B004R9Q09U EBOK (41 page)

A

Abbott, Edward,
3

Aeschylus,
66
,
72

Aesop,
105

Age of Enlightenment,
150

Age of Reason,
133
,
141

Agrippa, Cornelius,
127

Aguaruna tribe,
22

Alchemy,
63
,
133

Alcock, John,
11

Alcuin of York,
93
,
259
n.13,14

Alexander the Great,
66
,
71

Alto personal computer,
216

Amazon.com,
233
–
234

American Library Association,
173

American Philosophical Society,
161

Ammianus,
77

Amr,
74

“An Anatomy of the World,”
230

Andrews, Whit,
102

Anklesaria, Farhad,
224

Annenberg Foundation,
220

Ants, pheromone trails,
13
,
14
–
15
,
199

Apollo mission,
218

Apple Hypercard environment,
223

Arab culture,
48
,
95
–
98

Aristophanes,
64
–
65
,
66

Aristophanes of Byzantium,
73

Aristotle,
25
,
27
,
30
,
32
,
65
,
66
–
70
,
71
,
100
,
113
,
124
,
128
,
136
,
156
,
160
,
164

ARPANET project,
224

Artificial languages,
123
,
137
–
141
,
142
,
239
–
241

ASCII type,
113

As Fine as Melanctha
,
22

Ashurbanipal,
54
,
55
,
93

Assyrians,
48
,
54
–
55

Astrology,
35
,
36
–
37
,
63

Astronomy,
35
,
63

Augustine, Saint,
113

Aurelian,
74
–
75

Ausonius,
75

Australian aborigines,
33
–
34
,
36

Authoring/authorship

collaborative tools,
220

networked hypermedia model,
221
–
223

Autodesk,
214

Aztecs,
57
,
161

B

Babbage, Charles,
194

Babylonians,
53
–
54
,
55
,
59

Bacon, Francis,
131
–
137
,
139
,
148
,
163
,
186

Bacteria,
11

Battles, Matthew,
88
,
94

Bees, waggle dance,
13
,
14

Berlin, Brent,
22
,
25
,
35

Berners-Lee, Tim,
183
,
190
–
191
,
225
,
226
,
228

Bestiaries,
100
–
105
,
114

Bestiary
,
100
–
103
,
105

Bible,
84
–
86
,
91
,
111
,
114
,
115
,
120
,
162

Big Bang,
9

Birds, information sharing,
15
–
16

Birkerts, Sven,
3

Blogs and bloggers,
2
,
83
,
228

Bloom, Howard,
9
,
12
,
13
,
131
,
210

Boethius,
113

Book of Hours
,
109
,
115
,
147

Book of Kells
,
82
,
84

Books and bookmaking.

See also
Printing, automated

annotated texts,
89

binding,
88

black market,
119

burning of,
57
,
98

Canon Tables,
84
,
85

codex format,
79

and cultural change,
104
–
105
,
109
–
110

digitization,
3
,
6

dissemination,
103

illuminated manuscripts,
80
–
86
,
99
,
113

illustrated texts,
114
–
115

K manuscript,
104

manuscript copying,
76
,
82
,
87
–
88
,
89
–
90
,
92
,
93
,
103

market for and proliferation of,
75
,
96
,
103
–
104
,
105
,
109
,
110
,
113
,
114
,
115
,
119
,
143
,
147
–
148
,
165
,
167
,
175

meta-books,
147
;

see also
Encyclopedias

model books,
104

paper technology,
109
–
110

papyrus scrolls,
79
,
81

popular/secular literature,
100
–
105
,
109
,
113
,
115
–
116
,
143
,
157

power of,
84
–
85
,
150
–
151

reading aloud,
90

reproduction technologies,
87
–
88
,
103
–
104
,
109
,
110

scholarly texts,
105
,
116

translations,
97
,
103
,
115

travel books,
116

type styles,
83
,
84
,
93
,
113
–
114

woodblock printing,
110
,
111

a “work ” distinguished from,
168
–
169

Borges, Jorge Luis,
140
–
141
,
191

Boston Athenæum,
166
,
171
,
173

Brand, Stewart,
207
–
208

Brin, Sergey,
204

Britannia,
80

Brown, Cecil,
25

Brown, John Seely,
234
,
235

Brown, Roger,
29

Brown University,
217
,
219
–
220
,
221

Bruno, Giordano,
128
–
131
,
262
n.16

Buckland, Michael,
266
n.14

Buffon, Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de,
103
,
148
,
157
–
161
,
164

Bullae
,
49

Bush, Vannevar,
185
,
190
,
192
–
203
,
204
,
205
,
208
,
209
,
210
,
265
n.5,
266
n.19

C

Cahill, Thomas,
48

Cailliau, Robert,
209
,
218

Callimachus,
73
–
74
,
168

Calvinists,
119

Camillo, Giulio,
122
–
124
,
127
,
141

Canon Tables,
84

Carlyle, Thomas,
170

Carolingian Renaissance,
93
–
94

Cassiodorus,
86
–
89
,
94
,
95

Catholic Church.
See
Roman Church Cato,
105

Catullus,
75

Celtic Church,
81
–
84

Celts,
80

Cerf, Vinton G.,
224

CERN laboratory,
225

Charlemagne,
92
–
93
,
106

Charles V,
98

Chemistry,
63

Cheng Moe,
57

Childe, V. Gordon,
49

Chimpanzees,
16

Chinese

astrological calendar,
36
–
37

folk classification system,
35
–
36

Heavenly Archives,
56

libraries,
56
–
57
,
161

written language,
48
,
56
,
257
n.1

Christianity,
77
.

See also
Celtic Church;

Protestant Reformation;

Roman Church

allegorical literature,
100
–
101

cultural bias in classifications,
176

iconography,
105

literacy and,
80
–
81

Cicero,
75
,
93
,
124

Classification.

See also
Library catalogs and classification systems;

Taxonomies

faceted,
178
–
180
,
187
,
188
,
247
–
249

folksonomy,
234
,
269
n.7

of historical events,
145

and scientific method,
130
–
131

universal schemes,
123
,
147
,
154
,
186

Claudian,
93

Clement XIII,
150

Climate change,
41
–
48

Cluetrain Manifesto, The
,
7

Coleridge, Samuel Taylor,
213

Collective intelligence,
13

Columbus, Christopher,
116

Communism,
18

Comparator,
197

Computer Lib
,
211

Computer science,
193

biological approach,
194
,
202

commercial impetus,
195
,
200
,
201
,
215
–
216

mathematical and logical models,
194

Computer theory,
3
,
221

Computers

analog,
194
–
200
,
203
,
265
n.5

biological memory,
203

bit-map displays,
207

digital,
203

hierarchical structure,
201

interactive systems,
217

interfaces,
205
–
208
,
216

mainframes,
216
,
217

mouse,
205
,
218

PC revolution,
200
–
201
,
202
–
203
,
205
,
207
–
208
,
216
,
237

windows-style graphical desktop,
207

Consciousness Explained
,
78

Continents of Knowledge project,
221

Copernicus, Nicolaus,
116

Cortés, Hernando,
57

Cosmology,
128

Crook, Nona,
144
,
145
,
147

Cultural change.

See also individual cultures
;

Oral culture and traditions

biological evolution and,
9
–
21
,
28
,
32

books and bookmaking and,
104
–
105
,
109
–
110

craft literacy,
50

demythologization,
63
–
64
,
65
,
66

digital revolution and,
6
–
7
,
230
–
238

epigenetic rules,
20
–
21
,
25
,
28
,
29

literacy and,
50
–
51
,
63
–
65
,
78
,
83
,
235

meme exchanges,
13
,
14
,
16

multidirectionality,
236
–
237

narrative archetypes,
20

printing press and,
99
,
117
–
121
,
183

Cultural relativism,
11

Currency,
49

Cutter, Charles Ammi,
171
–
173
,
177
,
181
–
182