This Changes Everything (99 page)

greenhouse gas emissions from,
79
–80,
82
,
409
–10,
411
,
412

green technologies for,
76
,
85

and move to low-emissions economy,
417

poverty in,
40
,
55
,
88
n,
179
–82,
409
,
416
,
418

trade access to,
85

diabetes,
150
,
161
,
164

dirty energy,
see
extractive industries

disaster:

austerity and,
106
–10

climate change and,
2
–3,
17
,
102
–3,
154
,
406
,
465

infrastructure for,
51

as opportunities for change,
406
–7,
465

profit and,
9
,
109

public spending and,
106
–10

response to,
103
–6

disaster denialism,
51

diseases,
14
,
176

dispersants,
325

Divest Harvard,
354

divestment movement,
206
,
353
–58,
365
,
401
,
402
–3,
451

Dixson, Bob,
407

Doe, Aria,
106

dolphins, die-off of,
432
–34,
436

Donahue, Bill,
326

Donohue, Thomas J.,
31

Douglass, Frederick,
463

Dow Chemical,
226

Dowie, Mark,
83
–84,
203

Downie, Ewan,
382

droughts,
9
,
14
,
107
,
165
,
440

Pinatubo Option and,
279

volcanic eruptions and,
272
–73

Dubner, Stephen J.,
262
–63,
271
–72

Duke Energy,
196
,
226

Duke University,
328
–29,
401

Dunlap, Riley,
35
,
38
,
46
–47

DuPont,
226
,
227

Dust Bowl,
64

Earth Day,
153
,
206
–7,
285

Earth First!,
206
,
310

Earth Mother/Mother Earth concept,
419
,
423
–24,
443
–44

earthquakes, fracking and,
329

East Bay Tea Party,
38

Eastern Bloc,
75

Eckersley, Robyn,
77

Eckhart, Michael T.,
67

EcoEquity,
417
–18

ecological amnesia,
3
–4

Ecological Economics,
185
–86

Ecological Economics
(Daly and Farley),
173

economic disruption:

extractive industries and,
316
,
386

minimizing of,
12

economic geologists,
46

economic growth,
21
,
129
–30,
186

atmospheric limits vs.,
86
–89

in capitalism,
89

climate change denial and,
3
,
45
–46,
59
–60

corporate deregulation and,
19

dirty model of,
82

limits on,
185
–86

orthodoxy of,
81
,
94
,
178

economic justice,
10
,
59
,
91
,
94
,
157

see also
climate debt

economy:

climate action and,
21
,
90
,
124
–26,
155
,
252
,
453

decentralized,
158

elite control over,
18

fracking and,
94

fossil fuel,
23
,
45
–46,
121
,
173
,
456

local,
7
,
68
–70,
71
,
76
,
85
–86

planned,
94

post-growth,
178

resource-intensive,
21

wage and price controls in,
125

ecosystems:

fertility cycle of,
438
–39,
446
–48

loss of,
13

restoration of,
93
,
127
,
444

ectopic pregnancy,
425

Ecuador,
13
,
180
,
197
,
220
,
377

Chevron lawsuit of,
309
,
378

climate debt and,
408
–9

constitutional rights of nature in,
443
–44

EDF Energy,
149

Edmonton, Canada,
302

Edwards, Murray,
281

“effervescence of rebellion,”
465

Egypt,
158

El Chichón eruption (1982),
274

Eldorado Gold, Skouries forest project of,
293
–94,
296
–98,
303
,
314
,
342
,
347
,
445

elections:

of 1992,
83

of 2008,
149

of 2012,
149

electricity grids,
90
,
122
,
133

electronic waste,
91

Ellis-Lamkins, Phaedra,
92

Elsipogtog First Nation,
299
,
370
,
373
,
374

Elwha River,
374
–75

Elysium,
59

Emerson, Ralph Waldo,
174

emission credits,
219
–20

emission reduction,
16
,
18
–19,
31
,
55
,
73
,
79
,
85
,
88
,
90
,
108
–9,
127
,
144
n,
146
,
154
,
157
–58,
213
,
218
,
283
,
355

failure of,
256
,
276

historical responsibility vs. capacity to contribute to,
417
–18

voluntary,
232

see also
climate treaty negotiations

empathy,
46
–54,
62
–63

Enbridge:

Canadian Security Intelligence Service as lobbyist for,
362

Michigan pipeline
rupture of,
331
–32,
338

profit-over-safety culture of,
331
,
333

see also
Northern Gateway pipeline

Enbridge NB,
362

endocrine disruptors,
439

energy, public ownership of,
7
,
284

energy conservation,
116
–18

Energy Department, U.S.,
102
,
214
,
247
,
282

energy efficiency,
127

energy nationalization,
130
,
454

energy plants, “combined-cycle,”
129

Energy Policy,
101
,
102

energy sources, zero-carbon,
18

EnergyWire,
332

Engelfried, Nick,
314

Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR),
247
–48

Enlightenment,
159
,
178

Environics,
36

Environment Agency (EA), U.K.,
106
–7

Environmental Action,
213

Environmental Coalition for NAFTA,
84

Environmental Defense Fund (EDF),
84
,
191
,
198
,
201
,
233
n,
235
–36,
257

carbon trading supported by,
218
,
226
–29

fracking supported by,
215
–17,
235
n,
355
–56

pro-business
makeover of,
207
–10,
233

environmental impact assessments,
203

environmentalism:

acceptable risk and,
335

astronaut’s-eye view adopted by,
286
–87,
296

command and control,
204

grassroots,
305
–10;
see also
Big Green; Blockadia

Keystone pipeline and revival of,
303

top-down, failures of,
295

“environmentalism of the poor,”
202

environmental justice,
92
,
155

see also
climate debt

environmental
movement,
157
,
197

cap-and-trade and,
229

golden age of environmental law in,
201
–4

green consumerism and,
211
–13

insider strategy of,
203
–4

NAFTA supported by,
83
–85

political timidity in,
184
–85,
186
–87

privileged origins of,
183
,
201
,
211
–12

pro-business ideology in,
207
–11,
213

radicalism in,
183
–86,
201
–3,
206
–7

in Reagan era and following,
203
–11

schisms in,
206
–7

singlemindedness
of,
153

see also
Big Green

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA),
48
,
118
,
227
,
328

Northern Cheyenne and,
390
,
393

Environmental Rights Action (Nigeria),
309

Environment Canada,
325
,
326
–37

ethane,
328

eucalyptus,
239

eugenics, taboo against,
278

Europe:

emissions from,
40
,
411

program cuts in,
110

“squares movement” in,
464

wealth in,
114

European Community, environmental law in,
202

European Parliament,
91
n,
114

European Transport Workers Federation,
127

European Union,
218

airline taxes considered by,
249

Emissions Trading System (ETS) of,
219
,
225
,
226

fuel quality standards of,
71
,
248
–49

renewable energy in,
138

U.S. oil and gas exports restriction and,
71

WTO challenges brought against,
65
,
70

WTO challenges brought by,
68
–69

executive pay,
111
,
112

extinctions,
14

extractive industries,
79
,
121
,
133
,
141
,
181
,
213

alienation of onetime friends by,
313

Big Green and,
191
–201

billionaires’ investments in,
235
–37

climate change deniers funded by,
44
–45,
149

depletion of conventional reserves in,
310

divestment movement and,
206
,
353
–58,
365
,
401
,
402
–3

donations to environmental groups by,
196
–97,
215
–16

early victories against,
348
–53

ecologically and socially responsible,
447

as economic disrupters,
316
,
386

economic and political power of,
149
,
151
,
377
–80,
384
–87,
400
,
403
,
461

emissions regulations blocked by,
200

extreme projects of,
295
,
303
,
304
,
310
,
311
,
315
–34,
446

free trade agreements and,
358
–60

geoengineering and,
281
–84

government collusion with,
297
–99,
303
,
306
–7,
308
,
360
,
361
–66,
378
–80

grassroots
opposition to,
305
–10;
see also
Blockadia; climate movement

growth as measure of,
129
–30

high risk in,
324
–25,
331

Indigenous land rights and,
see
Indigenous peoples, land rights of

infrastructures of,
315
–24

lawsuits against,
112
,
309
,
368
,
371
–72,
378
–80,
384
,
386

lax regulation of,
129
,
330
–31,
333

lobbying by,
149
–50

local ecology ignored by,
295

nationalization of,
130
,
454

new
technologies developed by,
145
–46,
253
,
310

polluter pays principle and,
110
–19,
202
–3

profit-seeking imperative of,
111
,
126
,
129
,
148
,
253
,
330
–31

progress blocked by,
110
–11,
149