Last Child in the Woods: Saving Our Children From Nature-Deficit Disorder (48 page)

Foxfire Magazine
,
209

France,
120

Franklin, Benjamin,
71
–72,
84
–85,
95

Freud, Sigmund,
292
–293

friendship,
51
,
78
–79

frontier, closing of the,
2
,
17
,
18
,
274

Frost, Robert,
7

Frumkin, Dr. Howard,
46
,
48
,
53
–54

“Gaining Ground,”
219
–220

Gap,
257

Garden Cities movement,
284

gardens and gardening,
174
–175,
215
–217,
255
,
258
–260

play gardens,
262
–263

therapeutic value of,
44
–45,
46
,
53

Gardner, Howard,
72
–73,
74
,
203

genetic engineering,
3
,
21
–22,
23
,
279

Germany,
120

“Gilded Butterflies,”
91

Gilliam, Frank,
128

Gill the Fish,
195

Gilmore Farms, British Columbia,
285

Gingrich, Newt,
241

Ginsburg, Kenneth R.,
120

girls and outdoor play,
83
–84

Girl Scouts,
153
–156

global positioning system (GPS) locator bracelet,
129

global warming,
311

Goodall, Jane,
90
,
137

Gorman, Paul,
299
–303

Göteborg, Sweden,
253

Gould, Stephen Jay,
303

government restrictions, natural outdoor play and,
29

Grano, Jared,
69
–70

Great Plains

loss of population,
274
–275,
276

resettling of,
278
–280,
281

green design of urban areas,
25
–26,
250
–270,
272

for children,
261
–267

greenprinting,
265
–267

“greenroofs,”
252
,
257
,
258
–259

Green Urbanism: Learning from European Cities
(Beatley),
25
–26,
251

Grobarek, Jackie,
211
–212

“Grounds for Action,”
219
–220

Guardian
(London),
87

“Guerilla Gatherers, The,”
196

Gurian, Michael,
103

Guthrie, Woody,
86

Haginoya, Keiki,
33

Hand, The
(Wilson),
67

Haring, Lauren,
51
–52

Hariri, Gisue and Mojgan,
60

Hartig, Terry A.,
104
–105

health and contact with nature,
2
,
3
,
35
,
43
,
44
–49,
120
,
156
,
159
,
166
,
247
,
265
,
276
,
286
,
309
,
311
,
312

mental,
see
mental health

heart disease, pets and,
45

Helsinki, Finland, green space in,
252
–253

Henderson, Lynn,
129

Hepworth, Barbara,
87

Hermann, Richard,
52
–53

Heschel, Abraham Joshua,
291
–292

Het Groene Dak (The Green Roof),
252

Hirshberg, Jerry,
97

Hocker, Ann Pearse,
228
–229

Hofferth, Sandra,
34

Hoffman, Edward,
292
–294,
305

Homestead Act,
282

Honachefsky, William B.,
264

horticulture therapy movement,
45

Houck, Mike,
256

Howard, Ebenezer,
283
–284

Howard, Philip K.,
241

Hubbell, James,
232
–233,
308
–309

Hudson River Foundation,
214

Human Relationship with Nature, The
(Kahn),
50

hunter-gatherers,
43
,
196

hunting,
24
,
191
,
194
,
195

Huntington Beach Adventure Playground,
263

Huxley, Thomas,
133

hyperactivity,
see
Attention Deficit Hyper-activity Disorder (ADHD)

imagination,
166
,
225

play in natural settings and,
48
,
87
,
88
,
94
–95,
97

Institute for Child and Adolescent Development,
53

insurance, liability,
241

intelligences, multiple,
72
,
203

naturalist intelligence (“nature smart”),
71
–85,
203

International Association for the Child’s Right to Play,
116
,
261

International Center for Technology Assessment,
21

Internet,
60
,
66
,
97
,
119
,
137

Internet Addiction (IA),
66

Iowa,
275

Ireland,
35

Irvine Adventure Playground,
263
–264

Israel,
33

Jackson, Wes,
277
–280

Jacksonville, Florida,
265
–266

James, William,
103
,
293

Japan,
33
,
120

Jefferson, Thomas,
275

Jensen, Jens,
260

Joan of Arc,
90

John Paul II, Pope,
300

Johns, John,
182

Johnson, Andrea,
56

Johnson, Dirk,
274

Jolly, Linda,
221

journaling, nature,
198

Journal of the American Medical Association
,
47

Jung, Carl,
293

Kafka, Tina,
122
,
168
,
170
,
215
–216,
217

Kahn, Peter,
50

Kaiser Family Foundation,
119

Kansas City, Missouri,
262

Kansas State University,
45

Kaplan, Rachel and Stephen,
103
–104,
218

Karsten, Lia,
123

Katcher, Dr. Aaron,
45
–46

Kellert, Stephen,
124
,
230

Kennedy, John F., Jr.,
199
–200

Klaas, Marc,
183
–185

Kolodski, Joe,
130
,
131

Konars, Teri,
175
–176

Kramer, Kathryn,
167

Krutch, Joseph Wood,
235

Kuo, Frances,
88
–89,
105
–106,
107
,
108
,
109
,
110
,
179
,
229
,
312

Lancet
,
35

Land Institute,
277
–279

Lane, Margaret,
92

Lao-Tzu,
37

Lash, Joseph P.,
91

Lau, Alberto,
81
–82

Lau, Erin,
84

Lawrence, D. H.,
58
–59

Learning Grounds,
218

Learning through Landscapes,
218

“Leave No Child Inside Legal Defense Fund,”
243

leisure time,
119
–122

leisure time, reduction in,
31

Lekies, Kristi,
150

Leopold, Aldo,
136
,
198

Levin, Rabbi Martin,
291
–292

liability concerns,
see
litigation, fear of liability insurance coverage,
241

Lieberman, Gerald,
206
,
223

litigation, fear of,
30
–31,
99
,
154
,
239
,
247

park design and,
117

recreational use statutes,
237
–238

remedies for outdoor play,
237
–244

tort reform,
239
,
242
,
244
,
311

loneliness,
66
,
298

“loose-parts” theory,
87
,
96
,
97

Lorenz, Edward,
211

Los Angeles, California,
25
,
128

Los Angeles Times
,
149
,
248

Lust, John,
196

Luther Standing Bear,
123

Maclean, Norman,
191

Mall of America,
61

malls,
61
,
62
,
268
,
277
,
283

simulated nature in,
62

Malraux, André,
166

Manhattanville College,
34

Marx, Hugh,
191
–192

Maslow, Abraham,
293

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT),
21
,
60

Massachusetts Psychologist
,
53

Massey, David,
220

Matthiessen, Peter,
286

McAleer, Neil,
89
–90

McDonough, William,
251

McGovern, George,
241

McKibben, Bill,
4
,
68
,
301

Medco Health Solutions,
50

media

fear of nature and,
130
–131

portrayal of nature,
171

stranger danger and,
126
–128

Memories, Dreams, Reflections
(Jung),
293

Menninger, Carl,
45

mental health,
35
,
312

contact with nature and,
3
,
35
,
44
–52,
49
,
100
,
229
–230,
311

sedentary lifestyle and,
31

Merrill Lynch and Company,
138

Merriman, Todd,
59

Michigan State University,
45

microbiology,
3
,
41

Mike Two Horses,
24

Milstein, Michael,
148
,
149

Milton, John,
8

Minieri, Joan,
294
–295

missing children,
127
–128

Mitchell, John G.,
281

Mitchell, Joni,
270

MIT Press,
303
–304

molecular biology,
143
,
144

Monitor on Psychology
,
104
–105

Montessori movement,
73
,
209
,
262

Montgomery, M. R.,
15

Moore, Robin,
33
,
66
,
86
–87,
92
,
116
,
117
,
124
,
261

morality and ethics, nature as teacher of,
189
–200,
295
–296

Morra Park, Drachten, Netherlands,
251
–252

Morris, Edmund,
152

Morrow, Lance,
194

Mothering
,
197
–198

motor skills,
49

Muir, John,
72
,
90
,
133
,
136
,
161
,
198

Mulligan, Hugh A.,
64

multitasking,
119

Nabhan, Gary Paul,
210
,
303

names of flora and fauna, knowing the,
41
,
141
,
143

nanotechnology,
22
–23

Narayan, Madhu,
153
–156

Nasr, Seyyed Hossein,
303

National Council of Churches,
300
,
302

National Environmental Education and Training Foundation,
207

National Fish and Wildlife Foundation,
214

National Geographic
,
281

National Incidents Study of Missing Children,
127

National Institutes of Mental Health,
108

National Outdoor Leadership School,
230

national parks,
130

National Religious Partnership for the Environment,
300
,
303

National Scouting Museum,
155

National Teachers Association,
212

National Wildlife Federation,
209
,
218

natural history, study of,
3
,
41
,
135
,
139
–144,
224
–226

Naturalist
(Wilson),
151

Natural Remedy Bible, The
(Lust),
196

Natural Resources Defense Council,
258

nature, defining,
8
–9,
309

Nature Company,
60
–61

Nature Conservancy,
301

Nature Conservancy
,
300

nature-deficit disorder,
10
,
36
,
100
,
159

“nature smart” (naturalist intelligence),
203

indicators of,
73
–74

Necessity of Experience, The
(Reed),
65

Netherlands children’s contact with and knowledge of nature in,
33
–34

green design in,
251
–252,
253
–254

outdoor play in,
123

New England, farming in,
281

Newsweek
,
169