| Citizen: concept of, 64;
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| concept of, in Middle Ages, 66-67;
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| idea of, 87
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| Citizenship: grants of Roman, 125;
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| Roman, 144;
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| Roman, granted as privilege, 179-80, 181;
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| at Rome, 109
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| Civic identity: as defined by state, 186;
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| determined by membership in polis, 11;
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| shifted by Stoics to cosmos, 17
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| Civic organization, at Rome, fundamentally military, 138
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| Civil service, in England, under Henry II, 53
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| Clapp, James Gordon, 84
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|