Alex's Wake (53 page)

Grynszpan, Herschel,
55–56
,
58
,
182

Gumpert, Julian,
226

gypsies (Roma),
194
,
296

Hamburg

     
author's arrival in,
74–76

     
emigration of Jews to Cuba,
79–82

     
HAPAG ships sailing from,
76–78

     
music in history of,
87–89

     
preparing
St. Louis
for Cuba,
82–86

Hameln (Hamelin),
20

HAPAG (Hamburg American Packet-Shipping Joint Stock Company),
76–82

Hapsburg Empire,
286

Harkis (Algerians), at Rivesaltes camp (1954),
223
,
229

Harlingen,
132

Hart, Peter,
157

Haus der Mode
,
34–35
,
38
,
41
,
42–44
,
61

Hebrew Sheltering and Immigrant Aid Society of America (HIAS),
263

Herrmann, Frau,
29–30

Herzl, Theodore,
152

Hestermann, Ottheinrich,
51
,
54

Hestin, Audrey,
272

Heydrich, Reinhard,
77–78
,
290–291

HIAS (Hebrew Sheltering and Immigrant Aid Society of America),
263

HICEM organization, helping Jews emigrate,
243

Himmler, Heinrich,
287–288
,
291

Hindeloopen,
132

Hitler, Adolf

     
assuming power in 1933,
149

     
early history of National Socialism,
44–47

     
French armistice and,
181–182

     
on meaning of
St. Louis
voyage,
130

     
Munich Agreement and,
202

     
Nuremberg Laws of,
48

     
social, ethnic, and military goals,
287

Holocaust

     
Auschwitz as epicenter of,
288

     
Auschwitz-Birkenau Memorial Museum,
299

     
author as Jewish descendant of victims of,
62

     
Birkenau and,
301–302

     
Camp Agde and,
208

     
German legacy and,
283

     
memorial at Yad Vashem in Israel,
191

     
Peschanski, Denis, as historian of,
230

     
Rivesaltes and,
212

     
survivors,
309

     
Zuccotti, Susan, as historian of,
265

Holocaust Memorial Museum (United States)

     
archivists of,
168

     
author's visits to,
8–9

     
letter from Alex at Camp Agde,
204–205

     
researching Alex and Helmut's journey through France,
165

     
researching Camp des Milles,
241
,
244

     
researching Rivesaltes,
221–224

     
researching
St. Louis
refugees,
11
,
83
,
96
,
98
,
121
,
123

Holthusen, Claus-Gottfried,
78
,
84

Holy Roman Empire,
286

Hope Chained
, war monument in Montauban,
192–194

horse trade,
21–24
,
36

Höss, Rudolf,
288
,
295

Hotel des Emigrants, Boulogne,
135–138

Hotel International, at Martigny-les-Bains agricultural center for Jewish refugees,
156–164

     
history of,
148–149

     
ruined hopes for,
168–169

     
visit to,
145–147

House of Coats.
See
Mantelhaus Goldschmidt

House of Style.
See
Haus der Mode

Hugo, Victor,
273

Immigration Act of 1924,
127–129
,
245

Inextinguishable Symphony, The
(Goldsmith),
1–2
,
5
,
165–166
,
226

Ingres, Jean Auguste Dominique (painter),
180

International Red Cross,
202

International Relief Association, Inc. (IRA),
250

IRA (International Relief Association, Inc.),
250

Iron Cross, First Class,
2
,
38
,
44

Jacob, Max,
278

Jacoby, Dietgard,
70

     
attending memorial in Oldenburg,
313–315
,
317–318
,
320
,
323–324

     
hosting author in Oldenburg,
34
,
62

     
scattering of George's ashes,
64–65

James the Conqueror,
213

Janssen, Ingrid,
275
,
279–281
,
283

Jaspers, Karl,
50

Jeudi noir
(Black Thursday),
263

Jewish Cultural Association,
226

Jewish Problem,
47–48
,
77–78
,
185
,
290

Jews

     
anti-Semitism of Vichy government,
184–187

     
Aryanization of Jewish enterprises,
58–60

     
commemoration of Jews persecuted in Germany,
313–314

     
expelling Jewish children from schools,
58–59

     
extermination policy via Final Solution,
290–291
,
296

     
fleeing Germany,
154–156

     
fleeing Germany via Hamburg,
77–82

     
Gestapo round-up of, in Sachsenhagen,
28–29

     
history in France,
149–150

     
Hitler's social, ethnic, and military goals,
287

     
life in Sachsenhagen,
17–19

     
mass deportation to extermination camps,
190–191

     
Nazi Party and,
45–48

     
policy enforcing delivery of foreign Jews to Nazis,
263–264

     
professions/excluded professions of,
21

     
subtle and overt attacks on,
50–55

Joffre, Joseph,
218

Joint, the.
See
American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee

Joseph, Liesl,
118

Journey Into Freedom
(Hart),
158

Judaism,
4–5

Karliner, Herbert,
113–114
,
128

Karliner, Joseph,
82

Kennedy, Joseph P.,
116

Kindertransport,
308–309

Kishagashugah, chief of Osage tribe,
175–178

Klarsfeld, Serge,
190

Knochen, Helmut,
184

Kremer, Johann,
289

Kristallnacht
(Night of Broken Glass)

     
arrest of author's grandfather,
319

     
German Jews response to,
78–82

     
Grynszpan, Herschel, blamed for,
182

     
Janssen, Ingrid, and events in Oldenburg,
279–280

     
spurring France to take refugees,
155–156

     
violence of,
28
,
56

Kryl, Bohumir,
250
,
255

La Cité de la Muette
(The Silent City) (Lods and Beaudouin),
275–281

La France juive
(Drumont),
150–151

La Libre parole
,
151–152

Labarthète, Henri du Molin de,
184

Lambert, Raymond-Raoul,
117
,
135
,
155
,
186

L'Auto
daily,
152

Laval, Pierre,
240
,
263

Law Against Overcrowding of German Schools and Universities,
50–51

Law for the Defense of German Blood and Honor,
48

Le Velo
sports daily,
152

Lebensraum
,
287

Leger, Alexis,
116

Lenz & Company,
295

Leopold III, King,
115

Les Milles,
238–239
.
See also
Camp des Milles
;
Les Milles, concentration camp

Les Milles, concentration camp,
307

     
artists and intellectuals at,
244–245

     
author and wife's visit to,
264–270

     
author's research on relatives in,
9–10

     
brick factory as internment camp for refugees,
239

     
letters from Alex and Helmut,
251–255

     
living conditions,
240–243

     
as product of Vichy government,
239–240

     
U.S. immigration policy and,
246–251

Lichtman, Allan,
127–128

Liliane, Madame Gerard,
163–164

Lipman-Wulf, Peter,
244–245

living conditions

     
Agde,
203–204

     
Auschwitz,
288–289

     
Camp des Milles,
240–242

     
Drancy,
276

     
Rivesaltes,
218–221

Lods, Marcel,
275–276

Long, Breckinridge,
246

Louis XV, King of France,
175

Luther, Martin,
284

Maginot Line, German invasion and,
180

Majdanek extermination camp,
291
,
295

Majorca,
213–214

Manen, Henri,
264–265

Mann, Golo,
244

Mantelhaus Goldschmidt
,
43–45
,
61

Margoshes, Samuel,
124–126
,
140–142

Markreich, Max,
166
,
225–226
,
245
,
250–251
,
260

Marseille (Massalia),
236
,
243–244

Martigny-les-Bains

     
agricultural center for Jewish refugees,
156–162

     
author's journey to,
143–149

     
internment of Alex and Helmut at Camp du Martinet,
167–169