Wedlock (59 page)
Authors: Wendy Moore
Tags: #Autobiography, #Scandals, #Science & Technology, #Literary, #Women linguists, #Social History, #Botanists, #Monarchy And Aristocracy, #Dramatists, #Women dramatists, #Women botanists, #Historical - British, #Linguistics, #Women, #Language Arts & Disciplines, #Historical - General, #Linguists, #Historical, #Great Britain - History - 18th Century, #History, #Art, #General, #Biography & Autobiography, #Biography
1
MEB bill in MEB v ARB, 3 June 1786: NA C12/605/34. Bowes replied on 3 July with a scurrilous attack on Mary, claiming he had cut the trees because they were old. The felled trees were advertised on 3 June 1786, with a counter advertisement from MEB, in the
Newcastle Courant
. The injunction was granted sometime in July.
MEB bill in MEB v ARB, 3 June 1786: NA C12/605/34. Bowes replied on 3 July with a scurrilous attack on Mary, claiming he had cut the trees because they were old. The felled trees were advertised on 3 June 1786, with a counter advertisement from MEB, in the
Newcastle Courant
. The injunction was granted sometime in July.
2
Thomas Colpitts to James Farrer, 14 July 1786: SPG, box 69, bundle 4.
Thomas Colpitts to James Farrer, 14 July 1786: SPG, box 69, bundle 4.
3
Robert Thompson to MEB, 24 July 1786: SPG, box 69, bundle 6. Several authors report Bowes visiting Scandinavia on a tour with Sir Henry Liddell and Matthew Consett at this time. This trip took place between 24 May and 12 August 1786. But as these tenants’ letters show Bowes was very much at large in County Durham during those months. The ‘Mr Bowes’ who accompanied Liddell and Consett was probably Thomas Bowes of Durham, listed as a subscriber to the book describing the expedition. See Consett. The tenants’ letters mentioned below are Robert Thompson to MEB , 24 March 1786; Hannah Dixon to MEB , 17 July 1786; William and Mary Stephenson to MEB , 23 May 1786 and same to Farrer, 26 July 1786: all SPG, box 69, bundle 4. Various eviction notices are mentioned including three in a letter from John Glover to Farrer, 27 April 1786: SPG , box 69, bundle 5, as well as others referred to below.
Robert Thompson to MEB, 24 July 1786: SPG, box 69, bundle 6. Several authors report Bowes visiting Scandinavia on a tour with Sir Henry Liddell and Matthew Consett at this time. This trip took place between 24 May and 12 August 1786. But as these tenants’ letters show Bowes was very much at large in County Durham during those months. The ‘Mr Bowes’ who accompanied Liddell and Consett was probably Thomas Bowes of Durham, listed as a subscriber to the book describing the expedition. See Consett. The tenants’ letters mentioned below are Robert Thompson to MEB , 24 March 1786; Hannah Dixon to MEB , 17 July 1786; William and Mary Stephenson to MEB , 23 May 1786 and same to Farrer, 26 July 1786: all SPG, box 69, bundle 4. Various eviction notices are mentioned including three in a letter from John Glover to Farrer, 27 April 1786: SPG , box 69, bundle 5, as well as others referred to below.
4
Thompson to MEB, 16 July 1786: SPG, box 69, bundle 4.
Thompson to MEB, 16 July 1786: SPG, box 69, bundle 4.
5
MEB to Colpitts, 16 July 1786: SPG, volume C.
MEB to Colpitts, 16 July 1786: SPG, volume C.
6
MEB to Colpitts, 16 July 1786: SPG, volume C.
MEB to Colpitts, 16 July 1786: SPG, volume C.
7
Farrington, p. 261; Captain Farrer’s divorce bill,
Journal of the House of Lords
, 36 George III, vol. XL (1796), p. 654. Farrer had served a seven-year apprenticeship at sea and worked up the ranks before being given command of the
True Briton
in 1782. The divorce was granted in April 1796. Mary’s letter referring to him is MEB to Colpitts, 16 July 1786: SPG, volume C.
Farrington, p. 261; Captain Farrer’s divorce bill,
Journal of the House of Lords
, 36 George III, vol. XL (1796), p. 654. Farrer had served a seven-year apprenticeship at sea and worked up the ranks before being given command of the
True Briton
in 1782. The divorce was granted in April 1796. Mary’s letter referring to him is MEB to Colpitts, 16 July 1786: SPG, volume C.
8
Miniature of MEB, watercolour on ivory, by J. C. Dillman Engleheart, c. 1800, in the BM. The list of works kept by J. C. Dillman Engleheart shows that he painted MEB’s portrait ‘for my Aunt W’ on 9 August 1800 and it is believed this was copied from an earlier portrait by his uncle George Engleheart, which is since lost. Mary had died a few months prior to the nephew’s portrait. Williamson (1902), p. 130; BM catalogue details, record no. 1509.
Miniature of MEB, watercolour on ivory, by J. C. Dillman Engleheart, c. 1800, in the BM. The list of works kept by J. C. Dillman Engleheart shows that he painted MEB’s portrait ‘for my Aunt W’ on 9 August 1800 and it is believed this was copied from an earlier portrait by his uncle George Engleheart, which is since lost. Mary had died a few months prior to the nephew’s portrait. Williamson (1902), p. 130; BM catalogue details, record no. 1509.
9
MEB to Colpitts, 22 October 1786: SPG, volume C. The ensuing details are described in Affidavit Mary Morgan, n. d.: SPG, box 69, bundle 5; MEB to Colpitts, 16 August 1786; Morgan to Colpitts, 26 October 1786: SPG, volume C; and Morgan to Colpitts, 26 October and 2 November 1786: SPG, volume C. The two coaches followed Mary’s on 22 October 1786.
MEB to Colpitts, 22 October 1786: SPG, volume C. The ensuing details are described in Affidavit Mary Morgan, n. d.: SPG, box 69, bundle 5; MEB to Colpitts, 16 August 1786; Morgan to Colpitts, 26 October 1786: SPG, volume C; and Morgan to Colpitts, 26 October and 2 November 1786: SPG, volume C. The two coaches followed Mary’s on 22 October 1786.
10
MEB to Colpitts, 7 November 1786: SPG, volume C; Morgan to Colpitts, 7 November 1786: SPG, volume C.
MEB to Colpitts, 7 November 1786: SPG, volume C; Morgan to Colpitts, 7 November 1786: SPG, volume C.
11
Details of the abduction are described in many sources. The principal ones I have referred to are Lady Strathmore’s Narrative, vol. 2, Narrative of my journey from Streatlam Castle to the Highlands etc. and my return to Bread Street Hill, hereafter called Narrative, vol. 2.; Information filed for the King’s Bench, Hilary term 1787, in the case of abduction on 10 Nov 1787 against ARB and others: SPG, box 186, bundle 1; affidavit of Henry Farrer and Mary Morgan for
habeas corpus
against ARB , 11 November 1786: NA KB/1/25/1, Michaelmas bundle 1. The ironmonger is variously named Edward Foster and Forster, but the former is given in street directories. The shop was at 253 Oxford Street, close to Oxford Circus.
Lowndes’s London Directory for the year 1787
, p. 56;
Kent’s Directory for the year 1794
.
Details of the abduction are described in many sources. The principal ones I have referred to are Lady Strathmore’s Narrative, vol. 2, Narrative of my journey from Streatlam Castle to the Highlands etc. and my return to Bread Street Hill, hereafter called Narrative, vol. 2.; Information filed for the King’s Bench, Hilary term 1787, in the case of abduction on 10 Nov 1787 against ARB and others: SPG, box 186, bundle 1; affidavit of Henry Farrer and Mary Morgan for
habeas corpus
against ARB , 11 November 1786: NA KB/1/25/1, Michaelmas bundle 1. The ironmonger is variously named Edward Foster and Forster, but the former is given in street directories. The shop was at 253 Oxford Street, close to Oxford Circus.
Lowndes’s London Directory for the year 1787
, p. 56;
Kent’s Directory for the year 1794
.
12
Information filed for the King’s Bench: SPG, box 186, bundle 1. Details of Bowes’s plans also emerged at the later court case.
Information filed for the King’s Bench: SPG, box 186, bundle 1. Details of Bowes’s plans also emerged at the later court case.
13
MEBto Morgan, 10 November 1786: DCRO SEA D/St/C2/11/21.
MEBto Morgan, 10 November 1786: DCRO SEA D/St/C2/11/21.
14
Durham County Council, pp. 18-23; Tipping; Sale catalogues, Streatlam Castle, 1922 and 1927: BM Archives.
Durham County Council, pp. 18-23; Tipping; Sale catalogues, Streatlam Castle, 1922 and 1927: BM Archives.
15
Events during 11 and 12 November at Streatlam Castle are described in Narrative, vol. 2, pp. 175-88.
Events during 11 and 12 November at Streatlam Castle are described in Narrative, vol. 2, pp. 175-88.
16
Horace Walpole to Lady Ossory, 1 December 1786, in Lewis, W. S., vol. 33, pp. 536-40; Duchess of Brunswick to the Duchess of Argyll, 26 December 1786: B L add. MSS 29577.
Horace Walpole to Lady Ossory, 1 December 1786, in Lewis, W. S., vol. 33, pp. 536-40; Duchess of Brunswick to the Duchess of Argyll, 26 December 1786: B L add. MSS 29577.
17
London Evening Post
, 11 November 1786: B M Album;
The Times
, 16 November 1786;
Gentleman’s Magazine
56 (1786), p. 991;
Madras Courier
, 6 December 1787, cutting in a scrapbook of news cuttings compiled by MEB, entitled ‘Paragraphs Etc Pro and Con Concerning Myself & Family’, in the possession of the Bowes Lyon family at St Paul’s Walden Bury, hereafter called SPWB Album.
London Evening Post
, 11 November 1786: B M Album;
The Times
, 16 November 1786;
Gentleman’s Magazine
56 (1786), p. 991;
Madras Courier
, 6 December 1787, cutting in a scrapbook of news cuttings compiled by MEB, entitled ‘Paragraphs Etc Pro and Con Concerning Myself & Family’, in the possession of the Bowes Lyon family at St Paul’s Walden Bury, hereafter called SPWB Album.
18
Affidavit Henry Farrer and Mary Morgan for
habeas corpus
against ARB , 11 November 1786: N A KB/1/25/1, Michaelmas bundle 1. Background on policing is from Hay and Snyder,
passim
. In 1856 it became compulsory for every county in England and Wales to have a police force.
Affidavit Henry Farrer and Mary Morgan for
habeas corpus
against ARB , 11 November 1786: N A KB/1/25/1, Michaelmas bundle 1. Background on policing is from Hay and Snyder,
passim
. In 1856 it became compulsory for every county in England and Wales to have a police force.
21
Zachary Hubbersty to ‘Lacey and Farrer’, 13 November 1786: SPG, box 69, bundle 5.
Zachary Hubbersty to ‘Lacey and Farrer’, 13 November 1786: SPG, box 69, bundle 5.
22
Robert Thompson to Morgan, 19 December 1786: SPG , box 69, bundle 6.
Robert Thompson to Morgan, 19 December 1786: SPG , box 69, bundle 6.
24
Rambler’s Magazine
, 1786, p. 444; letter, anon to anon: BM Archives; Lady Darlington to her son, 16 November, 1786: B M Archives.
Rambler’s Magazine
, 1786, p. 444; letter, anon to anon: BM Archives; Lady Darlington to her son, 16 November, 1786: B M Archives.
25
Margaret Liddell to Thomas Colpitts, 13 November 1786: SPG, volume C.
Margaret Liddell to Thomas Colpitts, 13 November 1786: SPG, volume C.
26
Edward Whatmore to Frederick Gibson, 13 November 1786: SPG, box 69, bundle 5.
Edward Whatmore to Frederick Gibson, 13 November 1786: SPG, box 69, bundle 5.
27
Affidavit Thomas Ridgeway, 13 November: NA KB/1/25/1, Michaelmas bundle 1.
Affidavit Thomas Ridgeway, 13 November: NA KB/1/25/1, Michaelmas bundle 1.
29
Information filed for the King’s Bench: SPG , box 186, bundle 1.
Information filed for the King’s Bench: SPG , box 186, bundle 1.
30
Letter, anon to anon: BM Archives.
Letter, anon to anon: BM Archives.
31
Details of Mary’s ordeal from 12 to 20 November differ slightly in dates and locations according to various sources. My main source has been Narrative, vol. 2. Details can also be found in Information filed for the King’s Bench: SPG, box 186, bundle 1. The autumn season of 1786 (September, October, November) was not only the coldest of the eighteenth century but also since records first began in 1659 according to the Hadley Centre Central England Temperature Handset,
http://hadobs.metoffice.com/hadcet/
. My thanks to Barry Gromett of the Met Office. Background information on the Pennines is from Smith,
On Foot in the Pennines
, pp. 111-12; Marsh,
passim
; Defoe, vol. 3, pp. 75-6. Access is now restricted in the area Mary crossed since large parts are private grouse moors or artillery ranges.
Details of Mary’s ordeal from 12 to 20 November differ slightly in dates and locations according to various sources. My main source has been Narrative, vol. 2. Details can also be found in Information filed for the King’s Bench: SPG, box 186, bundle 1. The autumn season of 1786 (September, October, November) was not only the coldest of the eighteenth century but also since records first began in 1659 according to the Hadley Centre Central England Temperature Handset,
http://hadobs.metoffice.com/hadcet/
. My thanks to Barry Gromett of the Met Office. Background information on the Pennines is from Smith,
On Foot in the Pennines
, pp. 111-12; Marsh,
passim
; Defoe, vol. 3, pp. 75-6. Access is now restricted in the area Mary crossed since large parts are private grouse moors or artillery ranges.
32
Ridgeway’s and Captain Farrer’s search efforts are described in Information filed for the King’s Bench: SPG, box 186, bundle 1; Thomas Colpitts junior to James Farrer, 18 November 1786: SPG, volume C.
Ridgeway’s and Captain Farrer’s search efforts are described in Information filed for the King’s Bench: SPG, box 186, bundle 1; Thomas Colpitts junior to James Farrer, 18 November 1786: SPG, volume C.
33
Letter, anon to anon, B M Archives.
Letter, anon to anon, B M Archives.
34
Margaret Liddell to Thomas Colpitts, 19 November 1786: SPG, volume C.
Margaret Liddell to Thomas Colpitts, 19 November 1786: SPG, volume C.
35
Several copies of reward posters with different dates and text survive in SPG, volume C and the SPWB Album. Mrs Liddell refers to a poster in her letter of 19 November.
Several copies of reward posters with different dates and text survive in SPG, volume C and the SPWB Album. Mrs Liddell refers to a poster in her letter of 19 November.
36
Information filed for the King’s Bench: SPG, box 186, bundle 1.
Information filed for the King’s Bench: SPG, box 186, bundle 1.
37
Details of the rescue are contained in Narrative, vol. 2; affidavit of Gabriel Thornton, 5 December 1786: N A KB/1/25/1, Michaelmas bundle 2.
Details of the rescue are contained in Narrative, vol. 2; affidavit of Gabriel Thornton, 5 December 1786: N A KB/1/25/1, Michaelmas bundle 2.
38
Thomas Lacey to Thomas Colpitts, 21 November 1786 and Mary Morgan to Thomas Colpitts, 23 November 1786: SPG, volume C.
Thomas Lacey to Thomas Colpitts, 21 November 1786 and Mary Morgan to Thomas Colpitts, 23 November 1786: SPG, volume C.
39
English Chronicle
, 25 November 1786, BM Album;
Public Advertiser
, 24 November 1786, SPWB Album. Several poems and leaflets are preserved in the SPWB Album with titles such as: ‘A True and Particular Account, of the Many Hardships, and Surprizing Escape, of the Countess of Strathmore Who was rescued from Mr Bowes, by a great Number of Country People in a Field, near Darlington, in the County of Durham’.
CHAPTER 12: THE TAMING OF BAD WIVESEnglish Chronicle
, 25 November 1786, BM Album;
Public Advertiser
, 24 November 1786, SPWB Album. Several poems and leaflets are preserved in the SPWB Album with titles such as: ‘A True and Particular Account, of the Many Hardships, and Surprizing Escape, of the Countess of Strathmore Who was rescued from Mr Bowes, by a great Number of Country People in a Field, near Darlington, in the County of Durham’.
Details of ARB ’s court appearance are contained in the newspaper articles mentioned as well as numerous others contained in the SPWB Album and BM Album. The scene is pictured in James Gillray, ‘Andrew Robinson Bowes Esqr. as he appeared in the Court of Kings Bench. . .’, (London, 1786). See Gatrell, pp. 340-2; McCreery, pp. 174-7; George, vol. 6, no. 7012. His journey to court and time in jail is described in Foot, pp. 138-9.
1
The Times
, 29 November 1786;
Gentleman’s Magazine
56 (1786), p. 1081;
Morning Chronicle
, 29 November 1786.
The Times
, 29 November 1786;
Gentleman’s Magazine
56 (1786), p. 1081;
Morning Chronicle
, 29 November 1786.
2
Foss, vol. 1, pp. 137-8; ODNB , vol. 8, pp. 617-9. Although Buller was heavily backed by Lord Mansfield, eventually Lord Kenyon was appointed Mansfield’s successor in 1788.
Foss, vol. 1, pp. 137-8; ODNB , vol. 8, pp. 617-9. Although Buller was heavily backed by Lord Mansfield, eventually Lord Kenyon was appointed Mansfield’s successor in 1788.
3
Sureties of between £500 and £1,000 were commonplace for such cases; even Earl Ferrers had been allowed bail totalling £10,000. See Doggett, p. 13. Foot, p. 139; cutting [no title], 29 November 1786, BBP DUL, box 71, 248.
Sureties of between £500 and £1,000 were commonplace for such cases; even Earl Ferrers had been allowed bail totalling £10,000. See Doggett, p. 13. Foot, p. 139; cutting [no title], 29 November 1786, BBP DUL, box 71, 248.
5
Anon, ‘The Irishman in Limbo, or, Stony Batter’s Lamentation for the loss of his Liberty’, n. d., BBP DUL, box 71, 248; Anon, ‘Who Cries Andrew now?’, (London, 12 May 1788), BBP DUL, box 71, 248; Martin Brown, ‘Paddy’s Progress, or the Rise and Fall of Captain S-y’ (Durham, 1808): DCRO SEA D/St/C1/13/16. An earlier version of the latter ballad, published 23 July 1788, is preserved in the SPWB Album.
Anon, ‘The Irishman in Limbo, or, Stony Batter’s Lamentation for the loss of his Liberty’, n. d., BBP DUL, box 71, 248; Anon, ‘Who Cries Andrew now?’, (London, 12 May 1788), BBP DUL, box 71, 248; Martin Brown, ‘Paddy’s Progress, or the Rise and Fall of Captain S-y’ (Durham, 1808): DCRO SEA D/St/C1/13/16. An earlier version of the latter ballad, published 23 July 1788, is preserved in the SPWB Album.
6
Testimony John Beaumont, apothecary, Information filed for the King’s Bench: SPG, box 186, bundle 1; anon,
The Trial of ARB. . . for a Conspiracy
, p. 31.
Testimony John Beaumont, apothecary, Information filed for the King’s Bench: SPG, box 186, bundle 1; anon,
The Trial of ARB. . . for a Conspiracy
, p. 31.
7
MEB to Thomas Colpitts, 28 December 1786: MEB to Thomas Colpitts, 8 January 1787; MEB to Thomas Colpitts junior, 13 December 1786: SPG, volume C.
MEB to Thomas Colpitts, 28 December 1786: MEB to Thomas Colpitts, 8 January 1787; MEB to Thomas Colpitts junior, 13 December 1786: SPG, volume C.
8
MEB to Thomas Colpitts, 28 December 1786: SPG, volume C.
MEB to Thomas Colpitts, 28 December 1786: SPG, volume C.
9
Cokayne, vol. 12, pp. 400-1. Lord Strathmore enrolled as a cornet on 15 November 1786. Mary collected news cuttings on his career in the SPWB Album which she began in 1786.
Cokayne, vol. 12, pp. 400-1. Lord Strathmore enrolled as a cornet on 15 November 1786. Mary collected news cuttings on his career in the SPWB Album which she began in 1786.
10
Elizabeth Parish to Thomas Lyon [no day] May 1786: SPG, box 99, bundle 2.
Elizabeth Parish to Thomas Lyon [no day] May 1786: SPG, box 99, bundle 2.
11
MEB to Thomas Colpitts, 8 January 1787: SPG, volume C.
MEB to Thomas Colpitts, 8 January 1787: SPG, volume C.
12
Affidavit ARB, 21 November 1786, George III v ARB, King’s Bench trial: NA KB/1/25/1.
Affidavit ARB, 21 November 1786, George III v ARB, King’s Bench trial: NA KB/1/25/1.
13
A handwritten note by MEB in the SPWB Album in November 1786 states: ‘Mr Bowes bought a share in the Universal Register on purpose to have an opportunity of vilifying my Character in it, & all my Friends as much as he chose.’
A handwritten note by MEB in the SPWB Album in November 1786 states: ‘Mr Bowes bought a share in the Universal Register on purpose to have an opportunity of vilifying my Character in it, & all my Friends as much as he chose.’
15
Anon, Allegations against the Countess of Strathmore, in anon,
The Trial of Andrew Robinson Bowes, Esq; first heard in the Arches
. The allegations, the customary term for the respondent’s reply, were reproduced in several formats at various times before the end of the century.
Anon, Allegations against the Countess of Strathmore, in anon,
The Trial of Andrew Robinson Bowes, Esq; first heard in the Arches
. The allegations, the customary term for the respondent’s reply, were reproduced in several formats at various times before the end of the century.
16
George Walker to anon [Mary Morgan?], 3 February 1787: SPG, box 185, bundle 1.
George Walker to anon [Mary Morgan?], 3 February 1787: SPG, box 185, bundle 1.
17
Affidavits Francis Bennett, 29 July 1788, Robert Thompson, 5 February 1787 and James Smith, 27 March 1788, divorce appeal to Delegates: NADEL2/12.
Affidavits Francis Bennett, 29 July 1788, Robert Thompson, 5 February 1787 and James Smith, 27 March 1788, divorce appeal to Delegates: NADEL2/12.
18
Narrative, vol. 2, p. 133; Mary Morgan to Thomas Colpitts, 26 January 1787: SPG, volume C.
Narrative, vol. 2, p. 133; Mary Morgan to Thomas Colpitts, 26 January 1787: SPG, volume C.
19
James Farrer to Thomas Lacey, 9 December 1786: SPG , box 185, bundle 2.
James Farrer to Thomas Lacey, 9 December 1786: SPG , box 185, bundle 2.
21
The Times
, 24 January 1787. Extract from the
Rover’s Magazine
, 1 February 1787, BBP DUL, box 71, 241.
The Times
, 24 January 1787. Extract from the
Rover’s Magazine
, 1 February 1787, BBP DUL, box 71, 241.
22
George Stoney to General Robinson, 17 February 1787, and George Stoney’s will, in Stoney, pp. 59-61.
George Stoney to General Robinson, 17 February 1787, and George Stoney’s will, in Stoney, pp. 59-61.
23
ARB to Duke of Norfolk, 2 March 1787: Arundel Castle Howard Letters 1760-1816, vol. 1, section IV.
ARB to Duke of Norfolk, 2 March 1787: Arundel Castle Howard Letters 1760-1816, vol. 1, section IV.
24
MEB to Thomas Colpitts, 14 March 1787 and Mary Morgan to Colpitts, 1 April 1787: SPG, volume C. Although Mary thought Bowes had procured bail by 14 March, it was the end of March before the bail was agreed.
MEB to Thomas Colpitts, 14 March 1787 and Mary Morgan to Colpitts, 1 April 1787: SPG, volume C. Although Mary thought Bowes had procured bail by 14 March, it was the end of March before the bail was agreed.
25
Affidavit Susannah Church, 25 June 1787, cited in divorce appeal to Delegates: NA DEL 2/12. Since she could not read, it is feasible she had signed the affidavit without understanding its contents.
Affidavit Susannah Church, 25 June 1787, cited in divorce appeal to Delegates: NA DEL 2/12. Since she could not read, it is feasible she had signed the affidavit without understanding its contents.
26
Interrogatories on behalf of MEB to be asked of Revd Henry Stephens, divorce appeal to Delegates: NADEL 2/12.
Interrogatories on behalf of MEB to be asked of Revd Henry Stephens, divorce appeal to Delegates: NADEL 2/12.
28
Bowes’s appeal to the High Court of Delegates was lodged on 16 May 1787: NA DEL 2/12.
Bowes’s appeal to the High Court of Delegates was lodged on 16 May 1787: NA DEL 2/12.
30
George III v ARB, King’s Bench trial: NA KB/1/25/1. The details of the case were published in various newspapers and several pamphlets. The quotations are taken from anon,
The Trial of ARB. . . for a Conspiracy
.
George III v ARB, King’s Bench trial: NA KB/1/25/1. The details of the case were published in various newspapers and several pamphlets. The quotations are taken from anon,
The Trial of ARB. . . for a Conspiracy
.
31
Foss, vol. 1, pp. 235-40; Simpson, A. W., p. 167; ODNB, vol. 18, pp. 567-77. According to Simpson, writing in 1984, Erskine is still regarded by many as ‘the greatest advocate ever practising in England’. James Mingay is described in Anon,
Sketches of the Characters
, pp. 63-4; ODNB, vol. 38, pp. 357-8.
Foss, vol. 1, pp. 235-40; Simpson, A. W., p. 167; ODNB, vol. 18, pp. 567-77. According to Simpson, writing in 1984, Erskine is still regarded by many as ‘the greatest advocate ever practising in England’. James Mingay is described in Anon,
Sketches of the Characters
, pp. 63-4; ODNB, vol. 38, pp. 357-8.
32
The sentencing was described in anon,
The Trial of ARB. . . for a Conspiracy
. Gowland’s and Shields’s evidence is from Affidavits Mary Gowland and Matthew Shields, George III v ARB : NA KB/1/25/3.
The sentencing was described in anon,
The Trial of ARB. . . for a Conspiracy
. Gowland’s and Shields’s evidence is from Affidavits Mary Gowland and Matthew Shields, George III v ARB : NA KB/1/25/3.
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