Where the Conflict Really Lies: Science, Religion, and Naturalism (45 page)

Campbell, George Douglas, 246n

Cantor, Georg, 289

Carr, Brandon, 194–195

Carroll, Sean, 234n

Carter, Brandon, 195n

Chance hypothesis, 198–199, 204, 232

Causal closure, xii, 70–73, 78–90, 92, 94, 96, 99, 105, 108, 118, 119n, 130, 158, 298

Chance, 11, 16n, 29, 65, 67, 98n, 198–199, 204, 205–206, 232, 272

Christian creeds, 8

Christianity, 4–5, 8, 11–12, 32, 41–49, 57, 58–60, 65–68, 119–121, 140, 144n, 149–152, 154–156, 164, 168, 173–174, 177–178, 268–269, 272–274

Chomsky, Noam, 269–270

Churchland, Patricia, 315–316, 327

Churchland, Paul, 345n

Clark, Kelly, xv–xvi, 140n

Clarke, Samuel, 274

Classical physics, 77–78, 89, 92

Clayton, Philip, 74–75, 97–98, 105, 111, 114

Coarse-tuning arguments, 211

Cognitive faculties, xiv, 140, 156, 244, 269–271, 285, 286, 295, 311–317, 326, 328, 325–350

reliability of, xiv, 269–271, 285, 286, 295, 311–317, 326, 325–350.
See also
reformed epistemology

Collapse interpretations (of quantum mechanics), 115–116, 119n, 276n

Collins, John, 158n, 159n

Collins, Robin, xv, 78n, 197–198, 208, 211n, 218, 262, 332

Common ancestry thesis, 9, 41n, 55

Complete Darwinian history, 15

Completeness of physics, 77, 86

Complexity of God, 26–30

Conditionalization problem, 343, 347

Consequence argument, 88–89

Conservation laws, xiii, 76, 78, 119n

Consilience, 297

Contingency of creation, 281, 299–302

Copenhagen interpretation (of Quantum Mechanics), 96, 114–115

location problem for, 115

measurement problem for, 114–115

Copernicus, Nicolaus, 185–186, 266

Copernican Revolution, 6n

Cosmological argument, 41, 42

Cosmological constants, 194–199, 212

fine-tuning of, 194–199

Cosmology, 121, 194

Cotes, Roger, 266, 275, 302

Countable additivity, 206–211

Counterfactuals, 16n, 261, 338–339

Counterpossibles, 338–339

Coyne, Jerry, 234

Craig, William Lane, 42–43, 95, 179n, 197

Creationism, 10, 144n.
See also
young earth creationism

Crick, Sir Frances, 257, 260–262, 322–323

Crisp, Tom, xv, 152n, 348n

Curve fitting problem, 297–298

Danielson, Dennis R., 6n

Darwin, Charles, 7–9, 12, 14, 23, 56–57, 61, 228, 245–246, 252–254, 308, 316

Darwin’s doubt, 316–317

Darwinian explanation(s).
See
explanation, Darwinian

Darwinism, 9–11, 26–28, 38, 55–56, 130, 226, 240, 254, 259

Data model, 171–172

Davies, Paul, 196

Davis, Stephen, 179n

Dawkins, Richard, x, 7, 8, 13–30, 33, 37, 39, 40–41, 45n, 49, 52, 54, 55, 75, 137, 200n, 234, 252–253, 282, 283n, 307n, 308–309, 319

blind watchmaker argument, 13–30

Ultimate Boeing 747 argument, 28–30

Defeat

of rationality.
See
rationality defeaters

reduction test for, the.
See
reduction test, the

Defeater, xiii, xiv, 60, 120, 125, 130, 161, 164–167, 174–178, 183–190, 249–262, 314, 339–350

for basic beliefs, 249–250, 260, 341–342

partial, 252, 254n, 256, 258–260, 262

rebutting, 165, 251, 252–254, 258

undercutting, 165, 252, 254–258

Defeater-defeater, 345

Defeater-deflector, 346–348

Dennett, Daniel, x, 7–8, 30, 31–41, 212n, 253, 282, 283n, 310n, 318

Darwin’s Dangerous Idea
, 7, 13, 31–49, 52, 54, 55, 138

Denton, Michael, 198n

Descartes, René, 43, 66–67, 89, 249n, 314, 318, 342n

Descent with modification, 9, 11, 33–34, 41n, 55, 56

Design argument, 42, 197, 219–224

Design beliefs, 244–248, 248–264

Design discourse, 247–248, 251–264

Design space, 227, 255

De Sousa, Ronald, 43–44

Determinism, 16n, 74, 80–83, 85, 88–89, 89–90, 94, 105, 110, 114–115, 119

Dirac, Paul, 285–286

Divine Action Project (DAP), 97–108, 110–114

Divine collapse causation (DCC), 116–121

Divine concurrence, 67, 72

Divine conservation, 66, 67n, 68, 79, 97, 108, 109n, 110, 111, 112, 113, 116, 281

Divine discourse, 153, 155, 156, 173

Dover trial, 170

Drake, Stillman, 7n

Draper, Paul, 31, 49–52, 219–232, 239–240, 244–245, 258, 310n

evolutionary argument against theism, 49–52

on Paley’s design argument, 239–240, 244–245

response to Behe, 219–232, 258

Dualism, 67n, 78, 89n, 119n, 120n, 318, 339

Duhem, Pierre, 159

Duke of Argyle, Eighth.
See
Campbell, George Douglas

Earman, John, 85n, 95

Eddington, Arthur, 202, 204

Eddy, Mary Baker, 190

Edwards, Jonathan, 43–44, 66–67, 68, 152

Einstein, Albert, 267, 275, 297

Elkana, Y., 76n

Ellis, George, 99–102, 114n

Enlightenment, the, 47, 69, 70n, 73, 155

Enlightenment case against supernaturalism, 60–62

Epistemology, 44–47, 164–168, 259–261

Essential properties, 66, 215–216, 217–218, 289–290

Euclid, 250

Evidence, xiii, 24, 29, 33, 41n, 42–43, 49–52, 118, 121, 122–124, 150, 159–160, 167–168, 172–177, 180–183, 183–186, 186–190, 200, 205, 219–220, 296–298, 340–341

Evidence base, xiii, 167–168, 172–177, 180–183, 183–186, 186–190

Evolution, xii, 7–30, 33–41, 49–52, 53–54, 55–58, 116, 129, 190, 226–234, 252–264, 270–271, 286–287, 308–309, 309–310

guided vs. unguided, 12, 14, 16–17, 34–35, 38–41, 116, 129, 308–309

how to think of, 8–10, 55–58

problem of emergent order, the, 23–24

relation to Christian belief, xii, 7–8, 10–13, 24, 49–52, 53–54, 190, 252–264

Evolutionary argument against naturalism, xiv, 309–350

given nonreductive materialism, 326–333

given reductive materialism, 333–335

Evolutionary psychology, xiii, 130–152, 163, 265, 349

Explanation, 26–27, 129–133, 196–197, 199–200, 219, 223–224, 226–228, 239–240, 245–246, 258–259

Darwinian, 129–133, 226–228, 239–240, 245–246, 258–259, 287

inference to the best, 219, 223–224

requirements of, 196–197

ultimate vs. particular, 26–27

Faith, 44–47, 68n, 108, 144, 156, 178–183

as a gift from God, 68n, 108, 178

as a source of knowledge, 44–47, 179

Calvin’s definition of, 179

in relation to reason, 44–47, 144, 156, 178–183

Fake barn country, 166–167, 341–342

Fantz, R.L., 243n

Feyerabend, Paul, 124

Fine-tuning argument, 194–224, 237

anthropic objection to, 199–204

as inference to the best explanation, 219, 223–224

Bayesian version of, 219–220

coarse-tuning argument, 211

incoherence objection to, 205–210

likelihood version of, 220–223

many worlds objection to, 212–218

one-sided, 198

“this universe” objection, 214–218

Flatness problem, the, 195

Flew, Anthony, 124, 223n

Foster, John, 67n, 89n

Four horsemen of atheism, x, 282–283.
See also
New Atheists

Free will, 87–90, 99, 102–104, 107, 117, 119–120, 276, 311, 322

Frege, Gottlob, 288

Freud, Sigmund, 148–152

Functional interpretation of religion, 145–146

Gale, Richard, 45

Galileo, Galilei, 6–7, 266, 292–294, 296

Gardner, Martin, 200n

Galileo affair, 6–7

Gellman, Yehuda, 26

Gilkey, Langdon, 69–70, 72–74, 76, 86, 90, 96, 159

Ghirardi, G.C., 96, 115, 119n

Ghirardi-Rimini-Weber approach (to Quantum Mechanics), 95–97, 115–116, 119n, 308n

Gödel, Kurt, 338

Goodwin, Brian, 23–24

Gould, Stephen Jay, 7–9, 12, 15, 131n, 308

Gravy, half-congealed, xvi

Guthrie, Stewart, 141

Habermas, Gary, 19n

Hacking, Ian, 297

HADD (hypersensitive agency detection device), 141, 246n

Hands-off theologians, 74–90, 105

Harris, Sam, x, 30n, 283

Harvey, A.E., 168

Harvey, Van, 158

Hasker, William, 320

Hawking, Stephen, 195, 277

Hefner, Philip, 100, 104

Heidelberg Catechism, 4, 8, 65–67, 272

Heisenberg, Werner, 123

Hilbert’s hotel, 210

Hinde, Robert A., 145

Hitchens, Christopher, x, 30n, 283

Historical Biblical Criticism (HBC), xiii, 61, 130, 152–161, 163, 169, 173, 174, 190.
See also
scientific scripture scholarship

Duhemian, 159–160

Troeltschian 174, 190

Hodge, Charles, 11

Holy Spirit, 68, 108, 152, 164

internal witness of, 68, 108, 152

Humeanism about natural laws, 83n, 88–89

Hume, David, 43, 74, 239, 244–245, 249n, 263–264, 292–295

Huxley, Thomas H., 7, 16

Idealism, 201

Imago dei
, xiii–xiv, 4–5, 11, 14, 120, 129, 161, 164, 181, 187, 268–269, 277, 283, 285, 295–296, 298–299, 313, 339n

Impossibility, 18, 217, 288n

Incarnation, 46, 59, 164, 173, 262

Indeterminism, 92–94, 110, 114

Indicators, 328–331

Induction, 8, 44, 45, 149, 178, 241, 292–296, 312, 344

Inference to the best explanation, 219, 223–224

Irreducible complexity, 171, 225–232