Goebbels: A Biography (116 page)

92.
TB, 13 April, 5 and 9 May 1934.

93.
TB, 20 and 22 November 1934.

94.
TB, 22 November 1934.

95.
TB, 24 November 1934.

96.
TB, 12 January 1935.

97.
See, for example, 21 April 1938, after the premiere of the Olympia film, 16 June 1937, and 15 June 1938, reception for the Berlin “Old Guard.” See also Stephan,
Goebbels
, 73ff.

98.
TB, 14 February 1935, 23 February 1937, 20 February 1938.

99.
TB, 29 November 1936 and 28 November 1937

100.
TB, 17 March 1937 (planning) and 27 November 1938, 1 March 1939.

101.
His colleagues are also unanimous on this: Schaumburg-Lippe,
Dr. G.
, 207; Oven,
Mit Goebbels bis zum Ende
, vol. 1, p. 45; Stephan,
Goebbels
, 73f.; Semmler,
Goebbels
, 16.

102.
BAB, R 55/23474, undated list.

103.
TB, 30 October, 12 November 1937.

104.
TB, 24 March, 28 June 1935 (concerning temporary accommodation in the Kaiserhof); on his preoccupation with plans, see also 6 January, 12 and 22 February 1935.

105.
TB, 28 June 1935.

106.
TB, 8 and 16 February 1935, 7 and 13 May 1935. See Winker,
Fernsehen unterm Hakenkreuz
.

107.
TB, 29 October 1934.

108.
TB, 16 February, 17 May 1935.

109.
Semmler,
Goebbels
, 77; Oven,
Mit Goebbels bis zum Ende, vol. 1
, p. 56.

110.
TB, 16 August 1926 and 4 January 1926 (quotation); on his continuing abstinence, see also 1 December 1926; Oven,
Mit Goebbels bis zum Ende
, vol. 1, p. 277f.; TB, 6 June 1944.

111.
TB, 24 March, 11 September on the removals.

112.
TB, 1 April 1935.

113.
Boat trips: 7, 11 (Berlin SA leaders and Hitler) and 13 May, 17 (Jenny Jugo and Countess Helldorf) and 21 April (Helldorfs), 21 May (Blombergs), 5 June (Helldorfs), 28 June (Hitler), 25 and 26 August, 3 September 1935.

114.
Akten der Reichskanzlei, Regierung Hitler
, vol. 2, Hartmannsgruber (ed.), no. 63, Ministerbesprechung vom 13. Dezember 1934, agreed on the Gesetz über den Nachfolger des Führers und Reichskanzlers of the same date. This provided the subsequent legal basis for Hitler’s decision of 7 December to appoint Göring as his successor (ibid., no. 58); TB, 15 December 1934.

115.
TB, 15 December 1934 and 4 January 1935.

116.
TB, 23 and 27 May 1935 on his throat problems. TB, 21 June 1935 on the diagnosis.

117.
TB, 31 January 1935.

118.
TB, 4 January 1935. See also the very similar entry of 14 April 1934.

119.
TB, 27 April 1935.

1.
In December 1933 Goebbels had already told the Polish ambassador, Lipski, of Hitler’s intention to sign a non-aggression pact with Poland; see TB, 19 December 1933, and Lipski’s note of 18 December 1933, published in Jedrzejewicz (ed.),
Papers and Memoirs of Jozef Lipski
, 112–15. On further meetings with Lipski on which Goebbels made positive comments, see TB, 2 February, 29 March 1934. On the press agreement, see Michels,
Ideologie
, 202f., 208f., 211f. PAA, Geheimakten 1920–1936, Polen, vol. 1, R 122848, letter to Aschmann, German Embassy Warsaw, 26 February 1934, concerning negotiations which took place on 23/24 February in Berlin between Aschman/Jahncke and the press chief of the Polish Foreign Ministry. They resulted in the press communiqué of 24 February. See also Michels,
Ideologie
, 214. Goebbels’s speech of 13 June in Warsaw, “Das nationalsozialistische Deutschland als Faktor des Europäischen Friedens,” PAA, Büro Reichsminister, R 28815. On the course of the Warsaw visit, see TB, 16 June 1934.

2.
TB, 7 May (Zweibrücken), 29 August 1935 (opening of the Saar exhibition in Cologne and speech in Koblenz), 13 December 1934 (Trier). On the activities of the Deutsche Front, see Paul, “
Deutsche Mutter—heim zu Dir!
” 62ff.; on the mass meetings outside the Saar, see 114ff.; see also Mühlen,
“Schlagt Hitler an der Saar!”

3.
This was revealed by the journalist Joachim von Leers, who was close to Goebbels, in the February edition of the RPL journal
Unser Wille und Weg
(“Die Lage,” 40–42). The event had been arranged under “pressure from a malicious propaganda
trying to create panic: “The craziest rumors about internal problems were being spread and it’s difficult for people to get to the truth; they were widely believed and passed on” (p. 40).

4.
TB, 4 January 1935 (here also the expression “declaration of loyalty”).

5.
TB, 6 January 1935.

6.
TB, 16 January 1935.

7.
VB
(B), 15 January 1935, “Der Dank des Führers an die Saar” (headline). On the day of celebration Goebbels spoke at the Königsplatz in Berlin in front of, he estimated, 600,000 people.
VB
(B), 16 January 1935, “Aufmarsch der 500,000. Dr. Goebbels zur Saar-Feier der Nation.”

8.
TB, 22 and 27 January 1935;
ADAP
C III, no. 463 Aufzeichnung Lammers, 19 January 1935 concerning the conversation of 25 January.

9.
Wiggershaus,
Der deutsch-englische Flottenvertrag vom 18. Juni 1935
, 261ff.; London communiqué of 3 February 1935 and German reply of 13 February 1935: Schwendemann,
Handbuch der Sicherheitsfrage und der Abrüstungskonferenz
, vol. 2, 787ff., 791ff.; TB, 2, 4, and 16 February 1935: “Reply to Paris and London: Willingness to negotiate. All doors are open. But nothing final. Now the others must do something.”

10.
TB, 6 March 1935 concerning 5 March. It referred to the
British White Paper on Defence
of 4 March 1935.

11.
TB, 8, 10, 22, and 24 March 1935.

12.
TB, 2 March 1935;
VB
(B), 2 March 1935, “Reichsminister Frick an die Deutschen der Saar” (repeating the points made in Goebbels’s speech); Hitler’s address:
Domarus I
, 484ff.; on the celebrations, see Reuth,
Goebbels
, 327.

13.
TB, 14 March 1935.
VB
(B), 12 March 1935, General Göring on the German air defenses (report on the
Daily Mail
interview). On the “uncovering” of the German Luftwaffe in March 1935, see Völker,
Die deutsche Luftwaffe 1933–1939
, 68ff.

14.
TB, 16 March 1935.

15.
TB, 18 March 1935.

16.
Der Angriff
, 19 March 1935.

17.
TB, 20 March 1935, and 22 March 1935.

18.
TB, 26 and 28 March 1935;
ADAP
C III, no. 555, Aufzeichnung über Gespräch des Führers und Reichskanzlers mit dem englischen Außenminister Simon am 25. März 1935 (including its continuation on 26 March 1935); Wiggershaus,
Flottenvertrag
, 292ff.

19.
TB, 1 April 1935.

20.
TB, 5 April 1935, and 7 April 1935: “It’s very serious. Raw materials crisis.”

21.
Petersen,
Mussolini
, 399ff. Stresa communiqué,
British and Foreign State Papers
, vol. 139, 756ff., 14 April 1935.

22.
TB, 5 May 1935. He already had concerns about the military pact on 17 April.

23.
TB, 7 April 1935.

24.
The cuts amounted to 3 percent in urban districts and 10 percent in rural districts. Further details in Sodeikat, “Der Nationalsozialismus und die Danziger Opposition.” See also Fuchs,
Die Beziehungen zwischen der Freien Stadt Danzig und dem Deutschen Reich
, 44ff.

25.
See observations in Longerich,
Politik der Vernichtung
, 70ff.; Kershaw,
Der Hitler-Mythos
, 96ff.

26.
TB, 12 March 1935.

27.
TB, 11 April, 11 and 17 May as well as 3 June 1934. On the further improvement in the relationship, see TB, 31 August, 25 October 1934, 4 and 25 January, 4, 8, and 16 February 1935.

28.
TB, 3 and 5 April 1935, and 9 April 1935.

29.
TB, 10 April 1933;
Der Angriff
, 10 April 1935, “Flugzeuggeschwader über Berlin begleiten Görings Hochzeitszug” (headline); further contributions on the wedding in the inside pages and in the edition of 11 April 1935.

30.
TB, 13 May 1935.

31.
TB, 15 May 1935.

32.
TB, 20 January 1934: “A conceited gossip. Can’t understand why Hitler values him. Possibly suitable for using in minor intrigues.”

33.
TB, 15 May 1935.

34.
TB, 21 May 1935.

35.
TB, 15 May 1935. See also 5 May 1935: “Mussolini requests Neurath via Cerutti [the Italian ambassador in Berlin, whose name was actually spelled Cerruti] to provide good weather. The German sword is once again casting its shadow.”

36.
Mattioli,
Experimentierfeld der Gewalt.
, esp. 55ff.; Petersen,
Mussolini
, 385.

37.
PA
1935, 74 (12 February): “Der abbessinisch-italienische Streitfall soll ‘mit brutaler Desinteressiertheit’ und völligster Objektivität behandelt werden.” Further bans on criticism:
PA
1935, p. 94 (19 February, p. 113 (27 February); p. 245 (29 April), p. 320 (25 May). See also Petersen,
Mussolini
, 391.

38.
Petersen,
Mussolini
, 112; Kershaw,
Hitler. 1889–1936
, 555f.;
Domarus I
, 505ff.

39.
TB, 25 and 27 May 1935.
ADAP
C IV, no. 109, Rome embassy to the AA, 26 May 1935; Nos 120 and 121; Ambassador v. Hassel to the AA, 30 and 31 May 1935.

40.
PA
1935, p. 320.

41.
TB, 4 June 1935. On the Anglo-German Naval Agreement, see Hildebrand,
Das vergangene Reich
, 600ff.; Wiggershaus,
Flottenvertrag
, esp. 313ff.

42.
And also during the following two weeks, while the negotiations were proceeding in London, he was only superficially informed about their progress. TB, 13 and 15 June 1935.

43.
TB, 19 June 1935.

44.
TB, 21 June 1935.

45.
TB, 5 June 1935.

46.
TB, 11 June, also 1 August 1935: “Spent a sweet hour with Helga. Practiced obedience.”

47.
TB, 27 July 1935; see also 7 November 1935, “Afternoon, worked at home. ‘Disciplined’ Hilde.”

48.
TB, 3, 5, 21, and 23 July.

49.
TB, 6 April 1935, during a visit to the Deutsches Theater.

50.
TB, 11 July 1935, concerning her arrival on the previous day; TB, 13 July 1935, about a conversation on 12 July; TB, 15 July 1935, about 13 July: “Frau Ullrich is leaving. She is very sad that she now has to.”

51.
TB, 29 July 1935, and 27 July 1935.

52.
TB, 3 August 1935; TB, 3 and 5 August about the trip; TB, 7 August 1935 about the reconciliation.

53.
TB, 13 and 15 July 1935.

54.
Details of the “Kurfürstendamm riot” in Longerich,
Politik der Vernichtung
, 78ff., and Longerich,
“Davon haben wir nichts gewusst!”
79f.

55.
TB, 29 April 1933 and 9 May 1933 (on the conversation with Hitler). TB, 29 May 1935: “Went shopping with Magda in the Kurfürstendamm. Once again quite a crowd of Jews. We’ll have to sort that out again.” Also 5 June 1935.

56.
TB, 10, 12, 14, and 28 November 1934.

57.
TB, 15 July 1935.

58.
TB, 7 July 1935. Also on friendly relations with Helldorf: 9 and 21 April 1935, 17 May 1935, 5 June 1935, 9–17 June 1935.

59.
TB, 21 July 1935.

60.
TB, 19 August 1935.

61.
TB, 19 August 1935.

62.
TB, 13 September 1935;
Parteitag der Freiheit, vom 10.–16. September 1935
, Hitler speech 110ff.

63.
TB, 15 September 1934;
VB
(B), 13 September 1935, “Goebbels reißt dem Kommunismus die Maske ab.”

64.
TB, 15 September 1935.

65.
On the Nuremberg laws, see Essner,
Die “Nürnberger Gesetze,”
esp. 113ff.; Friedländer,
Das Dritte Reich
, vol. 1, 158ff.; Longerich,
Politik der Vernichtung
, 102ff.

66.
Parteitag der Freiheit
, 254ff. (Hitler’s speech to the Reichstag).

67.
TB, 17 September 1935. Hitler too, he discovered two days later, had “suffered” under Göring’s speech.

68.
TB, 19 September 1935.

69.
TB, 3 October 1935, also entries for the following days.

70.
TB, 5 October 1935. Entries from 20 August 1935, 2, 9, 22, 23, 25 September 1935. Mattioli,
Experimentierfeld
, 125ff.

71.
TB, 13 October 1935, see also 9 and 11 October 1935 and 17 October (speech to the chief editors). This new course is only marginally evident in the press instructions.
PA
1935, 665f., 671f. (12 October 1935).

72.
TB, 19 October 1935. See also on the same day further down: “Is war going to break out in Europe? If so then 3–4 years too soon for us.”
Akten der Reichskanzlei, Regierung Hitler
, vol. 2, Hartmannsgruber (ed.), no. 25. On 18 October a ministerial meeting (Chefbesprechung) had taken place at which the currency situation was discussed. The speech is not dealt with here.

73.
Mattioli,
Experimentierfeld
, 125ff.

74.
Speech on Wehrmacht Day in Karlshorst, 29 September 1935,
FZ
, 30 September 1935; speech on 3 October 1935 in Halle,
FZ
, 5 October 1935.

75.
Speech on 4 December 1935, published in Heiber (ed.),
Goebbels Reden
, 269ff., esp. 271; see Sywottek,
Mobilmachung für den totalen Krieg
, 95.

76.
New Year’s Eve address 1935, in
Der Angriff
, 1 January 1936;
VB
(N), 19 January 1936, about Goebbels’s speech at the Berlin Gau day.

77.
UWW
, November 1936, Erwin Schmidt, “Von Hamsterern und anderen Schweinen. Wirtschaftspolitische Aufgaben der Propaganda,” 351–55.

78.
TB, 7 October 1935;
VB
(N), 7 October 1935: “ ‘Wir wollen das Rechte tun und niemanden scheuen.’ Der Dank des Führers an den deutschen Bauern.”

79.
TB, 11 October 1935;
VB
(N), 11 October 1935, “Der Ruf des Führers an das deutsche Volk.”

80.
UWW
, February 1936, Hans Riess, “Der erste Abschnitt des Winterfeldzuges 1935/36—ein voller Erfolg,” 47–51. The report of the RPA Stuttgart noted for Gau Württemberg alone 4900 meetings up until the Christmas vacation. Ibid., June 1936, Walter Tiessler (Head of the Reichsring für NS-Propaganda), “Winter campaign 1935/36,” p. 203f.

81.
UWW
, November 1935, Hermann Krüger, district culture warden
(Kreiskulturwart)
for the district of Gifhorn, “Aus der kulturellen Arbeit in einer Kleinstadt,” 380–85, complained of a “real lassitude and indifference” in the Party meetings.

82.
UWW
, February 1937, Max Cronauer, Gau speaker, “Die öffentliche politische
Versammlung, wie sie der Redner sieht,” 54–59. This report also refers to very poor attendance at meetings.

83.
UWW
, September 1935, Julius Krafft, district departmental head
(Kreisabteilungsleiter)
Frankfurt a. M., “Die öffentliche Versammlung,” 305–9.

84.
UWW
, March 1937, Julius Krafft, “Keine Propaganda mit ‘Nachdruck,’ ” 92f.

85.
TB, 9 and 11 November 1935.

86.
TB, 13 September 1935; Piper,
Alfred Rosenberg
, 392ff.; Reuth,
Goebbels
, 334ff.; Bollmus,
Das Amt Rosenberg
, 80f.; Faustmann,
Reichskulturkammer
, 63ff.

87.
See BAB, NS 8/171, Goebbels to Rosenberg, 7 November 1935; and Goebbels to Rosenberg, 20 March 1936; and Rosenberg to Goebbels, 31 March, 22 April 1936. On the dispute and the ban, see also TB, 3, 5, 11, and 13 October, 9 November 1935. On the preparations for the Cultural Senate, see 19 and 24 October 1935.

88.
TB, 17 November 1935;
VB
(N), 16 November 1935, “Die Jahrestagung der Reichskulturkammer—Der Reichskultursenat eingesetzt.” For the Hitler quotation, see TB, 21 August 1935.

89.
TB, 17 November 1935. The first session of the senate took place on 16th (ibid.).

90.
VB
(B), 23 December 1935; TB, 23 December 1935, and 24 December.

91.
TB, 23 and 24 December 1937.