Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (96 page)

BOOK: Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology
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brickworks
[MC].
An establishment where bricks are manufactured in some quantity. Such a factory usually includes clay-pits, clay-preparation and cleaning floors, mounding sheds, drying racks, kilns, and storage yards for maintaining a stock of finished products. The kilns are generally more substantial than in a pottery, but products other than bricks may be made as well (for example, ceramic
ROOF FURNITURE
).
Brigantes
[CP].
Large late Iron Age tribe living in the northeast of England in the later 1st millennium
bc
and continuing into the first few centuries
ad
as a Roman
civitas
. Their main
OPPIDUM
seems to have been at
STANWICK
, North Yorkshire. In the mid 1st century
ad
the leader of the Brigantes was Venutius. He was anti-Roman, although his wife Cartimandua was pro-Roman. In ad 69 Vespasian tried to establish Roman rule in northern England and the Brigantes rose in open revolt. Cartimandua sought safety outside her kingdom. An energetic governor, Petillius Cerialis , campaigned vigorously against Venutius between ad 71 and 74, and completed the conquest of the area soon afterwards.
briquetage
[Ma].
Thick-walled very coarse ceramic material used for the manufacture of evaporation vessels in saltmaking from the mid 2nd millennium
bc
through to medieval times in northern Europe. The forms and fabrics of briquetage vessels are fairly distinctive and allow trade patterns and distribution networks to be established, especially for Iron Age times. Also known as
very coarse pottery
(
VCP
). See also
SALTERNS
.
bristlecone pine calibration
[Ge].
British Academy
[Or].
Established by royal charter in 1902, the Academy is an independent learned society, the United Kingdom's national academy for the humanities and the social sciences. It aims to represent the interests of scholarship nationally and internationally, give recognition to excellence, promote and support advanced learning, further international collaboration and exchanges, promote public understanding of research, and publish the results of research. The Academy is a self-governing body of Fellows elected in recognition of their distinction as scholars in some branch of the humanities or social sciences. Fellows may use the distinction FBA. Archaeology is one of the eighteen discipline-based sections in which the Academy is organized. In addition to support for research through grants to archaeological fieldwork projects and other kinds of investigation, the Academy also supports the British schools and institutes overseas (e.g., the British School in Athens, the British School in Rome).
British Council
[Or].
The United Kingdom's international organization for education and cultural relations. Established in 1934, its purpose is to promote and enhance the UK's reputation in the world as a valued partner. This is achieved by creating opportunities in education, English language teaching, the arts, science, governance, and information through a network of over 200 offices in more than 110 countries.
BOOK: Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology
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