The Tigress of Forli (47 page)

23. Caterina to the duke of Milan, August 25, 1498. Potenze Estere, Milan State Archives.

24. Ibid.

16.
INTRIGUE AND INVASION

1. Caterina to the duke of Milan, January 24, 1499. Potenze Estere, Milan State Archives.

2. Caterina to Lorenzo de' Medici, October 18, 1498. Med. A. Pr. Florence State Archives.

3. Med. A. Pr. filza 79 n.59. Florence State Archives.

4. Ibid.

5. Ibid.

6. Carte di Urbino, cl.I div.F, from
Diversorum, Alexandri VI fol. 132.
Florence State Archives.

7. Machiavelli to Prior Libertà e Gonfaloniere di Giustizia, July 17, 1499, in Pasolini,
Caterina Sforza,
vol. 2.

8. Ibid.

9. Machiavelli to Prior Libertà e Gonfaloniere di Giustizia, July 22, 1499, in Pasolini,
Caterina Sforza,
vol. 2, p. 105.

10. Machiavelli to Prior Libertà e Gonfaloniere di Giustizia, July 24, 1499, in Pasolini,
Caterina Sforza,
vol. 2, p. 108.

11. Niccolò Machiavelli,
On the Art of War,
p. 186.

12. Med. A. Pr. August 3, 1499. Florence State Archives.

13. Med. A. Pr. filza 79. c.2. August 8, 1499. Florence State Archives.

14. Med. A. Pr. August 31, 1499. Florence State Archives.

15. Med. A. Pr. carte private filza 78. Florence State Archives.

16. Ibid.

17. Mantua State Archives, reprinted in Pasolini,
Caterina Sforza,
vol. 3, doc. 1094.

17.
ITALY'S IDOL

1. Fabio Oliva,
Caterina Sforza
. Oliva lived only one generation after these events and his account seems to be based on local hearsay, in contrast to that of Bernardi, who was an eyewitness. Oliva's dialogue was expanded by Burriel in
Vita di Caterina Sforza,
pp. 770–73. Bernardi's manuscript, however, was read and edited by Cesare after the fall of Caterina.

2. The story of Caterina's ruse to capture Cesare is told in Vecchiazzani,
Historia di Forlimpopoli,
vol. 2, p. 214.

3. Cronca di Antonio Grumello Pavese dal 1467 al 1529, reprinted in Pasolini,
Caterina Sforza,
vol. 2, p. 188.

4. Sanuto,
I
Diarii,
vol. 2, fol. 529.

5. Ibid.

6. Vittorio Mezzamonaco and Sergio Spada, "Gennaio 1500: La fine di una Signoria: Le Ultime Giorni di Caterina Sforza,"
Le Pie
.

7. Burriel,
Vita di Caterina Sforza,
vol. 3, pp. 788–89.

8. Sanuto,
I
Diarii,
vol. 3, c.57.

9. Machiavelli,
On the Art of War
, p. 186.

10. Machiavelli,
The Prince,
chapter 20.

11. Francesco Guicciardini,
Storie D'Italia,
book 9, chapter 3.

12. Mezzamonaco and Spada, "Gennaio 1500."

13. Machiavelli,
On the
Art of War.

14. Machiavelli,
Letter alle Dieci della Balia,
cited in Pasolini,
Caterina Sforza,
vol. 2, p. 218.

15. Bernardi,
Cronache Forlivesi,
vol. 1, p. 282.

16. Graziani and Venturelli,
Caterina Sforza,
p. 280.

17. Ibid.

18. Ibid., p. 279.

19. Published in Pasolini,
Caterina Sforza,
vol. 2, pp. 270–81. Translation by author.

18.
THE LONG NIGHT OF CASTEL SANT'ANGELO

1. Giovanni Lucido to the marquis of Mantua, February 27, 1500, Mantua State Archives, reprinted in Pasolini,
Caterina Sforza,
vol. 3, doc. 1124.

2. Ottaviano to Caterina, May 11, 1500. Med. A. Pr. Florence State Archives.

3. Ibid.

4. Med. A. Pr. filza 85. Florence State Archives.

5. Med. A. Pr. carte private filza 78 c.127. Florence State Archives.

6. Ibid.

7. No record of this intended trial exists anywhere. Pasolini claims to have examined 263 manuscripts (
Caterina Sforza,
vol. 2, p. 266) and enlisted the assistance of Rome's finest archivists with no result; but both her contemporary Bernardi and the later biographer Fabio Oliva claim that Caterina's responses were so shattering as to have silenced the entire process.

8. Piovano to Ottaviano, 1500 (no exact date). Florence State Archives.

9. Ottaviano to Caterina, July 4, 1500. Florence State Archives.

10. Mantua State Archives, reprinted in Pasolini,
Caterina Sforza,
vol. 3, doc. 1138.

11. Ottaviano to Caterina, July 4, 1500. Florence State Archives.

12. Med. A. Pr. filza 72 a.520. Florence State Archives.

13. Francesco Fortunati, July 8, 1501. Florence State Archives.

14. Pasolini,
Caterina Sforza,
vol. 2, p. 304.

15.
Reform. Atti Pubblici,
N.237. Florence State Archives.

16. Caterina's son by Giacomo Feo underwent a mysterious name change during the years between Giacomo's assassination and Caterina's death. He is called Bernardino by all sources in his infancy, but he will be called Carlo in Caterina's will.

19.
SLEEP AFTER TOIL

1. Francesco Fortunati to Ottaviano, July 8, 1502. Florence State Archives.

2. Med. A. Pr. July 22, 1502. Florence State Archives.

3. Med. A. Pr. filza 77 n.188. October 23, 1503. Florence State Archives.

4. Sanuto,
I Diarii,
1.c., cap.V, p. 782.

5. Med. A. Pr. filza 78 c.217. February 21, 1502. Florence State Archives.

6. Dieci di Balia, carteggio, responsive register 74 N.135.

7. Med. A. Pr. filza 77 c.137. Florence State Archives.

8. Sanuto,
I Diarii,
1.c., cap.V, p. 782.

9. Med. A. Pr. filza 77 c.137. Florence State Archives.

10. Gabriele Piccoli, June 27, 1504. Med. A. Pr. filza 125 c.57. Florence State Archives. Translation by the author.

11. Sanuto,
I Diarii,
1.c., cap.V, p. 799.

12. Med. A. Pr. July 9, 1507. Florence State Archives.

13. The last will and testament of Caterina was written on May 28, 1509, and is in the Florence State Archives. Med. A. Pr. carte private filza 99 n.12.

EPILOGUE: MANTUA, 1526

1. Pietro Aretino,
The Works of Aretino
, vol. 1, p. 54.

2. Ibid.

ARCHIVES

All translations of archival documents are by the author.

 

Florence State Archives: Pre-principality Medici Archive, Lorenzo de' Medici, 1474–87

Forlì Archives

Imola Archives

Lombard Historical Archives

Mantua State Archives: Gonzaga Archive

Milan State Archives: Sforza Archive, Potenze Estere

Naples State Archives: Private Archive Sforza Riario

Vatican Archives: Registri Garampi

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