
363
,
402

and armaments production,
228
–30,
239
,
260
,
328
,
366
,
401
–2,
421
,
426
–27,
440
,
459
,
472

and cooperation with Himmler,
331
,
334
–35

and establishment of “rings,”
229

and Final Solution,
219

and forced labor,
334
–36

and Hitler,
3
,
228
,
268
,
279
,
399
,
424
,
434
,
527
n45

physical breakdown,
336

plans for preservation of post-war economy,
455
–56

at Posen (October 1943),
335

and rationalization of war economy,
228
–30,
239
,
260
,
328

and scorched earth (Germany),
456
–57

and self-responsibility concept,
229

succeeds Todt,
228

and total war mobilization,
328
–30,
334
–36,
423
–26

and war,
233

Zentrale Planung,
229

Spree River,
461
,
464

Spring Awakening, Operation,
438

SS (Schutzstaffel)

Central Resettlement Office,
255

clashes with Hans Frank,
19
,
21
,
65
,
73
,
180
,
258
–59

Economic and Administrative Main Office (WVHA),
260
–61

economic empire,
65
,
259
–61,
334
–35,
364
,
426

Waffen-SS,
103
,
384
,
399
(
see also
Armies; Corps; Divisions)

See also
Einsatzgruppen; Final Solution; Generalplan Ost; Heydrich; Himmler; hunger policy

“Stab in the back” myth (
Dolchstoss
),
69
,
474
,
480
,
487

Stahlecker, Franz Walter,
94
,
97
,
111

Stalin, Joseph

and Bagration,
406
–8,
418

and Barbarossa,
84
–86,
89
,
124
,
140
,
508
n17

and battle for Kiev,
140
–45

and Berlin offensive,
458
,
460
–66,
468
–69

and Blau,
264
–66,
273
,
276

and counterattack at Moscow,
200
,
207
,
210
–12,
214

and defense of Moscow,
148
,
156
–58,
186
–87,
200

deportation of Volga Germans,
174

fear of Allied-German separate peace,
458
,
466
,
468

foreign policy,
29
,
32
,
37
–38,
40
–41,
45
,
48
–49,
73
,
475

and the Hess affair,
79

and Hitler,
32
,
38
,
66
,
75
,
78
,
90
–91,
110
,
131
,
155
–56,
231
,
300
,
475
–76,
484

and Lend-Lease,
184
,
230
,
305
,
471
,
535
n78

and mobilization of USSR,
xxiii
,
12
,
23
,
54
,
75
,
81
,
115
,
148
,
230
–31,
336
,
357
,
401
,
455
,
472
,
486
,
508
n8

and offensive (spring 1942, Kharkov),
248
–52

and offensive (summer 1943),
348
,
356
–57

and offensive (winter 1942–1943),
323
–24

and offensive (autumn-winter 1943–1944),
369
–70,
382
,
391
–92

and Operation Jupiter,
304

and Operation Little Saturn,
315
–16

and Operation Mars,
304

and Operation Saturn,
xvi
,
304
,
316

and Operation Uranus,
xvii
,
292
,
303
–4,
306

and Order No.
227
(“Not one step back”),
273
,
281
,
405

and Order No.
270
(1941),
141

and partisan war,
98
,
332

pre-invasion strategy,
78
–80

and purge of Red Army,
44
,
367

and the Reichel affair,
264

and separate peace with Germany,
131
,
157
,
184
,
300
,
325

and Stalingrad,
287
–91,
303

and Stavka,
264
,
324
,
423
,
458
,
460
(
see also
Stavka)

as Supreme Commander,
75
,
84
,
89
,
124
,
140
,
210
,
212
,
214
–15,
244
,
247
–49,
264
,
276
,
323
–25,
348
,
356
,
370
,
406
–8,
422
–23,
431
,
462

and Vistula-Oder operation,
441
–42,
447
–48,
551
n13