Computing with Quantum Cats (35 page)

de Forest, Lee,
71
,
72

decoherence: problem of,
221
,
222
,
225
,
228
–
9
,
245
,
246
; times,
228
,
243
–
4
,
247
–
8
,
261
–
2

Deep Blue,
210
–
11

Deep Thought,
216

Dehmelt, Hans,
217
–
19
,
220
,
253

Delilah project,
34
,
45

“depths,”
38

DEUCE,
48
,
50
–
1

Deutsch, David: career,
190
–
2
,
210
; on fungibility,
200
–
1
; on Grover searching,
212
; influence,
134
,
175
; lifestyle,
189
–
90
; on Multiverse,
4
,
199
,
200
,
208
–
9
; on telepathy,
232
; on testing many worlds hypothesis,
192
–
6
; work towards quantum computers,
196
–
7
,
206
; writings:
The Beginning of Infinity
,
193
; “Quantum Theory” paper,
196

DeWitt, Bryce,
185
,
186
,
191

Difference Tabulator,
69

Diffie, Whitfield,
204

Dirac, Paul,
21
,
105
,
118

discord,
268
–
9

DiVincenzo, David,
227
–
9
,
240
,
243
,
248

Dollis Hill research station,
39
,
40
–
1
,
47

double-slit experiment,
see
experiment with two holes

Dyson, George,
87

Eckert, John Prosper,
69
,
75
,
79
,
81

EDSAC (Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator),
48
,
50
–
1
,
77
,
90

EDVAC,
48
,
79
–
82
,
83
,
91

Einstein, Albert: Bohm's career,
148
,
149
; on Bohm's work,
146
; on Copenhagen Interpretation,
142
; dress,
189
; EPR puzzle,
142
–
5
,
147
–
8
,
156
,
162
,
186
; influence,
169
,
170
; on light quanta,
136
; on local reality,
160
; Nobel Prize,
108
; at Princeton,
58
–
9
,
143
–
5
; on “spooky action at a distance,”
138
,
144
,
256

Eisenhower, Dwight D.,
43

Ekert, Artur,
209
,
216
,
220

Electronic Control Company,
81

electronics,
71
–
4

electrons: cavity quantum electrodynamics,
261
; development of electronics,
72
–
3
; experiment with two holes,
107
,
109
–
11
,
121
,
137
,
193
; interaction,
116
–
19
; Josephson junctions,
232
; manipulation,
1
,
214
–
15
,
217
–
18
,
220
,
244
; particles/waves,
105
–
7
,
136
; quantum computing,
214
–
15
,
242
,
246
–
7
; quantum dots,
242
–
5
; quantum entities,
93
–
4
,
104
–
7
,
119
; self-interaction,
115
–
16
; spin,
3
,
163
,
176
,
220
,
244
–
6
,
248
–
9
; superposition of states,
3
; trajectory,
114
; valves,
71
–
2
,
93

English Electric Company,
48

ENIAC,
75
–
9

Enigma,
25
–
30
,
35
,
44
,
203
,
204

entanglement: Commins's view,
166
; de Broglie's work,
135
,
138
; experiments,
163
; ion traps,
254
–
6
; non-locality,
173
; parallel universes,
193
; photons,
259
,
261
,
263
,
264
,
265
; quantum computation,
174
,
201
–
2
,
216
,
239
,
249
,
263
–
5
,
267
; SQUIDs,
239
–
40
; telepathy,
231
; teleportation,
222
,
256
–
7
; term,
133

entropy,
124
–
6

EPR puzzle: Aspect's work
170
–
1
; Bell's work,
156
,
158
–
9
,
171
; Bohm's work,
146
–
7
,
159
; origins,
142
; paper,
143
–
5
; Shimony's work,
162
–
3
; teleportation,
256

error correction,
221
–
3

ETH (Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule), Zurich,
55
,
71

Everett, Hugh III,
184
–
6
,
189
,
191
–
2
,
193

Ewald, Peter Paul,
152

experiment with two holes (double-slit experiment),
107
–
10
; Copenhagen Interpretation,
107
,
121
; de Broglie's work,
137
; Deutsch's work,
201
; Everett's work,
193
; experiments with larger molecules,
183
–
4
; Feynman's work,
110
–
13
; Many Worlds Interpretation,
197
–
8
; Schrödinger's work,
122

exponential growth,
92
–
3

Falicov, Leo,
233

FAPP (for all practical purposes): Bell's phrase,
106
; Copenhagen Interpretation,
122
,
145
,
149
; everyday computing,
197
; experiment with two holes,
110
–
11
; fungibility,
200
; Multiverse,
208
; SQUID rings,
239

Fenson, Harry,
43

Fermi, Enrico,
86

fermions,
176

Ferranti Mark I computer,
49
–
50

Feynman, Melville,
99
–
100

Feynman, Richard: childhood,
99
–
100
; on digital Universe,
176
; education,
100
–
2
,
106
,
113
–
14
; on electron's self-interaction,
115
–
17
; experiment with two holes,
107
–
13
; Fredkin relationship,
130
,
132
; on IBM machines,
64
–
5
; marriage,
103
; Nobel Lecture,
115
–
16
,
119
; Nobel Prize,
103
,
113
,
119
; on physical world,
179
; at Princeton,
58
,
60
,
102
–
3
,
116
; Principle of Least Action,
117
–
18
; on
quantum computation,
122
,
132
–
3
; on quantum computers,
1
–
2
,
133
–
4
; war work,
103
–
4
,
115
; writings: “The Principle of Least Action in Quantum Mechanics,”
102
–
3
,
110
,
113
–
20
; “Simulating Physics with Computers” lecture,
132
–
3
,
178
;
Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman?
,
58
,
64
–
5
; “There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom,”
94

fiction,
200

Fleming, John,
71

Flowers, Thomas,
39
–
41
,
42
,
43
,
44
–
5
,
47
,
72

Fourier analysis,
207

Fowler, Austin,
223

Frankel, Stanley,
64
–
5

Frankfort Arsenal, Philadelphia,
103

Fredkin, Ed,
129
–
30
,
132

Fredkin gate,
130
–
1
,
215
,
228

Freedman, Stuart,
167

Frontiers
magazine,
212

Fry, Ed,
168

Fuechsle, Martin,
93

fungibility,
200
–
1

G15,
48

Gakushin University, Tokyo,
109

GC&CS (Government Code and Cipher School),
24
–
5
,
29

GCHQ (Government Communications Headquarters),
44
,
205
,
209

General Report on Tunny
,
44

Goldstine, Adele,
76
,
79

Goldstine, Herman,
68
–
9
,
74
–
7
,
79
–
82
,
85

Grangier, Philippe,
171

Greenbaum, Arline,
103
–
4

Gregory, James,
13

Grover, Lov,
209

Grover's algorithm,
209
–
10
,
211
–
12

Guinness Book of Records
,
225

Hamming code,
221
–
2

Hanslope Park,
34

Hardy, G. H.,
18

Haroche, Serge,
256
,
259
–
62

Heath Robinson machine,
38
–
40
,
41

Heisenberg, Werner,
104
–
5
,
115
,
136
,
140
,
141
,
149

Hellman, Martin,
204

Hensinger, Winfried,
219
,
253
,
254

Herbert, Nick,
160

Hermann, Grete,
140
–
2
,
143
,
156

hidden variables theories: Bell's work,
137
,
156
–
7
,
161
; Bohm's work,
145
,
147
–
8
,
149
,
161
; comparison with Copenhagen Interpretation,
139
; de Broglie on,
137
–
8
,
144
–
5
; EPR paper,
162
; Hermann's work,
140
–
2
; Horne's work,
164
; Pauli's view,
138
; Shimony's work,
162
,
164
; von Neumann's view,
138
,
139
–
40
,
142
,
145
,
151

Hilbert, David,
18
,
19
,
21
,
22
,
56

Hiroshima bomb,
62

Hitachi research laboratories,
109

Hitler, Adolf,
35
,
42
–
3
,
57

Hollenberg, Lloyd,
223

Hollerith, Herman,
66
–
7
,
68

Holt, Richard,
165
,
166
,
167
–
8

Home Guard,
31
–
2

Horne, Michael,
164
–
6

Houghton, Betty (née Bowden),
41
–
2
,
44

House Un-American Activities Committee,
148

Hoyle, Fred,
87

Hubble Space Telescope,
179

Hubble Ultra-Deep Field,
179

IBM (International Business Machines): Almaden Research Center,
223
–
5
; computer development,
69
; Difference Tabulator,
69
; ENIAC,
75
; Feynman's work,
103
–
4
; Manhattan Project,
64
–
5
; origins,
67
; Physics
of Information group,
227
,
241
; punched cards,
69
,
75
,
78
; quantum technology,
241
; von Neumann's consultancy,
81

Imbert, Christian,
171

infinity,
198
–
9

Innsbruck, University of,
217

input/output devices,
79

interference: between histories,
201
,
202
; experiment with half-silvered mirrors,
195
–
6
,
201
; experiment with two holes,
108
–
9
,
110
,
111
,
197
–
8
,
201
; of observer,
187
,
192
–
3
; parallel universes,
192
–
3
,
196
,
197
–
8
; pilot wave,
137
; quantum,
199
,
201
; quantum devices,
230
,
235