God's Chinese Son (60 page)

6.
       
TR,
106;
Tianming zhaozhi shu,
9b, on the
Xiaotiantang.
There has been considerable discussion of this
Xiaotiantang
by scholars: see Laai, "Pirates," 248; Su, " 'Xiaotiantang' xinjie," argues for Beijing, not Nanjing; Fang and Cui, "Taiping Tianguo 'Xiaotiantang,' " also argues against prior identifications of Nanjing. See also Xia,
Zongjiao,
84-85; Wang,
Lishi he sixiang,
208-9; Wagner,
Heavenly Vision,
67-69.

7.
       
TR,
323-24, and discussion of sources ibid., 321-23; Jen,
Revolutionary Movement,
80- 81; Zhong,
Yongan,
94-96.

8
.TR,
107;
Tianming zhaozhi shu,
in
Yinshu,
10b.

9.
 
TR,
125-28.

10.
       
TR,
108, slightly modified following
Tianming zhaozhi shu,
in
Yinshu,
12; decree formally issued on Dec. 17, 1851, though I assume it was prepared a few days earlier; and
Taiping lizhi,
in
Yinshu,
5b—6, and
TR,
129, for one-thousand-year titles.

11.
       
That this character shift was already in place in Yongan can be seen from the 1852
Sanzijing,
in
Yinshu,
2b, where the pharaoh of Egypt is referred to as the
kuang
rather than the
wang,
as are all Chinese rulers later in the same text.

12.
 
TR,
142-43;
Banxing zhaoshu,
in
Yinshu,
1-2;
TR,
143, 144 n. 4.

13.
       
See
Tianxiong shengzhi,
2:41b—42, for 1/6/27. The most dramatic example, that of Zhou Xineng and 190 others, originated in July 1851 and was discovered in November. The unmasking of the spies was given extensive coverage by the Taiping as an example of Yang Xiuqing's perspicacity. See
TR,
88-97, 382-84.

14.
       
Zhong,
Yongan,
53-56. Jen,
Revolutionary Movement,
78, estimates the Taiping in Yongan at 40,000, of whom half were combatants.

15.
       
Guo Tingyi,
Shishi,
136-40, lists these numerous attacks, as does Zhong,
Yongan,
64- 75; on p. 61 Zhong gives the 46,000 figure; on pp. 107-10 he discusses illicit trade; Guo Yisheng,
Ditu,
43-44, has detailed maps.

16.
       
Guo Tingyi,
Shishi,
141, dated 1/10/18; Laai, "Pirates," 254. This may be the battle described for 1/10/17 in the
Overland Friend of China,
as cited in Clarke and Gregory,
Reports, 14-15.

17.
 
Tianxiong shengzhi,
2:45.

18.
 
Ibid, 2:45b.

19.
       
Ibid, 2:47, and on the pain (
Zhongku); TR,
102, cites the almost identical passage as it is found in
Tianming zhaozhi shu,
in
Yinshu,
5.

20.
       
The last phrases uttered by Jesus are on 2/3/15 in
Tianxiong shengzhi,
2:49b, i.e., May 3, 1852, during the Guilin siege.

21.
 
TR,
102.

22.
 
TR,
108,
Tianming zhaozhi shu,
in
Yinshu,
12b.

23.
 
TR,
139-141, modified from
Taiping tiaogui,
in
Yinshu.

24.
       
Zhong,
Yongan,
99-102, on Yongan printing. The tables of contents, from 1851 and 1853, in
Yinshu
editions of
You xue shi
and
Taiping jiushi ge
both show thirteen titles. The New Testament was not included. The misprinting of item 9,
Taiping tiaogui,
in these two volumes as
Taiping guitiao,
was later corrected, and serves as evidence of these texts' early date.

25.
       
TR,
153-55, some changes following
Sanzijing,
in
Yinshu,
lb-6b. Since the biblical term for "manna" was rendered "sweet dew" in Chinese, I use "manna" here.

26.
 
TR,
121-22, modified from
Tiantiao shu, Yinshu,
7b-8.

27.
 
TR,
109;
Tianming zhaozhi shu,
in
Yinshu,
12b—13.

28.
 
TR,
108,
Tianming zhaozhi shu,
in
Yinshu, Ylh, guifei.

29.
 
Tianxiong shengzhi,
2:28b.

30.
       
You xue shi,
in
Yinshu,
9, modifying
TR,
166. For the imagery in the third line of the husband's stanza—
Hedong shizi,
"the lion east of the river"—see the lengthy entry in Murohashi,
Daikanwa,
6:6727. The third line of the wife's stanza, literally "if the hen calls out the dawn," has the sense of the English-language idiom "if the woman wears the trousers."

31.
       
TR,
129-30. Jen,
Tongkao,
2:1251-59, surveys the evidence and provides some names. The man known as Hong Daquan estimated in 1852 that Hong had thirty-six consorts in the city, and took "thirty or so" of them with him when he left. See the confession of Hong Daquan, in
TR,
191—92. But the exact rank and identity of this man have been long debated and the accuracy of his confession disputed. See
TR,
187-88; Guo Tingyi,
Shishi,
153-75; Jen,
Revolutionary Movement,
84.

32.
 
TR,
110, modified according to
Tianming zhaozhi shu,
in
Yinshu,
14.

33.
 
Zhong,
Yongan,
106-7.

34.
 
TR,
109, modified according to
Tianming zhaozhi shu,
in
Yinshu,
13.

35.
 
Zhong,
Yongan,
122, 127.

36.
       
Jen,
Revolutionary Movement,
83-86; Zhong,
Yongan,
127;
TR,
191-92, confession of Hong Daquan; Curwen,
Deposition,
83-84.

Chapter 12: The Hunt

1.
 
Jen,
Revolutionary Movement,
85; Curwen,
Deposition,
187 n. 60.

2.
 
Laai, "Pirates," 205-7.

3.
 
See analysis by Zhong, "Youguan Taiping Jun."

4.
 
Jen,
Revolutionary Movement,
86; Curwen,
Deposition,
187 n. 61.

5.
 
Laai, "Pirates," 245, 256.

6.
 
Ibid, 254-56. Ling was killed by Qing troops in July 1852.

7.
       
Guo Yishu,
Ditu,
47-48; Laai, "Pirates," 208, 257. This bribe led to Big-head Yang's execution by the Qing.

8.
       
Jen,
Revolutionary Movement,
88-89. When exactly Feng was fatally wounded is still debated by historians. Luo Ergang,
Taiping Tianguo shi,
vol. 3, juan 43, agrees with Jen Yu-wen; but Mao Jiaqi, in
Taiping Tianguo tongshi,
1:307-12, expresses doubt that Feng was first struck at Quanzhou. My thanks to Xia Chuntao for clarification of this point.

9.
 
Jen,
Revolutionary Movement,
89—90.

10.
 
Guo Tingyi,
Shishi,
181.

11.
       
Kuhn,
Rebellion,
106—7; Cai, "Lei Zaihao he Li Yuanfa," concludes these were not Tiandihui risings.

12.
 
Kuhn,
Rebellion,
106-11.

13.
 
Ibid., 113-15
\ Eminent Chinese,
136-37.

14.
 
Jen,
Quanshi,
1:388-89, based on his own survey of the area; Laai, "Pirates," 258.

15.
       
Guo Yisheng,
Ditu,
49-50; Jen,
Revolutionary Movement,
90-92; Guo Tingyi,
Shishi,
182, estimates the date a little later, on June 10; Laai, "Pirates," 258-59.

16.
 
Guo Yisheng,
Ditu,
53; Curwen,
Deposition,
188 n. 65.

17.
 
TR,
143, 148.

18.
 
TR,
144.