Concise Oxford Dictionary of Archaeology (136 page)

King of England from ad 1660, of the House of Stuart. Born 1630, eldest son of Charles I, he married Catherine , daughter of John IV of Portugal. He died in ad 1685 aged 54, having reigned 24 years.

 
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Frankish leader, born ad 823, youngest son of
Louis the Pious
. King of the West Franks who outlived his brothers and many of their heirs to become emperor in ad 875. He died in ad 877.

 
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Youngest son of Louis the German and king of the West Franks from ad 882. He was crowned emperor and during his reign there was the great siege of Paris by the Vikings in ad 885. He was deposed by a coup in ad 887 and died
c.
ad 887.

 
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Son of Pippin the Short, Charlemagne united the
FRANKS
to become their sole leader in ad 771. In ad 800 he was crowned emperor in Rome by the pope. Contemporary biographers describe him as a cultured and very able person. He re-established many of the traditions of the former Roman world, especially the western Christian church. Surviving images of him show him as the Christian successor to the Roman emperors, and this is also how he is depicted on his coins and in his palace at Aachen, Germany. As a military leader he extended the
CAROLINGIAN EMPIRE
to cover much of mainland western Europe except Spain and southern Italy. He died in ad 814 to be succeeded by his son Louis the Pious.

 
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King of France who conceded the lower Seine to the Vikings in ad 911 and thus enabled the formation of the duchy of Normandy. Son of Louis II the Stammerer. Imprisoned by Duke Randolf of Burgundy in ad 923 and died in prison in
c.
ad 929.

 
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A deed recording a grant.

 
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