You Are the Music: How Music Reveals What it Means to be Human (26 page)

44
Hannon, E.E., and Trainor, L.J. (2007), ‘Music acquisition: Effects of enculturation and formal training on development’,
Trends in Cognitive Sciences
, 11(11), 466–472. Bigand, E., and Poulin-Charronnat, B. (2006), ‘Are we “experienced listeners”? A review of the musical capacities that do not depend on formal musical training’,
Cognition,
100(1), 100–130. Trainor, L.J., and Trehub, S.E. (1994), ‘Key membership and implied harmony in Western tonal music: Developmental perspectives’,
Perception and Psychophysics
, 56(2), 125–132.

Chapter 3: Music for adolescence

1
You need to have seen
Dirty Rotten Scoundrels
, starring Michael Caine and Steve Martin, to get that reference. Good film.

2
Bonneville-Roussy, A., Rentfrow, P.J., Xu, M.K., and Potter, J. (2013), ‘Music through the ages: Trends in musical engagement and preferences from adolescence through middle adulthood’,
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
, 105(4), 703–717.

3
Juslin, P.N., et al. (2008), ‘An experience sampling study of emotional reactions to music: Listener, music, and situation’,
Emotion
, 8(5), 668–683.

4
DeNora, T. (1999), ‘Music as a technology of the self’,
Poetics
, 27, 31–56. DeNora, T. (2000),
Music in everyday life.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

5
Gabrielsson, A. (transl. R. Bradbury) (2011),
Strong experiences with music
. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

6
North, A.C., Hargreaves, D.J., and Hargreaves, J.J. (2004), ‘Uses of music in everyday life’,
Music Perception
, 22(1), 41–77. North, A.C., and Hargreaves, D.J. (2009), ‘The power of music’,
The Psychologist
, 22(2), 1012–1015.

7
Allen, R., Walsh, R., and Zangwell, N. (2013), ‘The same, only different: what can responses to music in autism tell us about the nature of musical emotions?’,
Frontiers in Psychology
, 4, 156.

8
Juslin, P., and Västfjäll, D. (2008), ‘Emotional responses to music: The need to consider underlying mechanisms’,
Behavioral and Brain Sciences
, 31(5), 559–575.

9
Juslin, P.N., and Laukka, P. (2003), ‘Communication of emotion in vocal expression and music performance: Different channels, same code?’,
Psychological Bulletin
, 129(5), 770–814.

10
Lerdahl, F., and Jackendoff, R. (1983),
A generative theory of tonal music
. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

11
Salimpoor, V.N., et al. (2011), ‘Anatomically distinct dopamine release during anticipation and experience of peak emotion to music’,
Nature Neuroscience
, 14, 257–262.

12
Davies, J.B. (1978),
The Psychology of Music
. London: Hutchinson.

13
North, A.C., Hargreaves, D.J., and O’Neill, S.A. (2000), ‘The importance of music to adolescents’,
British Journal of Educational Psychology
, 70, 255–272.

14
Krause, A.E., North, A.C., and Hewitt, L.Y. (2013), ‘Music listening in everyday life: Devices and choice’.
Psychology of Music
, DOI: 10.1177/0305735613496860.

15
Schwartz, K.D., and Fouts, G.T. (2003), ‘Music preferences, personality style and developmental issues of adolescents’,
Journal of Youth and Adolescence
, 32(3), 205–213.

16
Lonsdale, A.J., and North, A.C. (2011), ‘Why do we listen to music? A uses & gratifications analysis’,
British Journal of Psychology
, 102(1), 108–134.

17
Mullis, R.L., and Chapman, P. (2000), ‘Age, gender, and self-esteem differences in adolescent coping style’,
Journal of Social Psychology
, 140(4), 539–541.

18
Saarikallio, S. (2007), ‘Music as mood regulation in adolescence’, Ph.D. dissertation, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland. Saarikallio, S., and Erkkilä, J. (2007), ‘The role of music in adolescents’ mood regulation’,
Psychology of Music
, 35(1), 88–109.

19
Miranda, D., and Claes, M. (2009), ‘Music listening, coping, peer affiliation and depression in adolescence’,
Psychology of Music
, 37(2), 215–233.

20
Raviv, A., Bar-Tal, D., Raviv, A., and Ben-Horin, A. (1996), ‘Adolescent idolization of pop singers: Causes, expressions, and reliance’,
Journal of Youth and Adolescence
, 25(5), 631–650. Saarikallio, A., and Erkkilä, J. (2007), ‘The role of music in adolescents’ mood regulation’,
Psychology of Music
, 35(1), 88–109.

21
Saarikallio, S., and Erkkilä, J. (2007), ‘The role of music in adolescents’ mood regulation’,
Psychology of Music
, 35(1), 88–109.

22
North, A.C., and Hargreaves, D.J. (2003), ‘Is music important? Two common misconceptions’,
The Psychologist
, 16(8), 406–410.

23
Associated Press article from 1957 sourced from
http://quoteinvestigator.com/2012/07/13/rock-degenerate/
(downloaded 3 September 2012).

24
Maguire, E.R., and Snipes, J.B. (1994), ‘Reassessing the link between country music and suicide’,
Social Forces,
72(4), 1239–1243. Mulder, J., et al. (2007), ‘Music Taste Groups and Problem Behavior’,
Journal of Youth and Adolescence
, 36(3), 313–324.

25
Bleich, S., Zillmann, D., and Weaver, J. (1991), ‘Enjoyment and consumption of defiant rock music as a function of adolescent rebelliousness’,
Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media
, 35(3), 351–366. Hansen, C.H., and Hansen, R.D. (1990), ‘Rock music videos and antisocial behavior’,
Basic and Applied Social Psychology
, 11(4), 357–369. Johnson, J.D., Jackson, L.A., and Gatto, L. (1995), ‘Violent attitudes and deferred academic aspiration: Deleterious effects of exposure to rap music’,
Basic and Applied Social Psychology
, 16(1-2), 27–41.

26
Anderson, C.A., et al. (2003), ‘The influence of media violence on youth’,
Psychological Science in the Public Interest
, 4(3), 81–110.

27
Martin, G., Clarke, M., and Pearce, C. (1993), ‘Adolescent suicide: Music preference as an indicator of vulnerability’,
Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
, 32(3), 530–535.

28
Hansen, C.H., and Hansen, R.D. (1990), ‘Rock music videos and antisocial behavior’,
Basic and Applied Social Psychology
, 11(4), 357–369. Johnson, J.D., Jackson, L.A., and Gatto, L. (1995), ‘Violent attitudes and deferred academic aspirations: Deleterious effects of exposure to rap music’,
Basic and Applied Social Psychology
, 16(1-2), 27–41. Kalof, L. (1999), ‘The effects of gender and music video imagery on sexual attitudes’,
Journal of Social Psychology
, 139(3), 378–385.

29
Anderson, C.A., Carnagey, N.L., and Eubanks, J. (2003), ‘Exposure to violent media: The effects of songs with violent lyrics on aggressive thoughts and feelings’,
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
, 84(5), 960–971.

30
North, A.C., and Hargreaves, D.J. (2005), ‘Brief report: Labelling effects on the perceived deleterious consequences of pop music listening’,
Journal of Adolescence
, 28(3), 433–440.

31
Fischer, P., and Greitemeyer, T. (2006), ‘Music and aggression. The impact of sexual-aggressive song lyrics on aggression-related thoughts, emotions and behavior toward the same and the opposite sex’,
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,
32(9), 1165–1176.

32
MacDonald, R.A.R., Hargreaves, D.J., and Miell, D. (eds.),
Musical identities
. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

33
O’Neill, S.A. (2002), ‘The self-identity of young musicians’, in R.A.R. MacDonald, D.J. Hargreaves and D. Miell (eds),
Musical identities
(pp. 79–96). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

34
Rentfrow, P.J. (2012), ‘The role of music in everyday life: Current directions in the social psychology of music’,
Social and Personality Psychology
, 6(5), 402–416.

35
Rentfrow, P.J., and Gosling, S.D. (2003), ‘The do re mi’s of everyday life: the structure and personality correlates of music preferences’,
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
, 84(6), 1236–1256.

36
Tarrant, M., North, A.C., and Hargreaves, D.J. (2000), ‘English and American adolescents’ reasons for listening to music’,
Psychology of Music
, 28(2), 166–173.

37
Tekman, H.G., and Hortaçsu, N. (2002), ‘Aspects of stylistic knowledge: What are different styles like and why do we listen to them?’,
Psychology of Music,
30(1), 28–47.

38
Berger, J., and Heath, C. (2008), ‘Who Drives Divergence? Identity-Signaling, Outgroup Dissimilarity, and the Abandonment of Cultural Tastes’,
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
, 95(3), 593–607.

39
Tarrant, M., North, A.C., and Hargreaves, D.J. (2001), ‘Social categorisation, self-esteem, and the estimated musical preferences of male adolescents’,
Journal of Social Psychology
, 141(5), 565–581.

40
Zillmann, D., and Gan, S. (1997), ‘Musical taste in adolescence’, in D.J. Hargreaves, and A. North (eds),
The social psychology of music
(pp. 161–187). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

41
Knobloch, S., Vorderer, P., and Zillmann, D. (2000), ‘The impact of music preferences on the perception of potential friends in adolescence’,
Zeitschrift fur Sozialpsychologie
, 31, 18–30.

42
Rodríguez-Bailón, R., Ruiz, J., and Moya, M. (2009), ‘The Impact of Music on Automatically Activated Attitudes: Flamenco and Gypsy People’,
Group Processes Intergroup Relations
, 12(3) 381–396.

43
Holbrook, M.B., and Schindler, R.M. (1989), ‘Some exploratory findings on the development of musical tastes’,
Journal of Consumer Research
, 16, 119–124.

44
Gabrielsson, A. (transl. R. Bradbury) (2011),
Strong Experiences with Music
. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

45
Rentfrow, P.J. (2012), ‘The role of music in everyday life: Current directions in the social psychology of music’,
Social and Personality Psychology
, 6(5), 402–416.

46
Salimpoor, V.N., et al. (2011), ‘Anatomically distinct dopamine release during anticipation and experience of peak emotion to music’,
Nature Neuroscience
, 14, 257–262.

47
Janata, P., Tomic, S.T., and Rakowski, S.K. (2007), ‘Characterisation of music-evoked autobiographical memories’,
Memory
, 15, 845–860.

48
Janata, P. (2009), ‘The neural architecture of music-evoked autobiographical memories’,
Cerebral Cortex
, 19(11), 2579–2594.

49
‘(Sittin’ on) the Dock of the Bay’ by Otis Redding, ‘Across the Universe’ by The Beatles, ‘Bachata Rosa’ by Juan Luis Guerra, ‘Mr Tambourine Man’ by The Byrds, ‘Piece of my Heart’ by Big Brother and the Holding Company (featuring Janis Joplin on lead vocals). ‘Bachata Rosa’ is the odd one out.

50
‘The Moors’ by Weather Report, ‘If You Want Me To Stay’ by Sly Stone, ‘Concrete Jungle’ by The Wailers, ‘September Gurls’ by Alex Chilton’s Big Star, ‘Be My Baby’ by The Ronettes, ‘Every Day’ by Buddy Holly.

Chapter 4: The musical adult

1
Altenmüller, E., and Schlaug, G. (2012), ‘Music, Brain and Health: Exploring Biological Foundations of Music’s Health Effect’, in R.A.R. MacDonald, G. Kreutz and L. Mitchell (eds.),
Music, Health, & Wellbeing
. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

2
Maguire, E.A., Woollett, K., and Spiers, H.J. (2006), ‘London taxi drivers and bus drivers: A structural MRI and neuropsychological analysis’,
Hippocampus
, 16(12), 1091–1101.

3
Driemeyer, J., et al. (2008), ‘Changes in gray matter induced by learning—revisited’,
PLOS ONE
, 3(7), e2669.

4
Schlaug, G., et al. (2009), ‘Training-induced Brain plasticity in Young Children’,
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
, 1169, 205–208.

5
Stewart, L. (2008), ‘Do musicians have different brains?’,
Clinical Medicine
, 8, 304–308. Barrett, K.C., Ashley, R., Strait, D.L., and Kraus, N. (2013) Art and Science: How Musical Training Shapes the Brain.
Frontiers in Auditory Cognitive Neuroscience
, 4, 713

6
Hyde, K.L., et al. (2009), ‘The effects of musical training on structural brain development: a longitudinal study’,
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences,
1169, 182–186. Hyde, K.L., et al. (2009), ‘Musical Training Shapes Structural Brain Development’,
Journal of Neuroscience,
29(10), 3019–3025.

7
Schlaug, G., Jancke, L., Huang, Y., and Staiger, J.F. (1995), ‘Increased corpus callosum size in musicians’,
Neuropsychologia
, 33(8), 1047–1055.

8
Westerhausen, R., et al. (2006), ‘Interhemispheric transfer time and structural properties of the corpus callosum’,
Neuroscience Letters,
409(2), 140–145. Patston, L.L.M, et al. (2007), ‘The unusual symmetry of musicians: Musicians have equilateral interhemispheric transfer for visual information’,
Neuropsychologia
, 45(9), 2059–2065.

9
Ridding, M.C., Brouwer, B., and Nordstrom, M.A. (2000), ‘Reduced interhemispheric inhibition in musicians’,
Experimental Brain Research
, 133, 249–253.

10
Bengtsson, S.L., et al. (2005), ‘Extensive piano practicing has regionally specific effects on white matter development’,
Nature Neurosciences
, 8, 1148–1150.

11
Halwani, G.F., Loui, P., Rueber, T., and Schlaug, G. (2011), ‘Effects of practice and experience on the arcuate fasciculus: comparing singers, instrumentalists, and non-musicians’,
Frontiers in Psychology
, 2, 156.

12
Stewart, L. (2008), ‘Do musicians have different brains?’,
Clinical medicine
, 8(3), 304–308.