Trotsky (51 page)

Futuro
(Mexican weekly), 257, 274

Garrett, Manny, 225

General Drivers Local 574, 135

German Communists, 41, 49, 52

German Social Democrats, 203

Germany, Nazi, 2–3, 8, 16, 108, 160, 177, 197, 201–3, 248, 251, 266, 269, 282, 301, 305

oil and, 169

Poland invaded by and, 211–13

Spanish civil war and, 122

Germany, pre-Nazi, 8, 41, 46, 49, 133

Lyova in, 102–3, 108

WW I and, 22

Gershwin, George, 247

Gide, André, 62, 160

glasnost,
303–4

Glazer, Nathan, 154

Glotzer, Albert, 103, 105, 304–6

Goethe, 149

Gogol, Nikolai, 148

Goldman, Albert, 41–43, 262, 274–75, 282, 297–98

Goncharov, Ivan, 148

Gorbachev, Mikhail, 303–4

Gorky, Maxim, 187, 231

GPU.
See
NKVD

Great Britain, 2, 18 133

Mexican oil boycott, 169

Russian civil war and, 22, 27

Spanish civil war and, 123

WW I and, 21

WW II and, 202, 266, 282

Great Depression, 10, 83, 204

Great Terror, 9, 62, 107, 151, 177, 210, 294

Greenberg, Clement, 154

Grigulevich, Iosif (“Felipe”), 249–53, 259, 295

Gris, Juan, 78

Guadalajara

Siqueiros and, 247

trip of 1938, 91–92

trip with Breton and visit to Orozco, 162–64, 166

Guerrero, Xavier, 81

Hansen, Emil (Minneapolis guard), 135–38, 298

Hansen, Joe, 73–74, 77, 91–92, 94, 99, 115–18, 126–32, 135, 138, 162–63, 167–68, 185, 189–90, 202, 222, 226, 242, 264–66, 272–78, 283–92, 301

Hansen, Reba, 130

Harper’s,
156, 221

Harte, Jesse Sheldon, 256, 260

Harte, Robert Sheldon “Bob” (“Bob Shields,” “Amur”), 1, 6–8, 243–44, 251–62, 297

Harvard University, Trotsky archives at, 303

Hegel, Georg W. F., 218–19, 221

Hernández, Néstor Sánchez, 258–59

Herring, Hubert, 201, 272

Hidalgo, Antonio, 73, 91, 94, 172

Hidalgo, El
(train), 15, 21, 28

Hill, Joe, 17

History of the Russian Revolution, The
(Trotsky), 156, 179–81, 184, 217, 220, 305

Hitler, Adolf, 2, 108, 123, 160, 177, 197, 201–3, 211–12, 241, 282

O’Gorman caricatures of, 169–70

Homage to Catalonia
(Orwell), 125

Hook, Sidney, 39, 50, 153–54, 219–21, 301

Hoover Archives, 303

Houdini, Harry, 35

Howe, Irving, 154

L’Humanité
(French newspaper), 49

Idols Behind Altars
(Brenner), 248

industrialization, 46, 85–86

Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), 209

“Intellectuals in Retreat, The” (Shachtman and Burnham), 222

International Brigade, 10, 122–23, 247–48, 259

International Congress of Red Trade Unions (Moscow, 1928), 247

International Federation of Independent Revolutionary Artists, 165–66

Introduction to Philosophical Analysis
(Burnham), 210

Iskra
(radical newspaper), 66, 214, 228

Italy, 122, 169, 203

Iztaccíhuatl volcano trip, 91–92

Izvestiia,
31, 192

“J’accuse” (Zola), 39

Jacson, Frank.
See
Mercader, Ramón

Japan, 133, 143, 203

Jews, 25, 88, 143, 155

Russian, emigrate to U.S., 302

“Joe Hill” (song), 17

John Reed Club, 152

Joyce, James, 152

Kafka, Franz, 154

Kahlo, Cristina, 57, 73, 93, 126

affair with Rivera, 61

Trotsky propositions, 72

Kahlo, Frida,
60
, 276

affair with Trotsky, 58–61, 63–65, 70, 73, 171

artworks of, 59, 167

Blue House and, 30, 296

Breton and, 159, 162, 164

death of, 296

Fulang-Chang and I
painting, 59–60

Henry Ford Hospital
painting, 59

illness of, 57, 59, 92–93

meets Trotsky, 14, 16–17, 29

Rivera and, 80, 88–89, 91–92, 171

self-portrait of, dedicated to Trotsky, 71, 173

Trotsky-Rivera dispute and, 167–69, 171–73

Kamenev, Lev (brother-in-law), 9, 16, 91, 96, 108, 176, 187, 191, 194, 304

Kameneva, Olga (sister), 108

Katyn Forest Massacre, 212

“Kay, Mr.,” 266

Kazakhstan, Trotsky’s exile in, 8, 101–3

Kazan, Battle of, 22–23, 25, 232

Kerensky, Alexander, 180

KGB archives, 115.
See also
NKVD

Khrushchev, Nikita, 33, 294, 304

Kirov, Sergei, 62, 176

Kishkin (GPU agent), 100

Klement, Rudolf, 139, 142–43, 204

Kluckhohn, Frank, 47–48, 50

Klyman, Julius, 240

Koestler, Arthur, 35

Komsomol (CommunistYouth League), 99

Konovalets, Yevkhen, 177

Korean War, 294

Kozlov (orderly), 27

Kravchenko, Victor, 299

Krestinsky, Nikolai, 187

Kristol, Irving, 154

Krivitsky, Walter, 140–43, 146, 200, 274, 299

Kronstadt rebellion (1921), 51–54

Krupskaya, Nadezhda (wife of Lenin), 197, 231, 233

Labor Action,
126

Laborde, Hernán, 20,

labor movement, 16, 18–20, 85–86, 135, 209, 246–47.
See also specific organizations and strikes

La Follette, Suzanne, 39, 41, 49

Lamba, Jacqueline (wife of Breton), 159–60, 162, 164–65

Lasky, Melvin, 154

Latvia, 2, 222

left.
See also specific individuals; organizations; and parties

American, 35, 154, 282

Mexican, 19

non-Communist, Soviet persecution of, 153

Left Opposition (Trotsky-led, in Soviet Union), 82–84, 89, 96–97, 99, 104, 106, 123, 150, 178, 201, 203, 216, 218, 233

Léger, Fernand, 246

Lenin, Vladimir Ilich, 61, 77, 81, 82, 133, 166, 208, 213, 192, 298, 304

art and literature and, 149

death of, and succession struggle, 8, 46, 191–94, 196–98, 216, 230–31, 233

health obsession of, 188

political repression and, 51, 87

Rivera murals depicting, 84–85

Russian Revolution and reconciliation with Trotsky, 8, 21, 44, 215–16, 218, 230–33

secret testament of, on Stalin, 96–97, 218, 233–34

Stalin and, 186–88, 196

Trotsky splits with, 45, 89, 214–15, 227–28

Trotsky meets, in London, 66, 231

Trotsky and, 26–27, 189

Trotsky as successor to, 157

Trotsky’s veneration of, 230–33

Trotsky’s writings depicting, 2, 30, 180–81, 192

What Is to Be Done?
pamphlet of, 219

WW I and, 22

Leninism, 153, 156.
See also
Bolshevik-Leninists; Marxism-Leninism

“Lenin is no more” (Trotsky), 192

“Leon Sedov—Son, Friend, Fighter” (Trotsky), 117

Leon Trotsky Museum (Coyoacán), 297

liberals, 16, 18, 35, 37–38, 49–50, 53, 152–54, 157

Liberator, The
(magazine), 218

Lieber, Max, 181

Life,
197–98, 299

Life Is with People
(Zborowski), 299

Lipset, Seymour Martin, 154

Literature and Revolution
(Trotsky), 149–50, 155, 164–65

Lithuania, 2, 222

Liushkov, Genrikh, 143–45

Lockhart, Bruce, 76–77

Lombardo Toledano, Vicente, 257, 253, 274

Los Angeles Plaza Arts Center, Siqueiros mural whitewashed at, 247

Lunacharsky, Anatoly, 213–14, 216, 231

Macdonald, Dwight, 155–57, 282–83

Machete, El
(newspaper), 81, 246

MacLean, Donald, 144

Magnitogorsk steel plant, 150

Malraux, André, 160

Managerial Revolution, The
(Burnham), 301

Manifesto of Surrealism
(Breton), 158

Mannerheim Line, 223

Mao Zedong, 294

Marin, Frederico, 65

Martin, Kingsley, 34

Martov, Julius, 214, 217

Marx, Karl, 41, 77, 81, 84–85, 129, 160, 166, 203–4, 298

Orozco murals depicting, 164

Marx and Lenin
(Eastman), 219–20

Marxism, 19, 154, 218–19

anti-Stalinist, 153–56

dialectical materialism and, 217–23, 225–27, 234, 270, 272, 283

liberal and radical disillusionment with, 271–72, 293–94, 300–303

“end justifies the means” and, 54

fascism and capitalism in, 282–83

historical materialism and, 54, 219

literature and, 148, 152–53

“permanent revolution” and Bolshevik Revolution, 45–46

Rivera and, 81

“socialism in one country” and, 46

Trotsky’s belief in, 43–44, 305–6

Trotsky’s writings and, 180

Marxism-Leninism, 10

Marxists, lifestyle of, 129

Masses
(socialist magazine), 218

McCarthy, Senator Joseph, 155, 250, 301

McCarthy, Mary, 154

Mead, Margaret, 299

“Means and Ends” (Dewey), 54

Mein Kampf
(Hitler), 203

Menorah Journal,
153

Mensheviks, 180, 214–17, 227–28, 273, 280, 301

Mercader, Caridad (“Mother”), 205–6, 244, 287–88, 295

Mercader, Luis, 295

Mercader, Pablo, 206

Mercader, Ramón (“Jacques Mornard” “Raymond,” “Frank Jacson”) assassinates Trotsky, 282, 284–92, 295

meets Trotskyists and penetrates household, 205–7, 229, 244–46, 266–71, 273, 279–81

recruited, 146

release of, and award from Brezhnev, 294–95

Mexican Communist Party, 3, 7, 19–20, 30, 43, 64, 71–72, 81–83, 120, 124, 160, 173, 246–47, 251, 253, 259, 275, 296

Mexican Electricians’ Union, Siqueiros mural, 248–49

Mexican League (Trotskyists), 167–68, 170–71

Mexican Ministry of Education, Rivera frescoes, 79–80, 84

Mexican muralist movement, 79–80, 86, 246

Mexican National Palace, Rivera mural, 83

Mexican police, 138, 255, 265

Mexican Revolution, 17–18, 78–79, 163, 246

Mexican secret police, 7–8, 254–61, 279

Mexican trade unions, 124

Mexico.
See also specific cities and sites
asylum granted to Trotsky, 9, 13–20, 28–29,
29
, 48, 111, 120–21

NKVD and, post—Spanish civil war, 10

presidential election of 1940, 262–63

Rivera frescoes and, 79–80

Spanish civil war and, 123–24

Mexico City airport O’Gorman murals, 169–70

Palace of Fine Arts Rivera mural, 85–86

Militant
(Trotskyist paper), 220

Milton, Harry (Wolf Kupinsky), 125–26, 134, 137

Mink, George “the Butcher,” 124–25, 137

Minneapolis truckers’ strike of 1934, 135, 264, 277–78

Modernism, 149, 152, 160–62

Modern Monthly,
153

Molinier, Jeanne Martin (lover and widow of Lyova), 98, 102, 108–9, 112, 118, 186

Molinier, Raymond, 102

Molotov, Vyacheslav, 194

Morris, George L. K., 153

Morrow, Felix, 298

Moscow Red Army Club, Rivera fresco, 82

Moscow show trials, 153, 160, 176–77, 294

(1936, first), 8–9, 14–17, 31–38, 61, 109, 120–22, 140

(1937, second), 32–49, 111, 113, 208, 275

(1938, third) “Trial of the 21,” 133–34, 211

Dewey Commission verdict on, 53–54

families of defendants threatened, 51

French commission of inquiry into, 148

poisoning accusations and, 197

Trotsky attempts to write book on, 181–82

Moustakis, Chris, 138

Múgica, Francisco, 93, 169–70, 172

Munich Agreement, 202

Murmansk, British and French occupation of, 22

Museum of Modern Art (MOMA) Rivera show, 83

Siqueiros and “Twenty Centuries of Mexican Art” show, 265

Mussolini, Benito, 123

O’Gorman caricatures of, 169–70

My Life
(Trotsky), 179–80, 182–84, 191–92

“Myth of the Dialectic, The” (Wilson), 221–22

Nadja
(Breton), 158

Nation, The,
37, 157

National Review,
301

Nazi-Soviet nonaggression pact (1939), 2–3, 197, 201–3, 211–12, 248, 251, 305

NEP (New Economic Policy), 46

New Deal, 16, 152, 204, 212, 301

New International
(journal), 210, 222

New Masses,
152, 153, 157, 247, 248

New Republic, The,
37, 157

New Statesman, The,
34

New Workers’ School, Rivera murals, 85

New York intellectuals, 152–55. See also
Partisan Review

New York National Guard, 134

New York Times, The,
36, 47–50, 96, 172, 193

Nicholas II, czar of Russia, 215

1984
(Orwell), 301

Nin, Andrés, 123, 137, 144–45, 249, 299