Read Empires and Barbarians Online
Authors: Peter Heather
Niebuhr, B. G., ed. (1839–41).
Theophanes Chronographia
(Bonn)
Nixon, C. E. V. and Rodgers, B. S. (1994).
In Praise of Later Roman Emperors: The Panegyrici Latini
(Berkeley)
Noble, T. F. X. and Head, T., eds. (1995).
Soldiers of Christ: Saints and Saints’ Lives from Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages
(Pennsylvania)
Noll, R. and Vetter, E., eds. (1963).
Eugippius Vita Sancti Severini
,
Schriften und Quellen der Alten Welt
11 (Berlin)
Noonan, T. S. (1997). ‘Scandinavians in European Russia’, in Sawyer (1997a), 134–55
———— (1998).
The Islamic World, Russia and the Vikings, 750–900: The Numismatic Evidence
(Aldershot)
O Corrain, D. (1997). ‘Ireland, Wales, Man, and the Hebrides’, in Sawyer (1997a), 83–109.
———— (1998). ‘The Vikings in Scotland and Ireland in the Ninth Century’,
Peritia
12, 296–339
Ørsnes, M. (1963). ‘The Weapon Find in Ejsbøl Mose at Haderlev: Preliminary Report’,
Acta Archaeologica
34, 232–48
———— (1968).
Der Moorfund von Ejsbøl bei Hadersleben. Deutungsprobleme der grossen nordgermanischen Waffenopferfunde: Abhandlung der Akademie der Wissenschaft in Göttingen
(Göttingen)
Painter, K. (1994). ‘Booty from a Roman Villa found in the Rhine’,
Minerva
5, 22–7
Palade, V. (1966). ‘Atelierele pentru lucrat pieptini din os din secolul at IV-leas e.n. de la Birlad-Valea Seaca’,
Arheologia Moldovei
4, 261–77
Parczewski, M. (1993).
Die Anfänge der frühslawischen Kultur in Polen
(Vienna)
———— (1997). ‘Beginnings of the Slavs’ Culture’, in Urbanczyk (1997a), 79–90
Parmentier, L. and Hansen, G. C., eds. (1998).
Theodoret: Kirchengeschichte
, 3rd ed. (Berlin)
Paschoud, F. (1971–89).
Zosimus: Historia Nova
, 6 vols. (Paris)
Pearson, M. P. (1989). ‘Beyond the Pale: Barbarian Social Dynamics in Western Europe’, in Barrett (1989), 198–226
Peregrinatio Gothica 1
. (1986).
Archaeologia Baltica
VII (Lodz)
Peregrinatio Gothica 2.
(1989).
Archaeologia Baltica
VIII (Lodz)
Perin, P. (1980).
La datation des tombes mérovingiennes
(Geneva)
———— (1987).
Les Francs à la Conquête de la Gaule
(Paris)
———— (1996). ‘Die Archäologische Zeugnisse der frankischen Expansion in Gallien’, in
Die Franken: Wegbereiter Europas: vor 1500 Jahren, König Chlodwig und seine Erben
(Mainz), 227–32.
Perin, P. and Feffer, L. C. (1987).
Les Francs à l’Origine de la France
, 2 vols. (Paris)
Perin, P. and Kazanski, M. (1996). ‘Das Grab Childerichs I’, in
Die Franken: Wegbereiter Europas: vor 1500 Jahren, König Chlodwig und seine Erben
(Mainz), 173–82
Pertz, G. H. and Kurze, F., eds. (1891).
Annales Fuldenses, sive, Annales regni Francorum orientalis ab Einhardo, Ruodolfo, Meginhardo Fuldensibus, Seligenstadi, Fuldae, Mogontiaoi conscripti cum continuationibus Ratisbonensi et Altahensibus
(Hanover)
Petrov, N. I. (2005). ‘Ladoga, Ryurik’s Stronghold, and Novgorod: Fortifications and Power in Early Medieval Russia’, in Curta (2005), 121–37
Petschenig, M., ed. (1881).
Victoris Episcopi Vitensis Historia persecutionis Africanae provinciae
(Vienna)
Pharr, C. (1952).
The Theodosian Code and Novels, and the Sirmondian Constitutions
(New York)
Phillips, J. R. S. (1988).
The Medieval Expansion of Europe
(Oxford)
———— (1994). ‘The Medieval Background’, in Canny (1994), 9–25
Pichlmayr, F., ed. (1911).
Sexti Aurelii Victoris liber de Caesaribus
(Leipzig)
Pinder, M., ed. (1897).
Ioannis Zonarae Epitomae historiarum libri XVIII
(Bonn)
Pirling, R. (1966).
Das römisch-fränkische Gräberfeld von Krefeld-Gellep
(Berlin)
Pirling, R. and Siepen, M. (2003).
Das römisch-fränkische Gräberfeld von Krefeld-Gellep 1989–2000
(Stuttgart)
Platnauer, M. (1922).
The Works of Claudian
(London)
PLRE: The Prosopography of the later Roman Empire
, ed. A. H. M. Jones et al., 3 vols. (Cambridge, 1971–92)
Pohl, W. (1980). ‘Die Gepiden und die Gentes an der mittleren Donau nach dem Zerfall des Attilareiches’, in Wolfram and Daim (1980), 239–305
———— (1988).
Die Awaren: ein Steppenvolk im Mitteleuropa, 567–822 n. Chr.
(Munich)
———— (2000).
Die Germanen
(Munich)
———— (2003). ‘A Non-Roman Empire in Central Europe: The Avars’, in Goetz et al. (2003), 571–595.
Pohl, W. and Erhart, P. (2005).
Die Langobarden : Herrschaft und Identität
(Vienna)
Pohl, W. and Wood, I. N., eds. (2001)
The Transformation of Frontiers from Late Antiquity to the Carolingians, Proceedings of the Second Plenary Conference, European Science Foundation Transformation of the Roman World Project
(Leiden)
Poulik, J. et al., eds. (1986).
Grossmähren und die Anfänge der tschechoslowakischen Staatlichkeit
(Prague)
Poulter, A., ed. (2007).
The Transition to Late Antiquity on the Danube and Beyond
(Oxford)
Powlesland, D. (1997). ‘Early Anglo-Saxon Settlements: Structures, Forms, and Layout’, in Hines (1997), 101–24
Preucel, R. and Hodder, I., eds. (1996).
Contemporary Archaeology in Theory
(Oxford)
Preussler, W. (1956). ‘Keltischer Einfluss im Englischen’,
Revue des Langues Vivantes
22, 322–50
Prinz, F. (1984).
Böhmen im mittelalterlichen Europa
(Munich).
Proussa, P. (1990). ‘A Contact-universals Origin for Periphrastic Do, with Special Consideration of OE-Celtic Contact’, in Adamson (1990), 407–34
Raev, B. A. (1986).
Roman Imports in the Lower Don Basin
(Oxford)
Rafnsson, S. (1997). ‘The Atlantic Islands’, in Sawyer (1997a), 110–33
Randsborg, K. (1980).
The Viking Age in Denmark: The Formation of a State
(London)
Rau, G. (1972). ‘Körpergräber mit Glasbeigaben des 4. nachchristlichen Jahrhunderts im Oder-Wechsel-Raum’,
Acta praehistorica et archaeologica
3, 109–214
Reichmann, C. (1996). ‘Frühe Franken in Germanien’, in
Die Franken: Wegbereiter Europas: vor 1500 Jahren, König Chlodwig und seine Erben
(Mainz), 55–65
Renfrew, C. (1987).
Archaeology and Language: The Puzzle of Indo-European Origins
(London)
Renfrew, C. and Bahn, P. (1991).
Archaeology: Theories, Methods and Practice
(London)
Renfrew, C. and Cherry, J. F., eds. (1986).
Peer Polity Interaction and Socio-Political Change
(Cambridge)
Reuter, T. (1985). ‘Plunder and Tribute in the Carolingian Empire’,
Transactions of the Royal Historical Society
, 75–94
———— (1990). ‘The End of Carolingian Military Expansion’, in Godman and Collins (1990), 391–407
———— (1991).
Germany in the Early Middle Ages c.800–1056
(London)
———— (1992).
The Annals of Fulda
(Manchester)
————, ed. (1999).
The New Cambridge Medieval History: vol. 3, 900–1024
(Cambridge)
Ridley R. T. (1982).
Zosimus: New History
(Canberra)
Ritchie, A. (1993).
Viking Scotland
(Bath)
Robinson, C. H. (1921).
Anskar: The Apostle of the North, 801–865
(London)
Roesdahl, E., trans. S. Margeson and K. Williams (1982).
Viking Age Denmark
(London)
————, trans. S. Margeson and K. Williams (1991).
The Vikings
(London)
Rolfe, J. C., ed. (1935–39).
Ammianus Marcellinus
(London)
Rostovzeff, M. I. (1922).
Iranians and Greeks in South Russia
(Oxford)
Rowlands, M. et al., eds. (1987).
Centre and Periphery in the Ancient World
(Cambridge)
Rudkin, D. (1986).
The Saxon Shore
(London)
Rumble, A. R., ed. (1994).
The Reign of Cnut: King of England, Denmark and Norway
(London)
Rystad, G. (1996). ‘Immigration Policy and the Future of International Migration’,
International Migration Review
26.4, 555–86
Sabbah, G. (1978).
La méthode d’Ammien Marcellin: recherches sur la construction du discours historique dans les Res Gestae
(Paris)
Salt, J. and Clout, H., eds. (1976).
Migration in Post-War Europe: Geographical Essays
(Oxford)
Salway, P. (2001).
A History of Roman Britain
(Oxford)
Sanchez-Albornoz, N. (1994). ‘The First Transatlantic Transfer: Spanish Migration to the New World’, in Canny (1994), 26–36
Santini, C., ed. (1979).
Eutropius Breviarium ab urbe condita
(Stuttgart)
Sartre, M. (1982).
Trois études sur l’Arabie romaine et byzantine: Revue d’Études Latines
(Brussels)
Sasse, B. (1982).
Die Sozialgeschichte Böhmens in der Frühzeit: Historisch-archäologische Untersuchungen zum 9.–12. Jahrhundert
(Berlin)
Sawyer, B. (1991). ‘Viking-Age Rune-Stones as a Crisis Symptom’,
Norwegian Archaeological Review
24, 97–112
Sawyer, B. and Sawyer, P. H. (1993).
Medieval Scandinavia: From Conversion to Reformation c.800–1500
(Minneapolis)
Sawyer, P. H. (1962).
The Age of the Vikings
(London)
———— (1978).
From Roman Britain to Norman England
(London)
———— (1982), ‘The Causes of the Viking Age’, in Farrell (1982), 1–7
———— (1993). ‘The Scandinavian Background’, in Cooper (1993), 33–42
———— (1994). ‘Cnut’s Scandinavian Empire’, in Rumble (1994), 10–22
————, ed. (1997a).
The Oxford Illustrated History of the Vikings
(Oxford)
———— (1997b). ‘The Age of the Vikings, and Before’, in P. Sawyer (1997a), 1–18
Sawyer, P. H. and Wood, I. N., eds. (1977).
Early Medieval Kingship
(Leeds)
Schenkl, H. et al., eds. (1965–74).
Themistii Orationes
(Leipzig)
Schmeidler, B., ed. (1917).
Adam von Bremen: Gesta Hammaburgensis ecclesiae pontificum
, Monumenta Germaniae Historica: Scriptores rerum Germanicarum (Hanover)
Schmidt, L. (1933).
Geschichte der deutschen Stämme bis zum Ausgang der Völkerwanderung: Die Ostgermanen
, 2nd ed. (Munich)
Scholz, B. W. (1972).
Carolingian Chronicles
(Ann Arbor)
Schröder, F. J. (1977).
Völker und Herrscher des östlichen Europa im Weltbild Widukinds von Korvei und Thietmars von Merseburg
(Munster)
Scragg, D. (1991).
The Battle of Maldon,
AD
991
(Oxford)
Searle, E. (1988).
Predatory Kinship and the Creation of Norman Power 840–1066
(Berkeley).
Seeck, O., ed. (1962).
Notitia dignitatum
(Frankfurt am Main)
Service, E. R. (1975).
Origins of the State and Civilization: The Process of Cultural Evolution
(New York)
Settimane [Centro italiano di studi sull’alto Medioevo: Settimane di studio] (1983).
Gli Slavi occidentali e meridionali nell’alto medioevo, Atti del xxx Congresso internazionale di studi sull’alto Medioevo
(Spoleto)
Shanzer, D. and Wood, I. N., eds. and trans. (2002).
Avitus of Vienne: Letters and Selected Prose
(Liverpool)
Shchukin, M. (1975). ‘Das Problem der Cernjachow-Kultur in der sowjetischen archäologischen Literatur’,
Zeitschrift für Archäologie
9, 25–41
———— (1977). ‘Current aspects of the Gothic Problem and the Cherniakhovo Culture’,
Arkheologichesky sbornik
18, 79–92 (English summary)
———— (1990).
Rome and the Barbarians in Central and Eastern Europe: 1st Century
BC
–1st Century
AD
(Oxford)
———— (2005).
The Gothic Way: Goths, Rome, and the Culture of the Chernjakhov/Sintana de Mures
(St Petersburg)
Shennan, S. (1989).
Archaeological Approaches to Cultural Identity
(London)
Shepard, J. (2005). ‘Conversions and Regimes Compared: The Rus’ and the Poles, ca. 1000’, in Curta (2005), 252–82
Sherwin-White, A. N. (1973).
The Roman Citizenship
, 2nd ed. (Oxford)
Siegmund, F. (1998). ‘Social Structure and Relations’, in Wood (1998), 177–98
Sinor, D. (1977).
Inner Asia and its Contacts with Medieval Europe
(London)
———— (1990). T
he Cambridge History of Early Inner Asia
(Cambridge)
Skalnik, P., ed. (1989).
Outwitting the State
(New Jersey)
Slater, T., ed. (2000).
Towns in Decline
AD
100–1600
(Aldershot).
Smith, A. D. (1986).
The Ethnic Origin of Nations
(Oxford)
Smith, J. M. (1992).
Province and Empire: Brittany and the Carolingians
(Cambridge)
Smyth, A. P. (1977).
Scandinavian Kings in the British Isles, 850–880
(Oxford)
———— (1979).
Scandinavian York and Dublin: The History and Archaeology of Two Related Viking Kingdoms
(New Jersey)
———— (1995).
King Alfred the Great
(Oxford)
Speidel, M. P. (1977). ‘The Roman Army in Arabia’,
Aufstieg und Niedergang der Antiken Welt
II. 8
Stallknecht, B. (1969).
Untersuchungen zur römischen Aussenpolitik in der Spätantike
(Bonn)
Stenton. F. (1971).
Anglo-Saxon England
(Oxford)
Steuer, H. (1982).
Frühgeschichtliche Sozialstrukturen Mitteleuropa
(Göttingen)
———— (1998). ‘Theorien zur Herkunft und Entstehung der Alemannen: Archaeologische Forschungsansatze’, in Geuenich (1998), 270–-334
Stockwell, S., ed. (2008).
The British Empire: Themes and Perspectives
(Oxford)