The War That Ended Peace: The Road to 1914 (142 page)

and the Kaiser
56
–57,
85

and Kruger telegram
56

on leadership and the landed classes
29

living and dying nations speech
39
–40,
98

marriage
30
–31

opposes rise of new men
28
–29,
43

penchant for secrecy
42

resignation
154

science experiments
30

and Triple Alliance
38

and United States
34
,
41
–42

Venezuela dispute
17
,
41
–42

Salonika (Thessaloniki)
446

Sammlungspolitik
78

Samoan islands
16
,
45
,
56
,
58
,
78
,
252

San Giuliano, Antonino di
322
–23,
434
,
532
,
560

Sanderson, Sir Thomas
37
,
103
,
114

Sanjak of Novi Bazar
382
,
392
,
393
,
394
,
396
,
401
,
409
,
446
,
454
,
456
,
465

Sarajevo, Bosnia
2

Archduke Franz Ferdinand assassinated
see under
Franz Ferdinand, Archduke

Saudi peninsula
493

Saxe-Coburgs
53

Saxe-Weimar, Grand Duke of
72

Sazonov, Sergei
181
,
196
,
442
–43,
449
–50,
451
,
453
,
455
,
458
,
461
,
474
,
486
,
494
,
495
,
497
,
506
,
537
,
538
,
546
,
549
–53,
558
,
561
,
566
,
567
,
570
,
580

Schemua, General Blasius
311
,
454
,
456
,
457

Schleswig-Holstein, Prussian seizure of
86
,
147

Schlieffen, Count Alfred von (chief of German general staff 1891–1905)
334
,
369
,
478
,
596
, P1.
20

army career
317

background
316
–17

character
317
–18,
333

considers war in 1905
326

his legacy
325

retirement
323

revered as a great German general
323

sees no alternative to war
318

tries to take the uncertainty out of war
316

and the younger Moltke as his successor
324

Schlieffen Plan
199
,
525
,
564
,
595
, P1.
20

early versions of
348

Falkenhayn on
324

flaws of
316

German mobilisation
321
–22

lack of communication
322

mobilisation and movements of German forces in the event of war
315
–16

modifed by the younger Moltke
316
,
327
,
327
–28

offensive plan
327

plans to defeat France with a giant pincer movement around its armies
307
,
319
–20

retirement
360

two-front war
22
,
318
–19,
321

Schneider
22
,
224
,
389

Schoen, Wilhelm
64
,
395
,
588
–89

Schoenberg, Arnold
230

Schönbrunn palace, Vienna
205
,
208

School of Political Science (France)
414

Schratt, Katharina
206

science
xxv
,
xxviii
,
6
,
232

‘empty science’
239

faith in
14
,
20
,
268

in Germany
53

and an orderly universe
20

Salisbury’s experiments
30

scouts P1.
15

Scutari (now Shkodër, Albania)

agreement that to be included in Albania
460

a centre of Catholic influence
460

Montenegrins leave
462

success of bluff
528

surrendered to the Montenegrins
461

under siege by Montenegro and Serbia
461

Second International
xxviii
256
,
284
,
286
,
287
,
290
,
293
,
434
,
581
, P1.
13

1904 Amsterdam congress
287
,
289

1907 Stuttgart congress
290
,
292

1912 Basle congress
291
,
468

manifesto condemning arms race
291

and nationalism
291
–92,
293

Second World War
xxxi
,
16
,
105
,
295
,
310
,
605

secret societies
440

Sedan, Battle of (1870)
6
,
137
,
307
,
310
,
311
,
318
,
319
,
327

Seely, Sir John
491

Selborne, Lord
48
,
104
,
105
–6,
108
,
117

Serbia
199
,
201
,
225
–26,
227
,
380
,
386
,
396
,
437

agreement with Montenegro
444

agrees to divide Sanjak with Montenegro
465

arms contracts with Schneider
388
–89

Austria-Hungary declares war
xxiv
,
xxvii
,
464
,
512
,
539
,
545
,
555
,
562
,
568

Austria-Hungary determined to destroy Serbia
xxiv
,
xxxi

Austria-Hungary gives ultimatum
531
–32,
533
,
534
–38

Austria-Hungary’s ultimatum requiring Serbia to withdraw from Albania
464
–65,
466

Berchtold favours destruction of P1.
32

Bulgaria attacks (1913)
462

Bulgarian socialists turn on Serbs
292

capitulates after ultimatum from Austria-Hungary
465
,
466

caves in over Bosnia-Herzegovina annexation
405
–6

Conrad’s desire for war
219

customs arrangement with Bulgaria
388

demands of
401
,
404
,
454

Franz Ferdinand on
xxvii
,
215
,
460

grows in strength
219
,
477

Hartwig’s support
442

independence
381
,
549

land-locked
390

loans from France
409

murder of Alexander
388

national movement
209
,
215
,
238
,
465

‘Pig War’
389

population
437

press
465
–66

quasi-military and conspiratorial organisations in
514

the Radicals
438
–39

relations with Austria-Hungary
388
,
409

relations with Russia
410

response to Austria-Hungary’s ultimatum
538
,
540
,
542
,
559
,
561

revolt of Albanian Muslims
462
–63

size doubled
462

stirring up resistance
441

Tisza supports war on Serbia P1.
33

told of the war declaration by telegram
562

treaty with Bulgaria (1912)
443

and Triple Entente
224

Yugoslavia formed
598

Serbian army
401
,
409
,
502
,
531
,
537

Sergei, Grand Duke
241

Seven Years War (1754–63)
87
,
104
,
295

Shackleton, Ernest
596

Shantung (Shandong) peninsula, China
46
,
83

Shaw, George Bernard
229
,
277

Siam (now Thailand)
1
,
135
,
154
,
156

Silesia
457

Singapore
112

Sino-Japanese War, First (1894–5)
48
,
49
,
160
–61

Slavonia
389

Slavs

South
see
South Slavs

struggle with Teutons
479
,
524

Slovakia
201
,
207

Slovenia
201
,
210
,
215
,
598

Smiley, Albert
275

Social Darwinism
xxi
,
93
,
246
–47,
252
,
264
,
306
,
433
,
519
,
524
,
605

Social Democratic Party (SPD) (Germany)
68
,
119
,
251
,
261
,
263
,
284
,
285
,
286
,
291
,
417
,
473
,
477
,
529
,
570
,
581

Social Democrats (Hungary)
476

social protest movements
22

socialism
19
,
285
,
288
,
292
,
293
,
384
,
487

Socialist Party (France)
589

Socialist Party (Italy)
473

socialists

and arbitration
285

Austrian
292

in Balkans
292

Bismarck’s anti-socialist laws
286

British
107

Bulgarian
292

and disarmament
283
,
285

French
287
,
291
,
293
,
468
,
548

German
90
,
286
,
290
,
292
,
293
,
369
,
468

Italian
433

and the military
258

and Nietzsche
238

and the peace movement
285

Russian
182

and Suttner
285

weapons against war
290

Socialists (French)
284