City of God (Penguin Classics) (198 page)

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Authors: Saint Augustine

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152
. Ps. 82, 6.

153
. cf.Bk XVIII, 43.

154
. cf
fade
14; cf. n. 146.

155
. Bar. 3, 26ff.

156
. Gen. 6, 3.

157
. cf. Gen. 7, 11.

158
. Gen. 6, 5ff.

159
. cf. Num. 23, 19.

160
. Gen. 6, 9.

161
. 1 Tim. 2, 5.

162
. cf. John 19, 34.

163
. 12, 14.

164
. Gen. 6, 16.

165
. Adv. Faust. Man., 12, 16.

166
. cf. Rom. 1, 16; 3, 9; Gal. 3, 28.

167
. cf. ch. 7, n31.

168
. 1 Cor. 13, 13.

169
. cf. Matt. 13, 8.

170
.
In Gen. Hom
., 2, 2.

171
. Acts 7, 22.

172
. Gen. 6, 20.

173
. Gen. 6, 19.

174
. Gen. 6, 20.

1
. Gen. 9, 25.

2
. Gen. 9, 27.

3
. Noah. The allegorical interpretation of Noah’s drunkenness as prophetic of Christ’s passion appears first in Cyprian,
De Doctr. Christ
., 3, 21.

4
. s. of s. 1, 3.

5
. The name
Shem
was naturally associated with the Hebrew sero, ‘name’ or ‘fame’
Japheth
suggested a derivation from p
th
h, ‘to open’ the derivation of
Ham
from
ham
, ‘hot’ is probable;
Canaan
(who was evidently the villainous brother in one version of the story) is perhaps rightly connected with a root
kan
, meaning ‘low’.

6
. 1 Cor. 11, 19.

7
. Prov. 10, 5(LXX).

8
. Matt. 7, 20.

9
. St Augustine’s derivation of Canaan is unexplained.

10
. Gen. 9, 23.

11
. Sc. Gentiles and Jews in the Church, with heretics in their midst.

12
. Phil. 1, 18.

13
. Is. 5, 7.

14
. Matt 20, 22.

15
. Matt. 26, 39.

16
. 2 Cor. 13, 4.

17
. 1 Cor. 1, 25.

18
. Gen. 9, 21.

19
. According to the
LXX
and the Old Latin Versions. The Vulgate (and the Hebrew) pive 290 years’ cf. Bk xv, 10–13.

20
. A mistranslation by the Old Latin Version. The Hebrew means ‘in the sight of; cf. ch. 4.

21
. cf. Gen. 10, 8ff. (LXX). In St Augustine’s text Nimrod appears as ‘Nabroth’. the Greek form of the name taken from
LXX
by the Old Latin Version.

22
. cf Bk IV, 6.

23
. Gen. 10, 21 (in the obscurity of the Old Latin Version).

24
. cf. ch. 11.

25
. A possible interpretation.

26
. Gen. 10, 25.

27
. cf. ch. 10.

28
. Gen. 11, 1–10.

29
. Hebrew,
balal
,‘to confuse’. Babylon, in fact, means ‘Gate of God’ (
Bâbil
).

30
. The collective singular is common in Latin.

31
. Gen. 10, 9; cf. ch. 3n.

32
. Ps. 95. 6.

33
. Job 15, 13.

34
. A commentary on Gen. 11, 5–7.

35
. i.e., a return to an earlier point in the narrative; cf. ch. 15.

36
. 1 Cor. 3, 9.

37
. Gen. 1, 26.

38
. cf. Ps. 36, 9.

39
. Gen. 11, 6. (St Augustine’s argument here is unconvincing in Latin, and impossible to reproduce in English, which is incapable of the ambiguity.)

40
. Virg.,
Aen
., 4, 591.

41
. cf. Bk xv, 27 (spontaneous generation of bees and flies).

42
. Gen. 1,24.

43
. St Augustine’s chief authority is Pliny’s
Natural History
, esp. 7, 2.

44
.
Arimaspi
; cf. Hdt., 4, 13.

45
.
Abarimonians.

46
.
Androgyni
.

47
. The
Astomi
of India.

48
. cf. Hom., I
l
., 3, 3ff; Hdt; 3, 32.
, ‘cubit’;
‘cubit–lengthmen’, Pygmies.

49
.
Calingi.

50
.
Monocoli.

51
. cf. Hdt., 4, 191; Gell, 9, 4.

52
. Now Bizerta, Tunis; Hippo Regius, St Augustine’s bishopric, is now Bone, Algeria, some 100 miles to the west.

53
. The
Antipodes
. The Pythagoreans assumed another world on the opposite side, to which they gave the name of the ‘Antiworld’ (Ar.,
De Cael
., 2, 13). The word ‘antipodes’ appears first in Cic.,
Acad
. Post., 2, 39, 123. By the third century A.D. the picture of the earth as a flat disc had displaced the spherical theory of the earlier Greeks (cf. Bk VIII, 2nn.), and Lactantius (
ft
. c. 290) ridiculed the theory, together with the supposition of the antipodes (
Inst. Div
., 3, 24).

54
. Gen. 1, 10.

55
. cf. ch. 3.

56
. Gen. 10, 25.

57
. Gen. 11, 10f.

58
. cf. Bk IV, 6.

59
. Gen. 11, 10ff.

60
. cf. ch. 2.

61
. Gen. 10, 9; cf. ch. 3; 4.

62
. Ps. 14, 2ff; 53, 2ff.

63
. Presumably St Augustine’s version of ‘sons of Belial’; cf. e.g. Judg. 19, 22; 1 Sam. 2, 12.

64
. cf. ch. 4 and n.

65
. cf. ch. 3.