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Authors: Robert C. Knapp

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Plautus:
Roman writer of comedies (
c
. 254–184
BC
).
Pliny the Elder:
Roman political and military figure and polymath (
AD
23–79) who wrote the encyclopedic
Natural History.
Pliny the Younger:
Nephew of Pliny the Elder (
AD
61-
c
. 112). A political and cultural figure who wrote letters and a panegyric of the emperor Trajan.
Plutarch:
A member of the provincial elite from Boeotia (
c
.
AD
46–120) whose voluminous
Parallel Lives
and
Customs
survived antiquity and remained popular.
Priapeia:
An ancient, anonymous collection of ninety-five Latin poems centered around Priapus, the phallic god.
Publilius Syrus:
Born a slave (first century
BC
), he was freed and became a successful actor of mimes, as well as the author of a collection of Roman proverbs.
Satyricon:
A fragmentary tale of humorous, erotic, antiheroic adventures told in a mixture of prose and poetry. Petronius is usually accepted as the author. Many details reflect the reality of everyday life for ordinary Romans.
Seneca the Elder:
Roman lawyer and rhetorician (
c
. 54
BC–AD
39) originally from Spain, whose
Controversiae
are exemplary treatments of themes used in training orators.
Seneca the Younger:
Son of Seneca the Elder (
c
. 3
BC – AD
65) and a politically important literary figure and Stoic philosopher who wrote tragedies, essays, and philosophical treatises.
Strabo:
Greek geographer (
c
. 63
BC–AD
24).
Suetonius:
Roman polymath (
c
.
AD
70–130) and biographer of the early emperors, most of whose works do not survive.
Tacitus:
Roman historian (
c
.
AD
56–117) of the early empire.
Talmud:
A central Jewish text, this record of discussions regarding Jewish law and customs was compiled around
AD
500 from earlier material.
Terence:
Roman writer of comedies (
c
. 195/185–159
BC
). Born a slave, his plays do not seem to contain much evidence of his life in that condition.
Tertullian:
Christian intellectual (
c
.
AD
160–220) and a polemicist who wrote against heresies (although he himself ended up in one) and the polytheistic world around him.
Ulpian:
An important Roman legal authority (
c
.
AD
170–223) whose work constitutes about a third of the
Digest
material.
Valerius Maximus:
Roman rhetorician (first century
AD
) and writer whose
Memorable Deeds and Sayings
seems to be a compilation to provide grist for oratorical displays.
Varro:
Roman politician and intellectual (116–27
BC
) who wrote on many topics including Latin language and the management of agricultural estates. Most of his work is, however, lost.
Vegetiu
s: Roman military writer (fifth century
AD
) whose
On Military Affairs
is the only surviving complete ancient manual on that topic.
Xenophon of Ephesus:
Author of the Greek romance
An Ephesian Tale
(second to third centuries
AD
).

ABBREVIATIONS

 

AE

L’Année épigraphique
(Paris: Presses universitaires de France, 1888–)

Anderson

G. Anderson (trans.),
An Ephesian Tale
by Xenophon of Ephesus, in
Collected Ancient Greek Novels,
ed. B. P. Reardon (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1989)

Betz

H. D. Betz,
The Greek Magical Papyri in Translation,
2nd edn (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992)

BGU

Aegyptische Urkunden aus den Königlichen
(later
Staatlichen) Museen zu Berlin, Griechische Urkunden
(Berlin, 1895–)

Campbell

Brian Campbell,
The Roman Army 31 BC–AD 337: A Sourcebook
(London: Routledge, 1994)

Cary

E. Cary,
Dio’s Roman History,
with an English translation (New York: Macmillan; London: William Heinemann, 1914), Loeb Classical Library

CIL

Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum
(Berlin, 1863–)

Cohoon

J. W. Cohoon,
Dio Chrysostom,
with an English translation (New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons; London: William Heinemann, 1932), Loeb Classical Library

Conybeare

F. C. Conybeare,
The Life of Apollonius of Tyana, the Epistles of Apollonius and the Treatise of Eusebius,
with an English translation (New York: Macmillan; London: William Heinemann, 1912), Loeb Classical Library

Daly

Lloyd W. Daly (trans.),
Aesop without Morals: The Famous Fables, and a Life of Aesop
(New York: Yoseloff, 1961), quoted in Hansen,
Ancient Greek Popular Literature

Delacy and Einarson

Phillip H. Delacy and Benedict Einarson,
Plutarch’s Moralia,
with an English translation (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, 1959), Loeb Classical Library

Gager

John G. Gager,
Curse Tablets and Binding Spells from the Ancient World
(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992)

Gallant

Thomas W. Gallant,
Risk and Survival in Ancient Greece: Reconstructing the Rural Domestic Economy
(Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1991)

Hansen

William Hansen (ed.),
Anthology of Ancient Greek Popular Literature
(Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1998)

Harmon

A. M. Harmon,
Lucian,
with an English translation (New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons; London: William Heinemann, 1921), Loeb Classical Library

Horsley

G. H. R. Horsley,
New Documents Illustrating Early Christianity: A Review of the Greek Inscriptions and Papyri Published 1986–87
(North Ryde, N.S.W. : The Ancient History Documentary Research Centre, Macquarie University)

ILLRP

Attilio Degrassi,
Inscriptiones Latinae liberae rei publicae
(Firenze: La Nuova Italia, 1957–63)

ILS

Hermann Dessau,
Inscriptiones Latinae Selectae
(Berlin, 1892–1916)

ILTun

A. Merlin,
Inscriptions Latines de la Tunisie
(Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1944)

IPOstie

H. Thylander,
Inscriptions du port d’Ostie
(Lund: C. W. K. Gleerup, 1952)

Isaac

Benjamin Isaac,
The Limits of Empire: The Roman Army in the East
(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2nd edn, 1992)

ISIS

A. Helttula,
Le iscrizioni sepulcrali latrine nell’Isola sacra
(Rome: Institutum Romanum Finlandiae, 2007)

Jones

H. L. Jones,
The Geography of Strabo,
with an English translation (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, 1944), Loeb Classical Library

Karasch

Mary C. Karasch,
Slave Life in Rio de Janeiro, 1808–1850
(Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1987)

Kilburn

K. Kilburn,
Lucian,
with an English translation (New York: Macmillan; London: William Heinemann, 1913), Loeb Classical Library

Long

George Long,
The Discourses of Epictetus
(London: George Bell & Sons, 1877)

Luck

Georg Luck,
Arcana Mundi: Magic and the Occult in the Greek and Roman Worlds: A Collection of Ancient Texts
2nd edn (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2006)

MacLeod

M. D. MacLeod,
Lucian,
with an English translation (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press; London: William Heinemann, 1967), Loeb Classical Library

Malahide

Talbot de Malahide, ‘On the Longevity of the Romans in North Africa,’
Journal of the Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland
12 (1883), 441–8

M.Chr.

L. Mitteis and U. Wilcken,
Grundzüge und Chrestomathie der Papyruskunde, Juristischer Teil
(Leipzig and Berlin, 1912)

Morgan

J. R. Morgan (trans.),
An Ethiopian Story
by Heliodorus, in
Collected Ancient Greek Novels,
ed. B. P. Reardon (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1989)

Nelson

C. A. Nelson, ‘Receipt for Tax on Prostitutes,’
Bulletin of the American Society of Papyrologists
32 (1995), 23–33

Nutton

Vivian Nutton,
Galen, On Prognosis: Text, Translation, Commentary,
CMG V.8.1 (Berlin: Akademie Verlag, 1979)

O. Berl.

Ostraka aus Brussel und Berlin,
ed. P. Viereck (Berlin and Leipzig, 1922)

P. Brem.

Die Bremer Papyri,
ed. U. Wilcken (Berlin, 1936)

P. Mich.

Michigan Papyri
(Ann Arbor, 1931–)

P. Münch.

Die Papyri der Bayerischen Staatsbibliothek München
(Stuttgart, 1986)

P. Oxy.

Papyrus Oxyrhynchus,
published by the Egypt Exploration Society in
Graeco-Roman Memoirs
(London, 1898–)

Paton

W. R. Paton,
The Greek Anthology,
with an English translation (New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons; London: William Heinemann, 1918), Loeb Classical Library

Perrin

B. Perrin,
Plutarch: Parallel Lives,
with an English translation (New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons; London: William Heinemann, 1916), Loeb Classical Library

PG

J. P. Migne,
Patrologia Graeca
(Paris 1857–66)

PGM

Papyri Graecae Magicae,
2 vols., ed. K. Preisendanz, revised by A. Heinrichs (Stuttgart, 1973–4)

PSI

Papiri greci e latini,
Pubblicazioni della Società Italiana per la ricerca dei papiri greci e latini in Egitto (Florence, 1912–79)

Robert

L. Robert,
Les gladiateurs dans l’Orient grec
(Paris: Champion, 1940)

Rowlandson

Jane Rowlandson (ed.),
Women and Society in Greek and Roman Egypt: A Sourcebook
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998)

SB

Sammelbuch griechischer Urkunden aus Aegypten, 1915–

Waddell

Helen Waddell, in Ross S. Kraemer,
Maenads, Martyrs, Matrons, Monastics: A Sourcebook on Women’s Religions in the Greco-Roman World
(Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1988)

White

H. White,
Appian’s Roman History,
with an English translation (New York: Macmillan; London: William Heinemann, 1912–13), Loeb Classical Library

Whittaker

C. H. Whittaker,
Herodian: History of the Empire,
with an English translation (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1969; London: William Heinemann, 1969), Loeb Classical Library

Wiedemann

T. E. J. Wiedemann (ed.),
Greek and Roman Slavery: A Sourcebook
(London and New York: Routledge, 1990)

Winkler

J. J. Winkler (trans.),
Leucippe and Clitophon
by Achilles Tatius, in
Collected Ancient Greek Novels,
ed. B. P. Reardon (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1989)

WO

U. Wilcken (ed.),
Griechische Ostraka aus Aegypten und Nubien
(Leipzig and Berlin, 1899)

Yonge

Charles Duke Yonge (trans.),
The Works of Philo Judaeus, the Contemporary of Josephus, by Philo, of Alexandria
(London: H. G. Bohn, 1854–5)

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