The village. [Translation from the original Russian text by Isabel Hapgood] (13 page)

Excitedly twisting the buttons of his long-tailed coat, now buttoning, again unbuttoning them, frowning and grimacing, Kuzma, perturbed, said in reply: "Such a nation! 'Tis the greatest of nations, and not 'such' a nation, permit me to remark to you!"

"Don't you presume to confer prizes!" Balaskhin shouted.

"Yes, sir, I will presume! For those writers were children of that same nation!"

"Yes, curse you, they were—but George Sand was no worse than your Zhadovskaya, and she did not drown herself!"

"Platon KarataefT—there's an acknowledged type of that nation!"

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"And why not Yeroshka, why not Lukashka? My good man, if I take a notion to shake up literature I'll find boots to fit all the gods! Why Karataeff and not RuzuvaefF and KolupaefT? why not a blood-sucker spider, an extortioner priest, a venal deacon? some Saltytchikha or other? Why not Karamazoff and Oblomoff, KhlestyakofF and Nozdreff ? or, not to go too far afield, why not your good-for-nothing, nasty brother, Tishka Krasoff?"

"Platon Karataeff—"

"The lice have eaten your Karataeff! I don't see that he's an ideal!"

"But the Russian martyrs, saints, holy men, the fools-for-Christ's-sake, the Old Ritualists?"

"Wha-at's that? Well, how about the Coliseum, the crusades, the lerigious wars, the countless sects? And Luther, to wind up? No, nonsense! You can't beat me down with one blow, like that!"

"Then what, in your opinion, ought to be done?" shouted Kuzma. "Blindfold our eyes and rush to the ends of the world?"

But at this point Balashkin suddenly became extinguished. He closed his eyes, and his huge grey face portrayed advanced, painful old age. For a long time with drooping head he turned over something in his mind, and at last muttered: "What ought to be done? I don't know: we are ruined. Our last asset was 'Memoirs of the Fatherland,' and that has been knocked in the head! And yet, you fool, you think the only thing that is necessary is to educate oneself."

Yes, one thing was necessary—to acquire an educa-

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tion. But when? And how? Five whole years he had spent in peddling—and they were the best period of his life! Even the arrival in a town seemed an immense happiness. Rest, acquaintances, the odour of bake-shops and iron roofs, the pavement on Trading Street, fresh white rolls and the Persian March on the mechanical organ of the "Kars" eating-house. The floors in the shops watered from a teapot, the wood-notes of a famous quail in front of Rudakoff's door, the smell of the fish shops in the bazaar, of fennel and coarse tobacco. The kindly and terrible smile of Ba-lashkin at the sight of Kuzma approaching. Then-thunders and curses on the Slavophils, Byelinsky and vile abuse, incoherent and passionate interchange of opprobrious names between the two, quotations. And, to wind up, the most desperately absurd deductions. "Well, now we've got to the end of our rope—and we're dashing back to Asia at full speed!" the old man rumbled, and, abruptly lowering his voice, he cast a glance around him: "Have you heard? They say that Saltykoff is dying. He's the last. Tis said he was poisoned." And in the morning—again the springless cart, the steppe, sultry heat or mud, strained and painful reading to the accompaniment of jolts from the swiftly revolving wheels. Protracted contemplation of the steppe's vast spaces, the sweetly melancholy melody of verses within, interrupted by thoughts about grains or of squabbles with Tikhon. The perturbing odour of the road—of dust and tar. The odour of gingerbread, flavoured with mint, and the suffocating stench of cat hides, of dirty fleeces, of boots greased with

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train-oil. Those years had, in truth, been a drain on his strength—the fatigue of not changing his shirt for a fortnight, of food eaten without the relief of any liquid, of lameness caused by heels bruised to the point of bleeding, of nights passed in strange villages, in strange cottages and sheds!

Ill

KUZMA crossed himself with a grand flourish when, at last, he escaped from that slavery. But he was already nearly thirty years of age; his hair was noticeably grey; he had become more sober, more serious; he had abandoned his verses, had abandoned reading; he had become accustomed to eating-houses, to drinking-bouts. He served for a year less a week with a drover near Eletz, went to Moscow on his employer's business—and left his service. Long before that time he had begun a love affair in Vero-nezh, with a married woman, and he longed to go thither. So he knocked about in Voronezh for nearly ten years, busying himself with the purchase of grain, horse-trading, and writing articles about the grain trade for the newspapers, bewildering—or, to speak more correctly, poisoning—his mind with the articles of Tolstoy and the satires of Saltykoff. And, all the while, he was overwhelmed with the conviction that he was wasting—had wasted—his life.

"There, now," he said, as he recalled those years,

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"that's what it signifies—that knowledge without education!"

In the early 'nineties Balashkin died of hernia, and Kuzma saw him, for the last time, not long before his death. And What an interview it was!

"I must write," complained one, gloomily and angrily. "One withers away like a burdock in the field."

"Yes, yes," boomed the other. The squint of his dying eye was already drowsy, and his jaws moved with difficulty, and the coarse tobacco did not fall as it should have done on his cigarette paper. "As the saying runs: learn every hour, think every hour, look about you at all our poverty and wretchedness—" Then, with a shame-faced grin, he laid aside his cigarette and thrust his hand into the breast of his coat. "Here," he mumbled, rummaging in a package of tattered papers and clippings from newspapers. "Here, my friend, is a pile of stuff of some value. There was a great famine, curse it. And I read everything about it, and wrote it all down. When I die, 'twill be of some use to you, this devil's material. Nothing but scurvy and typhus, typhus and scurvy. In one county all the small children died; in another all the dogs were eaten up. God is my witness that I am telling no lie! Here, wait a minute, I'll find it for you immediately—"

But he rummaged and rummaged and did not find it, hunted for his spectacles, began in alarm to search through his pockets, to look under the counter, got tired, and gave it up. And, as soon as he gave up the

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search, he began to drowse and waggle his head.

"But no, no—don't you dare to touch on that yet. You are still uneducated, a weak-minded fellow. Cut a tree to suit your powers. Have you written anything on that subject I suggested to you—about Suk-honosy? Not yet? Well, so you are an ass's jaw, as I said, after all. What a subject that was!"

"I ought to write about the village, about the populace," said Kuzma. "For you yourself are always saying: 'Russia, Russia—'"

"Well, and isn't Sukhonosy the populace? isn't it Russia? All Russia is nothing but a village: get that firmly fixed in your noddle! Look about you: is this a town, in your opinion? The flocks jam the streets every evening—they kick up such a dust that you can't see your next-door neighbour. But you call it a 'town'! Ugh, you dull clodhopper—'tis plain that one might drive a stake into your head, and still you would never write anything."

And Kuzma understood clearly and conclusively that Balashkin had spoken the sacred truth: he was not destined to write. There was Sukhonosy. For many years that repulsive old man of the Suburb had never been out of his mind—an old man whose sole property consisted of a mattress infested with bugs and a woman's moth-eaten cloak which he had inherited from his wife. He begged, fell ill, starved, roosted for fifty kopeks a month in one corner of a cottage occupied by a woman trader in the "gluttons' row," and, in her opinion, might very well set his affairs straight by selling his inheritance. But he prized it

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as the apple of his eye—and, of course, not in the least because of tender feelings toward the late lamented: it afforded him the consciousness that he owned incomparably more property than other folks. It seemed to him that it was worth a devilishly high price: "Nowadays such cloaks are not to be had at all!" He was not disinclined, not in the least disinclined, to sell it. But he asked such an outrageous price that would-be purchasers were dazed. And Kuzma understood this tragedy of the Suburb perfectly. But when he began to consider how it should be expressed, he began to live through the whole complicated life of the Suburb, through recollections of his childhood, of his youth—and he became confused, drowned Sukhonosy in the abundance of the pictures which besieged his memory, and dropped his hands in despair, crushed by the necessity of expressing his own soul, of setting forth everything which had crippled his own life. And the most terrible thing about that life was the fact that it was a simple, everyday life, which broke up into petty details with incomprehensible rapidity. Yes, and what was more, he did not know how to write: he did not even know how to think regularly or long; he suffered like a puppy in a bed of straw when he took up a pen. And Balashkin's death-bed prophecy brought him to his senses; 'twas not for him to write stories! So the first thought which flashed through his mind was, to write "The Sum-Total," a stern, harsh epitaph on himself and—on Russia.

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IV

BUT since that time twelve more barren years had elapsed. He had plied the trade of horse-dealer in Voronezh; then, when the woman with whom he had been living died of puerperal fever, he had carried on the same trade in Eletz, had worked in a candle shop in Lipetzk, had been a clerk on Kasatkin's farm. And his life had flowed on smoothly, engrossed in work, in everyday tasks—until his habit of tippling had rather abruptly turned into hard drinking. He had become a passionate follower of Tolstoy: for about a year he did not smoke, never took a drop of vodka, ate no meat, never parted with "My Confession" and "The Gospels," wanted to emigrate to the Caucasus anoVjoin the Dukhobortzy. 1 But he was sent to Kieff on a business matter. And as he set forth, he felt something akin to a sickly joy, as if he had suddenly been released, after prolonged imprisonment, into complete freedom. It was clear weather at the end of September, and everything seemed easy, very beautiful—the pure air, the comfortable sun, and the cadence of the train, the open windows, and the flowering forests which flashed past them. All at once, when the train halted at Nyezhin, Kuzma saw a large

1 A sect which denies the divinity of the Holy Spirit. They emigrated from the Caucasus to British Columbia in the Ws, with money furnished by Count L. N. Tolstoy, and have had many conflicts with the British authorities.— trans.

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crowd surrounding the door of the station. The crowd was gathered round some one, and was shouting and quarrelling in great agitation. Kuzma's heart began to beat violently, and he ran toward the crowd. Rapidly elbowing his way through it, he caught sight of the red cap of the station-master, the white, pyramidal cap of a cook, resembling that of a Kazak Hetman, and the grey overcoat of a sturdy gendarme, engaged in roundly berating three Little Russians, who were standing meekly erect in front of him, clad in short, thick coats, indestructible boots, and caps of snuff-coloured lambskin. These caps hung precariously on some dreadful objects that proved to be round heads bandaged with coarse muslin, stiff with dried serous fluid, above swollen eyes and faces puffy and glassy with greenish-yellow bruises, bearing wounds on which the blood had coagulated and turned black. The men had been bitten by a mad wolf, had been despatched to the hospital in Kieff, and had been held up for days at a stretch at almost every large station, without a morsel of bread or a kopek of money. And, on learning that they were not to be taken aboard now, because the train was called an express train, Kuzma suddenly flew into a rage and, to the accompaniment of approving yells from the Jews in the throng, began to bawl and stamp his feet at the gendarme. He was arrested, an official report was drawn up, and, while awaiting the next train, Kuzma, for the first time in his life, got dead drunk. The Little Russians were from the Tchernigoff

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Government. This he had always thought of as a faraway region with a sky of dim, gloomy blue above the forests. These men, who had gone through a hand-to-hand encounter with the mad wolf, reminded him of the days of Vladimir, the life of long ago, of ancient peasant life in the pine forests. And as he proceeded to get drunk, pouring out glass after glass of liquor with hands shaking after the row, Kuzma became transported with delight: "Akh, that was a great epoch!" He was choking with wrath at the gendarme, and at those meek cattle in their long-tailed coats. Stupid, savage, curse them! But—Russia, ancient Russia! And tears of drunken joy and fervour, which distorted every picture to supernatural dimensions, obscured Kuzma's vision. "But how about non-resistance?" recurred to his mind at intervals, and he shook his head with a grin. A trim young officer was eating his dinner, with his back to him, at the general table; and Kuzma gazed in an amicably insolent manner at his white linen uniform blouse, so short, so high-waisted, that he wanted to step up to him and pull it down. "And I will do that!" thought Kuzma. "But he would jump up and shout —and slap my face! There's non-resistance for you!" Then he journeyed on to Kieff and, completely abandoning his business, spent three days roaming about the city and on the bluffs above the Dnyepr, in the joyous excitement induced by his intoxication.

In the Cathedral of St. Sophia, at the Liturgy, many persons stared in amazement at the thin, broad-

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shouldered katzap x who stood in front of Yaroslaff's 2 tomb. He was neatly dressed, held in his hand a new peaked cap, stood with decorum; but there was something queer in his general appearance. The service came to an end: the congregation departed, and the doors were opened; the verger extinguished the candles. Through the upper windows, athwart the blue smoke, filtered golden streaks of the hot noonday sun; but he, with set teeth, his sparse greying beard drooping on his breast and his deeply sunken eyes closed in a sort of happy pain, remained there listening to the pealing of the bells, carolling and dully booming above the cathedral—that ancient peal which had, in days of yore, accompanied the campaigns against the Petchen-yegi. 3 And, toward evening, Kuzma was seen at the Lavia. 4 He was sitting opposite its gate beneath a withered acacia, alongside a crippled lad, gazing with a troubled, melancholy smile at its white walls and enclosures, at the gold of its little cupolas shining against the pure autumnal sky. The lad had no cap, a sack of coarse linen hung over his shoulder, and on his body hung dirty, ragged old garments; in one hand he held