Berlin 1961 (93 page)

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Authors: Frederick Kempe

BOOK: Berlin 1961
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plan
pretext of U.S. noninvolvement
Castro’s communist inclinations
Soviet alliance
U.S. support of Batista

Cuban Missile Crisis

Allied support for Kennedy
Kennedy’s resolve
Khrushchev’s perception of Kennedy’s weakness
linking to Berlin issue
Soviet nuclear buildup
Soviet retreat
threat to U.S. cities

 

Daily News
(New York)

Dealey, E. M. “Ted,”

de Gaulle, Charles

Eisenhower’s and Roosevelt’s disapproval of
on exclusion of Britain from Common Market
on German reunification
as Kennedy’s host in Paris
opposition to negotiation with Khrushchev
support for U.S. in Cuban Missile Crisis
on U.S. Berlin policy

Demichev, Pyotr

Deng Xiaoping

Dimmer, John

Dobrynin, Anatoly

as adviser for Vienna Summit
concessions from U.S. on missiles in Turkey
diplomatic postings
linking of Berlin and Cuban issues

Doherr, Annamarie

Dönhoff, Marion

Donner, Jörn

Dowling, Walter “Red”

under Adenauer’s influence
admiration for Adenauer
barring of, from East Berlin
in Berlin bureaucracy
on Clay’s appointment to Berlin
on Soviet policy

Dulles, Allen

Dulles, John Foster

 

East Berlin

Bernauer Strasse
job placement in
optimism during Vienna Summit
response to border closure
RIAS radio broadcasts
Stalinist architecture
tourism

See also
East German border closure

East German border closure

Allied civilians
military escorts for
restrictions on
breach of Wall, plans for
confrontation at Checkpoint Charlie
escape attempts
expansion of
first public mention of
implementation of
initial discussions of
Kennedy
acquiescence
inaction
on prospect of closure
relief at closure
Khrushchev
approval
satisfaction
limitation to East German territory
logistical challenges
long-term consequences
official statement on
permanent barriers
plans and preparations
press conference on
punishment of escapees’ families
separation of friends and family
shoot-to-kill police orders
single crossing point for Westerners
tourism
violation of four-power agreements
Warsaw Pact states’ approval of

East Germany

Allied access rights
Chinese assistance to
economic decline and hardships
farm collectivization
Miss Universe refugee
refugee exodus
Soviet oil pipeline
Soviet treaty proposal granting control of access
Steinstücken access
West German trade
See also
East Berlin; East German border closure

Economist

Eikemeier, Fritz

Eisenhower, Dwight D.

admiration for Adenauer
on Berlin situation
Camp David meeting with Khrushchev
concealment of Soviet missile capability
Cuban invasion plan
doubts about Kennedy’s abilities
ignoring of Khrushchev
Kennedy’s opinion of
Laos policy
on nuclear war
Paris Summit with Khrushchev
spy missions over Soviet Union
warning against de Gaulle

Eisler, Gerhard

Ellsberg, Daniel

Ende, Horst

Erhard, Ludwig

 

Fechter, Peter

Flynn, Elizabeth Gurley

France.
See
de Gaulle, Charles

Frankfurter Rundschau

“free city” status for Berlin

Kennedy’s rejection of
Khrushchev’s idea for
Kissinger’s warning on
Ulbricht on

free elections in East and West Germany

Kennedy’s lack of commitment to
Kissinger’s position on
U.S. policy on

Fulbright, William

 

Gaevski, Stanislaw

Gagarin, Yuri

Gavin, James M.

Gelb, Norman

German frontiers and revanchism

German reunification

as Adenauer’s goal
Kennedy’s first mention of
Kennedy’s lack of commitment to
Khrushchev’s resistance to
realization of
skepticism about
Stalin on
U.S. policy on
West German hope for

Gilmore, Eddy

Gilpatric, Roswell

Goldwater, Barry

Gomulka, Wladyslaw

Goodwin, David

Grechko, Andrei

Grewe, Wilhelm

Gromyko, Andrei

and Kennedy’s invitation to Khrushchev
on loss of Chinese alliance
negotiations with Rusk
on Thompson’s efforts in Checkpoint Charlie confrontation
Vienna Summit strategy
on West Berlin parliament meeting

Gruson, Sydney

Guthman, Ed

Gvozdev, Yuri

 

Hager, Kurt

Harriman, W. Averell

on Khrushchev’s influence on U.S. presidential election (1960)
opinion of Khrushchev
Soviet policy deliberations
on Soviet position on Laos
on Soviet release of captive U.S. airmen
stance on Berlin issue

Hartel, Frederick O.

Heichler, Lucian

Hemsing, Albert

Herter, Christian A.

Higgins, Marguerite

Hildebrandt, Regine

Hillenbrand, Martin

Berlin deliberations
on compromised U.S. position in Berlin
on Kennedy’s consideration of war
reply to Khrushchev’s ultimatum
at Vienna Summit

Hillers, Marta

Ho Chi Minh

Hoffmann, Heinz

Holeman, Frank

Home, Lord (Sir Alec Douglas-Home)

Berlin deliberations
on Soviet demands at Vienna Summit

Honecker, Erich

border closure planning and supervision
career ambitions
death in exile
on East German sports movement
and refugee exodus

Hoxha, Enver

Humphrey, Hubert H.

 

Ibárruri, Dolores

Isaacson, Walter

Izvestia

 

Jacobson, Max

Jenkins, Kempton

Johns, Glover S., Jr.

Johnson, Lyndon

as host to Adenauer in Texas
morale-building mission to Berlin
on nuclear buildup plans
shopping in Berlin
Soviet policy deliberations
stance on Berlin issue

Junge Welt

 

Kádár, János

Kaganovich, Lazar

Kaysen, Carl

Kazennov, A. P.

Kellett-Long, Adam

at Checkpoint Charlie confrontation
on impending crisis
joke at border crossing
on Jacqueline Kennedy’s behavior
receipt of border closure announcement
report on border closure

Kennan, George

Kennedy, Jacqueline “Jackie” drug use

impression on de Gaulle
impression on Khrushchev
popularity
stylishness

Kennedy, Joseph P. “Joe,” Sr.

anticommunism and isolationism
wealth and ambition
womanizing

Kennedy, John F.

Acheson
influence over Kennedy
on Kennedy’s leadership ability
Adenauer
distrust of Kennedy
Kennedy’s opinion of
Berlin
on access rights in
assignment of Clay to
consequences of mishandling
on “free city” status proposal
motives about
public pressure for action on
references to
West
Berlin
reinforcement of garrison at
reluctance to discuss
security commitment to
televised Oval Office speech on
visit to
Cuba, Bay of Pigs invasion
acknowledgment of error
demonstration of weakness
failure of mission
linking to Berlin issue
miscalculations and oversights
plan
pretext of U.S. noninvolvement
Cuban Missile Crisis
de Gaulle and
death
drug use
East Berlin, on Soviet control of
East German border closure
acquiescence to
Checkpoint Charlie confrontation
inaction on
on military escort for U.S. vehicles
on prospect of
relief at
Eisenhower
on Berlin issue
on Kennedy’s leadership ability
Kennedy’s opinion of
on Laos
on nuclear war
election (1960)
inauguration and inaugural address
Khrushchev’s role in
margin of victory
Nixon–Kennedy debates
German reunification
first mention of
lack of commitment to
skepticism about
health
Khrushchev
back-channel communications with
confidential correspondence with
Kennedy’s mistrust of
on Kennedy’s weakness
misinterpretation of motives of
role in Kennedy’s election
ultimatum to Kennedy
military buildup
concern at cost of
defense spending
reinforcement of Berlin garrison
test launch of intercontinental ballistic missile
nuclear capability
call for disarmament
disclosure of details
fear of war
military instructions to NATO
nuclear testing
test ban proposal
war planning
political standing
popularity
on racial tensions in U.S.
self-assessment
Soviet policy, ambivalence on
spy-flight ban over Soviet territory
Vienna Summit

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