Margaret Thatcher: The Authorized Biography (152 page)

124
.
Reed,
At the Abyss
, p. 227.
125
.
NSDD 32, 20 May 1982, cited in Peter Schweizer,
Reagan’s War: The Epic Story of his Forty-Year Struggle and Final Triumph over Communism
, Doubleday, 2002, pp. 154–5.
126
.
Interview with Roger Robinson.
127
.
Coles to PM, 12 Feb. 1982, Prime Minister’s Papers, USA: Visits to UK by Presidents of the US (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
128
.
Ibid.
129
.
Whitmore to Fall, 11 Mar. 1982, Prime Minister’s Papers, USA: Visits to UK by Presidents of the US (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
130
.
Whitmore to Halliday, 15 Mar. 1982, Prime Minister’s Papers, USA: Visits to UK by Presidents of the US (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
131
.
221706z Mar 82, ‘Presidential Visit to London: Thatcher decision on venue for speech’, 22 Mar. 1982, UK (09/01/1981–03/31/1982) [4], Box 20, Exec Sec, NSC: Country File, Reagan Library.
132
.
Henderson telegram no. 948, 18 Mar. 1982, Prime Minister’s Papers, USA: Visits to UK by Presidents of the US (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
133
.
Reagan,
The Reagan
Diaries
, 24 May 1982, p. 86.
134
.
Interview with Jim Hooley.
135
.
Ronald Reagan: Address to Members of the British Parliament, 8 June 1982, The Public Papers of the Presidents, The American Presidency Project, University of California.
136
.
Speech at lunch for US President, 8 June 1982 (
http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/104957
).
137
.
Text of speech at lunch for US President, 8 June 1982, Prime Minister’s Papers, USA: Visits to UK by Presidents of the US (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
138
.
Haig to Reagan, 8 June 1982, UK (04/01/1982–07/31/1982) [6], Box 20, Exec Sec, NSC: Country File, Reagan Library.
139
.
Thatcher,
The Downing Street Years
, p. 244.
140
.
Interview with Sir Clive Whitmore.
141
.
250049z Jun 82, ‘Official-Informal: Thatcher Visit’, 25 June 1982, released by the US State Department under FOIA Case #200600789.
142
.
Interview with Judge William Clark.
143
.
Interview with Thomas Niles.
144
.
Interview with Bud McFarlane.
145
.
Interview with Sir Clive Whitmore.
146
.
See Hansard, HC Deb 1 July 1982 (
http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/104986
).
147
.
Thatcher to Reagan, 30 July 1982, UK: Prime Minister Thatcher, Box 35, Exec Sec, NSC: Head of State File, Reagan Library.
148
.
Interview with Roger Robinson.
149
.
Interview with George Shultz.
150
.
Ibid.
151
.
George Shultz,
Turmoil and Triumph: My Years as Secretary of State
, Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1993, p. 141.
152
.
Interview with Sir Rodric Braithwaite.
153
.
Thatcher to Reagan, 12 Nov. 1982, THCR 3/1/26.
154
.
Draft condolence letter, 10 Nov. 1982, Prime Minister’s Papers, Deaths: The Death of President Brezhnev (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).

1
.
Papers relating to the compilation of Lady Thatcher’s memoirs, The Thatcher Papers, Churchill College, Cambridge, THCR 4/3.
2
.
Ibid.
3
.
Interview with Lady Colnbrook.
4
.
Interview with Lord Gowrie.
5
.
Interview with Lord Armstrong of Ilminster.
6
.
THCR 4/3.
7
.
Ibid.
8
.
Ibid.
9
.
Private information.
10
.
Note, 8 June 1979, The National Archives (TNA): Public Record Office (PRO) PREM 19/80.
11
.
Hunt to PM, 4 May 1979, TNA: PRO PREM 19/80.
12
.
Cartledge to Lever, 10 May 1979, TNA: PRO PREM 19/79.
13
.
O’Neill to Carter, 22 June 1979, UK 3–7/79, Box 77, NSA: Country File UK, Carter Library, Atlanta GA.
14
.
Alexander to Walden, ‘Prime Minister’s Visit to the United States’, 19 Dec. 1979, TNA: PRO FCO 82/991.
15
.
Note of conversation between Atkins and PM, 23 Aug. 1979, TNA: PRO PREM 19/80.
16
.
Paisley to PM, 11 June 1979, TNA: PRO PREM 19/80.
17
.
Interview with Sir Kenneth Stowe.
18
.
Note of discussion, 28 Aug. 1979, TNA: PRO PREM 19/81.
19
.
Pattison to Pilling, 28 Aug. 1979, TNA: PRO PREM 19/79.
20
.
Atkins to PM, 31 Aug. 1979, TNA: PRO PREM 19/79.
21
.
Note of meeting between Thatcher and Lynch, 5 Sept. 1979, TNA: PRO PREM 19/79.
22
.
Note of plenary meeting, 5 Sept. 1979, TNA: PRO PREM 19/79.
23
.
Interview with Dermot Nally.
24
.
Hunt to PM, 16 Oct. 1979, TNA: PRO PREM 19/82.
25
.
Gow to PM, 27 Nov. 1979, TNA: PRO PREM 19/83.
26
.
Ian Gow, note on Utley note, Nov. 1979 (undated), THCR 2/6/2/116.
27
.
Interview with Sir Kenneth Stowe.
28
.
Stowe record of meeting with Powell, 15 Apr. 1980, TNA: PRO PREM 19/280.
29
.
Interview with Sir Kenneth Stowe.
30
.
Whitelaw to PM, 30 Apr. 1980, TNA: PRO PREM 19/280.
31
.
Interview with Sir Kenneth Stowe.
32
.
Lever to Alexander, 1 Apr. 1980, TNA: PRO PREM 19/283.
33
.
Interview with Sean Aylward.
34
.
Frank Dunlop,
Yes, Taoiseach
, Penguin, 2004, p. 209.
35
.
Interview with Noel Dorr.
36
.
Interview with Dermot Nally.
37
.
Haydon telegram, 27 May 1980, TNA: PRO PREM 19/283.
38
.
Interview with Lord Gowrie.
39
.
THCR 4/3.
40
.
Whitelaw to PM memo, 5 June 1980, TNA: PRO PREM 19/280.
41
.
Ibid.
42
.
OD minutes, 10 June 1980, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: The Situation in Northern Ireland (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
43
.
Ibid.
44
.
Stowe to Sanders, 12 Aug. 1980, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: The Situation in Northern Ireland (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
45
.
Haughey to PM, 23 Oct. 1980, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Hunger Strike at the Maze Prison (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
46
.
Sir Robert Armstrong, Cabinet Secretary’s notebooks, 23 Oct. 1980.
47
.
Amstrong to PM, 7 Nov. 1980, TNA: PRO PREM 19/282.
48
.
Ibid.
49
.
Armstrong to Alexander, 24 Nov. 1980, TNA: PRO PREM 19/282.
50
.
Haughey meeting with Thatcher, 1 Dec. 1980, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Meetings with the Taoiseach (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
51
.
Record of conversation between Haughey and Thatcher, 8 Dec. 1980, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Meetings with the Taoiseach (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
52
.
The account that follows, unless otherwise stated, is based on private information.
53
.
Interview with Sir Kenneth Stowe.
54
.
Ibid.
55
.
THCR 4/3.
56
.
Interview with Sir Kenneth Stowe.
57
.
Interview with Sean O’Callaghan.
58
.
THCR 4/3.
59
.
Interview with Sean Aylward.
60
.
Briefing paper on UK objectives, 25 Nov. 1980, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Meetings with the Taoiseach (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
61
.
Record of conversation between Haughey and Thatcher, 8 Dec. 1980, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Meetings with the Taoiseach (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
62
.
Figg to Alexander, 9 Dec. 1980, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Meetings with the Taoiseach (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
63
.
Dunlop,
Yes, Taoiseach
, p. 216.
64
.
Figg to Alexander, 9 Dec. 1980, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Meetings with the Taoiseach (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
65
.
THCR 4/3.
66
.
Irish Times
, 13 Dec. 1980.
67
.
Alexander to Lyne, Mar. 1981, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Meetings with the Taoiseach (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
68
.
Interview with Dermot Nally.
69
.
Armstrong to PM, 18 Dec. 1980, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Meetings with the Taoiseach (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
70
.
Ibid.
71
.
Whitmore to PM, 19 Dec. 1980, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Meetings with the Taoiseach (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
72
.
Interview with Lord Armstrong of Ilminster.
73
.
Interview with Sir Kenneth Stowe.
74
.
Interview with Sir Robert Wade-Gery.
75
.
Ibid.
76
.
Joint Study Terms of Reference, 27 Jan. 1981, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Meetings with the Taoiseach (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
77
.
Gow note of Powell meeting with PM, 10 Feb. 1981, THCR 2/6/2/116.
78
.
Wade-Gery to Armstrong, 12 Mar. 1981, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Hunger Strike at the Maze Prison (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
79
.
Alexander to Walden, 19 Mar. 1981, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Hunger Strike at the Maze Prison (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
80
.
PM note, 3 May 1981, attached to Joint Studies drafts of 28 April 1981, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Hunger Strike at the Maze Prison (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
81
.
Atkins to PM, 23 Feb. 1981, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Hunger Strike in the Maze Prison (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
82
.
Interview with Sean O’Callaghan.
83
.
Speech in Belfast, 5 Mar. 1981 (
http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/104589
).
84
.
Armstrong to Sanders, 22 Apr. 1981, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Hunger Strike in the Maze Prison (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
85
.
Ibid.
86
.
Atkins telephone conversation with PM, 25 April 1981, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Hunger Strike in the Maze Prison (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
87
.
Record of meeting between Hume and PM, 13 May 1981, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Hunger Strike in the Maze Prison (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
88
.
Record of meeting with Foot and PM, 14 May 1981, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Hunger Strike in the Maze Prison (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
89
.
B. Ingham to C. Whitmore, 19 May 1981, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Hunger Strike in the Maze Prison (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
90
.
Interview with Sir Robert Wade-Gery.
91
.
Armstrong to PM, 19 May 1981, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Hunger Strike in the Maze Prison (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
92
.
Alexander to Boys Smith, 27 May 1981, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Hunger Strike in the Maze Prison (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
93
.
Atkins, ‘Northern Ireland: The Need for Movement’, 12 June 1981, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: The Situation in Northern Ireland (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
94
.
Armstrong to PM, 17 June 1981, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Hunger Strike in the Maze Prison (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
95
.
Comm. Brownie [Adams] from Bik, 29 June 1981, quoted in David Beresford,
Ten Men Dead: The Story of the 1981 Irish Hunger Strike
, HarperCollins, 1987, pp. 272–3.
96
.
The most bitter disputes in this respect have taken place between Republicans themselves: see
Irish Times
, 31 December 2011, and
Belfast Telegraph
, 3 January 2012.
97
.
Rickett to Boys Smith, 3 July 1981, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Hunger Strike in the Maze Prison (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
98
.
Ibid.
99
.
For a full account of this see Padraig O’Malley,
Biting at the Grave: The Irish Hunger Strike and the Politics of Despair
, Beacon Press, 1990, pp. 90–91.
100
.
Record of telephone conversation between Alison and PM, 4 July 1981, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Hunger Strike in the Maze Prison (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
101
.
O’Malley,
Biting at the Grave
, p. 93.
102
.
Sunday Times
, 5 Apr. 2009.
103
.
Record of telephone conversation, 6 July 1981, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Hunger Strike in the Maze Prison (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
104
.
Message to be sent through the Channel, 6 July 1981, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Hunger Strike in the Maze Prison (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
105
.
Rickett to Boys Smith, 7 July 1981, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Hunger Strike in the Maze Prison (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
106
.
Whitmore to Boys Smith, 8 July 1981, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Hunger Strike in the Maze Prison (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
107
.
Brownie from Bik, 7 July 1981, see Beresford,
Ten Men Dead
, pp. 295–6.
108
.
Interview with Sean O’Callaghan.
109
.
Ibid.
110
.
Alexander to Boys Smith, 14 July 1981, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Hunger Strike in the Maze Prison (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
111
.
THCR 4/3.
112
.
Note for the record, 18 July 1981, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Hunger Strike in the Maze Prison (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
113
.
Ibid.
114
.
Boys Smith to Alexander, 21 July 1981, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Hunger Strike in the Maze Prison (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
115
.
Interview with Dermot Nally.
116
.
Interview with Stephen Boys Smith.
117
.
Interview with Sean O’Callaghan.
118
.
Interview with Lord Prior.
119
.
Ibid.
120
.
Irish Times
, 30 December 2011.
121
.
Gow to PM, 6 Oct. 1981, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Hunger Strike in the Maze Prison (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
122
.
Ibid.
123
.
Ibid.
124
.
Interview with Lord Prior.
125
.
Interview with Sean O’Callaghan.
126
.
THCR 4/3.
127
.
Ibid.
128
.
Ibid.
129
.
Armstrong to Alexander, 4 Nov. 1981, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Meetings with the Taoiseach (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
130
.
Alexander to PM, 4 Nov. 1981, Prime Minister’s Papers, Ireland: Meetings with the Taoiseach (document consulted in the Cabinet Office).
131
.
Interview with Sir David Goodall.
132
.
Interview with Lord Lawson of Blaby.
133
.
Gow to PM, 29 Oct. 1981, THCR 2/6/2/115.
134
.
See Garret FitzGerald,
All in a Life
, Macmillan, 1991, p. 382.
135
.
Hansard, HC Deb 10 Nov. 1981 (
http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1981/nov/10/anglo-irish-bilateral-talks
).
136
.