The Rise and Fall of a Palestinian Dynasty (70 page)

3
.     E. al-Ghori,
Palestine During Sixty Years
, Beirut 1973, vol. 1, pp. 25–7 (Arabic).

4
.     This description of the people in the delegation was reconstructed with the help of a picture that appears in several sources. But only one book includes detailed information about them: N. al-Nashashibi,
The Last Giant Came from Jerusalem: The Story of the Palestinian Leader Nasr al-Din al-Nashashibi
, Jerusalem 1986, picture on p. 31 (Arabic). The tale on the two sergeants appears in several sources: al-Hut,
The Political
, p. 64; Khoury,
The Modern
, pp. 283–4; in British sources, it appears in Wavell, ibid., p. 66. See also T. Canan, ‘Two Documents on the Surrender of Jerusalem’,
Journal of the Palestine Oriental Society
, 10 (1930), p. 27.

5
.     Newton,
Fifty
, p. 120.

6
.     The description of Allenby’s entrance into Jerusalem was reconstructed with the help of al-Hut,
The Political
; Wavell,
The Palestine
; and pictures 15 and 16 from Walid Khalidi’s album (see al-Khalidi,
Before
, 1987).

7
.     The archbishop’s speech appears in Newton,
Fifty
, p. 109. It is possible that the sentence about ending the crusaders’ era was not said, as it appears in an unreliable source.

8
.     The description of the first meeting between Hussein and Kamil appears in R. Storrs,
Orientations
, London 1938, pp. 278–90. On Kamil’s attitude towards the British, see Porath,
The Emergence
, p. 61. The Arab Office’s memo on the Husaynis is mentioned in B. Wasserstein,
The British in Palestine: The Mandatory Government and the Arab-Jewish Conflict, 1917–1929
, London 1979, p. 15, note 57.

9
.     This description is based on sources mentioned in the previous note.

10
.   On the significance of passing so many posts to Kamil, see Porath,
Al-Hajj
, p. 227, note 16.

11
.   Karak and Oren-Nordheim,
Jerusalem
, p. 273.

12
.   The theory that Faysal was not the actual conqueror of Damascus was developed by Elie Kedourie,
The Chatham Version and Other Middle Eastern Studies
, New York 1984, pp. 33–51.

13
.   The remark on the nonprofessional members can be found in N. Ziyaddah, ‘Ishaq Musa al-Husayni’,
Majalat al-Dirassat al-Filastiniyya
, vol. 9 (1992) (Arabic).

14
.   The pieces on the military rule are based on Emery Papers, Private Papers Collection, The Middle East Centre, St Antony’s College, Oxford, box 1, file 1.

15
.   On the significance of the 8 November 1918 declaration, see Porath,
Al-Hajj
, p. 223.

16
.   Kamil’s first meeting with Ussishkin is described in I. al-Sifari,
Arab Palestine Between the Mandate and Zionism
, Jaffa 1937, vol. 1, p. 29 (Arabic).

17
.   Y. Eilam, ‘The Political History, 1918–1922’ in M. Lissak (ed.),
The History of the Jewish Community in Palestine Since the First Aliya’
, Jerusalem 1984, p. 148 (Hebrew).

18
.   Al-Peleg,
The Mufti
, p.10.

19
.   Porath,
The Emergence
, pp. 104–5.

20
.   The description of the various Palestinian organizations and their preparations for the first conference is based on al-Hut,
The Political
, pp. 87–100 (which is in turn based on an interview with al-Hajj Amin al-Husayni and the private collection of Akram Zuaytar); Porath,
The Emergence
, pp. 56–110; al-Sakakini,
Diary
, 2 February to 15 March 1915.

21
.   Z. Al-Peleg,
From the Mufti’s Point of View
, Tel Aviv 1995, p. 10 (Hebrew).

22
.   Al-Said,
The Great
, pp. 35–7.

23
.   The protest telegram of the first Palestinian Congress against the intention of making Palestine a Jewish national homeland was sent to the Paris Peace Conference on 3 February 1919 and appears in al-Kayali,
The Documents of the Arab Palestinian Resistance, 1918–1939
, Beirut 1988, document 2 (Arabic).

24
.   The suspicion that Storrs contributed to the agitation is mentioned in al-Sakakini,
Diary
, 22 March 1919.

25
.   This chronicle of the King-Crane Commission is based on al-Hut,
The Political
, pp. 110–1; Antonius,
The Arab
, pp. 276–325.

26
.   On Zionist activity at Versailles, see C. Weizmann,
Trail and Error
, New York 1949, pp. 240–52.

27
.   On the appointment of Palestinians in the Faysal government, see al-Said,
The Great
, pp. 35–7.

28
.   S. Schama,
The House of Rothschild and Palestine
, Jerusalem 1980, p. 166.

29
.   Ibid., p. 256.

30
.   Al-Sakakini,
Diary
, 4 April 1919.

31
.   Antonius,
The Arab
, pp. 149–64.

32
.   Ibid.

33
.   The description of Clemenceau’s meeting with Lloyd George in Deauville is taken from Z. N. Zeine,
The Struggle for Arab Independence
, Beirut 1960, pp. 85–107.

34
.   This is based on Philip Mattar’s interview with a member of the Nashashibi’s family; Mattar,
The Mufti
, p. 10, note 40.

35
.   Porath,
The Emergence
, p. 43.

36
.   I. M. al-Husayni,
The Doyen of the Arabic Language: Muhammad Isaf al-Nashashibi
, Jerusalem 1987, p. 55 (Arabic).

37
.   I. M. al-Husayni,
I Learned
, p. 16.

CHAPTER 7

1
.     Among other sources, I learned about the severe winter and early spring from pictures in S. Graham-Brown,
Palestinians and their Society, 1880–1946
, London 1980. All McCracken’s reports, including the photos, appear in W. D. McCracken,
The New Palestine
, Boston 1922, pp. 227–23.

2
.     McCracken, ibid.

3
.     Ibid.

4
.     The welfare organization of Madam Jamal al-Husayni is mentioned in M. E. T. Mogannam,
The Arab Woman and the Palestine Problem
, London 1936, p. 76.

5
.     On Kamil’s participation in the ceremony, see Asaf,
Arab-Jewish
, p. 84.

6
.     On Said in Damascus, see al-Dabagh,
The History
, part 2, vol. 10, p. 381. The call for a peaceful demonstration against Zionism appeared in the paper
Mirat al-Sharq
, 10 March 1920.

7
.     On Jamil al-Husayni’s and Arif al-Arif’s objections to exploiting the Nabi Musa feast for a political protest, see Porath,
The Emergence
, pp. 71, 81.

8
.     Storrs,
Orientations
, pp. 350–400.

9
.     The story of the theft appears in Storrs, ibid., p. 400.

10
.   On the history of the Nabi Musa festival, see K. G. al-Asali,
Nabi Musa
, Jerusalem 1981 (Arabic); al-Peleg,
The Mufti
, p. 12, note 13. The festival’s description appears in Y. Drori, ‘The Origins of Nabi Musa’,
Sali’t
, vol. 1/5 (1972), pp. 203–8 (Hebrew). For the pictures and description in Walid Khalidi’s album, see al-Khalidi,
Before
, picture 58 and onwards; for Graham-Brown’s album, see Graham-Brown,
Palestinians
, pictures on p. 139.

11
.   The description of March and April 1920 is taken from Israeli documents found in the Central Zionist Archives, 3/L, file 222, an intelligence report, and the Palin Report in PRO, FO 371/5121, E9379, p. 4.

12
.   Whittingham’s report appears in G. N. Whittingham,
The Home of Fadeless Splendor
, London, no date, pp. 183–213.

13
.   All of Adamson’s observations are in an Easter report he wrote in 1920, found in his private collection: Private Papers Collection, Middle East Centre, St Antony’s College, Oxford.

14
.   Ibid.

15
.   Storrs,
Orientations
, 1938.

16
.   See Khalil al-Baydas’s speech in Awdat,
Thinkers
.

17
.   The bluntest accusation of Jabotnisky’s involvement is found in Newton,
Fifty
, p. 134.

18
.   Whittingham,
The Home
.

19
.   The reports of the American consul appear in G. Biger, ‘The American Consulate in Jerusalem and the Events of 1920–1921’,
Cathedra
49 (September 1988), pp. 133–139 (Hebrew).

20
.   Izzat Tannus claimed that Musa Kazim was fired because he refused to declare Hebrew an official language in the county. This is also corroborated by Jewish sources from the period. See Tannus,
The Palestinians
, p. 100; Porath,
The Emergence
, p. 82.

21
.   On Storrs’s response to Allenby’s apology, see Storrs,
Orientations
, p. 332.

22
.   The Palin Commission was made up of Anglo-Egyptian officials; see Newton,
Fifty
, p. 134.

23
.   On Baydas’s arrest, see Awdat,
Thinkers
. The manuscript of
Hadith al-Sajun
was not found until recently.

24
.   Al-Kayali,
The Documents
, pp. 147–8.

25
.   On the second conference, see al-Hut,
The Political
, p. 118; Porath,
The Emergence
, pp. 71–2.

26
.   On Kamil’s attitude towards the British, see Porath,
Al-Hajj
, p. 227, note 15. On Kamil’s encounters with Jewish leaders in February 1920, see Mattar,
The Mufti
, p. 16.