The Old Road (24 page)

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Authors: Hilaire Belloc

Tags: #Azizex666, #Roads, #England

BOOK: The Old Road
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  • Paddlesworth
    , passage of Old Road,
    253
    (note 1).
  • Palace
    of Archbishops of Canterbury at Otford,
    220
    -
    223
    .
  • Park
    ,
    Albury
    ,
    Monk's Hatch
    ,
    Denbies
    ,
    Gatton
    ,
    Merstham
    ,
    Titsey
    ,
    Chevening
    ,
    Stede Hill
    ,
    Eastwell
    ,
    Godmersham
    ,
    Chilham
    . See under these names.
  • Pebble Combe
    , passage of Old Road across,
    194
    -
    196
    (and map).
  • Pilgrimage
    , to shrine of St. Thomas at Canterbury, preserves the Old Road,
    76
    -
    81
    ; change of date of,
    91
    ; rapid development of,
    91
    -
    92
    ; ancient sites restored by,
    93
    ; but also prehistoric track sometimes confused by list of places so affected,
    96
    (and note); example at Ropley of its recovery of Old Road,
    136
    (and note); confuses record of passing of River Mole,
    181
    ; diversion caused to Road after Merstham,
    205
    ; and Old Wives' Lees,
    271
    .
  • Pilgrim's Lane
    , near Merstham,
    205
    .
  • Pixham Mill
    , Old Road crosses Mole at,
    182
    (map), and 183 (note).
  • Porchester
    , example of Roman use of 'Second Crossing,'
    55
    .
  • Portsmouth
    , as a harbour of the 'Second Crossing,'
    54
    .
  • Portus Adurni
    , possibly origin of a track to London,
    200
    ; doubts on its equivalence to Shoreham,
    200
    .
  • Portus Lemanis
    , the modern Lympne, perhaps original of Old Road,
    27
    ; its connection with the earliest crossing of the Straits,
    35
    .
  • Puttenham
    , apparent exception to straightness of Old Road at, mentioned,
    105
    ; example of church passed to south,
    110
    ; medieval market at,
    158
    ; diversion of Old Road at, discussed,
    159
    -
    161
    (and map); neolithic and bronze remains at,
    161
    .
  • Quarley Hill
    , on original track of Old Road,
    27
    .
  • Quarry Hangers
    , east of Red Hill, too steep to take Old Road,
    205
    ,
    206
    ; arrival at summits of,
    207
    .
  • Ramsgate
    , one of modern harbours on northern shore of Straits, its artificial character,
    36
    .
  • Reconstruction of Old Road.
    See '
    Method
    .'
  • Reculvers
    , one of original harbours in connection with crossing Straits of Dover,
    35
    .
  • Reef
    , of Calvados,
    50
    ; off Ventnor,
    55
    .
  • Reformation
    , effect of, on Old Road,
    221
    -
    224
    .
  • Reigate
    , derivation of name of, and relation to Old Road,
    199
    .
  • Religion
    , effect of a road on development of,
    7
    ; effect of Dark Ages on, in Britain,
    80
    ; preserves and recovers Old Road,
    92
    -
    94
    .
  • Representative System
    , monastic origin of,
    86
    .
  • Richborough
    , one of original harbours on northern shore of the Straits,
    35
    (Rutupiae); alternative harbour in original crossing,
    36
    .
  • Road
    , the, primeval importance of,
    4
    -
    5
    .
  • —— Old.
    See '
    Old Road
    .'
  • Road, Roman.
    See '
    Roman Road
    .'
  • —— Flanking.
    See '
    Flanking Roads
    .'
  • —— Turnpike.
    See '
    Turnpike
    .'
  • Roads, prehistoric
    , in England, correspond to five hill ranges,
    15
    (with map); difficulty of recovering,
    74
    -
    75
    ; especially preserved in Britain,
    78
    ; and their destruction in twelfth century,
    84
    ,
    85
    .
  • Roman Britain
    , imperfect occupation of,
    76
    ,
    77
    .
  • Roman Coins
    , discovery of, at Gatton,
    203
    ; at Boxley,
    253
    (note 2).
  • Roman Remains
    , near Itchen Abbas,
    126
    (and note); near Farnham,
    153
    ; at Colley Farm and Walton Heath,
    197
    ; at Titsey Park,
    214
    ; at Lower Halling, Snodland, Burham, Little Culand,
    251
    ;
    Plaxtol and Thurnham, Boxley,
    253
    (note 2).
  • Roman Road
    , definite character of a,
    74
    ; from Winchester to Silchester, site of,
    119
    ,
    124
    (and note); conjectural from Portus Adurni to London,
    200
    ; at base of Upwood Scrubbs,
    208
    .
  • Ropley
    , passage of Pilgrimage through, and position on Old Road,
    136
    (and note); valley of, track of Old Road through,
    137
    (map).
  • Rutupiae.
    See
    Reculvers
    .
  • Rye
    , one of original harbours on northern shores of Straits,
    35
    .
  • St. Catherine's Chapel
    , near Guildford, discussed in connection with passage of River Wey,
    163
    -
    165
    .
  • —— Down
    , in Isle of Wight. See '
    Isle of Wight
    .'
  • —— Hill
    , camp at Winchester, compared to Bigberry Camp,
    70
    .
  • St. Martha's
    , doubtful whether passed to north or south,
    110
    ; derivation of name,
    170
    ; described, passed,
    172
    .
  • St. Swithin
    , his shrine at Winchester,
    71
    .
  • St. Thomas à Becket
    , his shrine at Canterbury destroys that of St. Swithin at Winchester,
    71
    ; pilgrimage to tomb of, see '
    Pilgrimage
    '; his martyrdom, turning-point of twelfth century,
    89
    ; date of martyrdom, jubilee and translation,
    91
    ; his chapel at Reigate,
    200
    .
  • Salisbury Plain
    , area of convergence of prehistoric roads,
    16
    .
  • Sandwich
    , one of harbours on northern shore of Straits,
    35
    .
  • Scilly Isles
    , their identification with Cassiterides doubtful,
    20
    .
  • '
    Second Crossing
    ,' passage of Channel from Cotentin to Wight so called,
    46
    ; its advantages,
    48
    ; map of,
    49
    ; high land marking either shore,
    50
    -
    51
    ; great advantage of its English harbours,
    55
    ; the direct route to the centre at Salisbury Plain,
    56
    ; principal cause of development of Winchester,
    ibid
    .
  • Seale
    , church of, passage of Old Road as near as possible to south of,
    110
    ; passed,
    157
    .
  • Seine
    , estuary of, its importance in production of Second Crossing,
    48
    ,
    49
    (and map).
  • Severn
    , valley of, importance as metallic centre,
    20
    .
  • Shalford
    , Becket's fair at,
    158
    ; passage of Wey at, discussed,
    164
    -
    167
    (and map).
  • Shere
    , church of, passage of Old Road to south of, doubtful,
    110
    ; probable track of Old Road through, described,
    175
    .
  • Shoelands
    , passed on journey,
    157
    ; significance of name,
    157
    .
  • Shrines
    , of Winchester and Canterbury compared,
    71
    ; of St. Thomas à Becket. See '
    St Thomas
    .'
  • Snodland
    , church of, passage of Old Road to south of,
    110
    ; crossing of Medway at, discussed,
    248
    -
    253
    (and map),
    236
    .
  • South Country
    , originally wealthiest portion of the island,
    23
    ,
    24
    .
  • Southampton Water, Solent, and Spithead
    , regarded as one harbour, north of 'Second Crossing,'
    55
    .
  • South Downs
    , their position in scheme of prehistoric roads,
    16
    .
  • Stane Street
    , example of evidences of a Roman road,
    74
    ; disuse in Middle Ages,
    87
    ; crosses Mole at Burford Bridge,
    185
    .
  • Stoke
    , meaning of, in place-names,
    127
    .
  • Stonehenge
    , and Avebury, mark convergence of prehistoric roads,
    16
    ; original starting-point of Old Road,
    27
    .
  • Stour, River
    , importance of in development of Canterbury,
    42
    ,
    43
    ; compared to Itchen,
    68
    ,
    69
    ; source in Lenham,
    259
    ; entry of Old Road into valley of,
    260
    ,
    262
    .
  • Straits of Dover
    , importance of, to England alluded to,
    17
    ; discussed at length,
    29
    -
    40
    ; complexity of tides in,
    32
    ; opposite shores visible,
    32
    ; original harbours of,
    35
    ; original crossing of,
    37
    -
    39
    .
  • Street
    ,
    Stane
    ,
    Ermine
    ,
    Watling
    . See under these names.
  • Street
    , in place-names indicates passage of a road,
    136
    (and note 2).
  • Swegen
    , his march through the Worthies,
    126
    .
  • Thomas à Becket, St.
    See '
    St. Thomas
    .'
  • Ticino
    , example of advantage of partial isolation,
    30
    .
  • Tide
    , multiplicity of harbours due to their complexity,
    31
    -
    32
    ; in Straits of Dover,
    37
    -
    39
    ; limit of, on Stour,
    43
    ; and on Itchen, forming Canterbury and Winchester,
    68
    ; political importance of limit of,
    e.g.
    at Snodland,
    252
    .
  • Tin
    , mined originally in Cornwall,
    20
    .
  • Titsey Church
    , old, example of church passed to south by Old Road,
    110
    ; passed on journey,
    216
    .
  • —— Park
    , discoveries in, mentioned,
    82
    ; flanking road on hills to east of,
    107
    ; Roman remains of, and passage of Old Road through,
    214
    .
  • Towns
    , inland, advantages for defence over seaports,
    67
    ; avoided by Old Road, exceptions to this,
    149
    .
  • Trottescliffe.
    See
    Coldrum
    .
  • Turnpike Roads
    , second cause of preservation of Old Road,
    76
    ,
    95
    .
  • Twelfth Century
    , revolution of the,
    84
    -
    87
    .
  • Upwood Scrubbs
    , near Caterham, Old Road lost in,
    208
    .
  • Valleys
    , examples of advantages of partial isolation,
    31
    ; of
    Wey
    ,
    Itchen
    ,
    Darent
    ,
    Medway
    , etc. See under these names.
  • Varne
    , sand-buoy, alluded to,
    37
    .
  • Walton Heath
    , Roman remains at,
    197
    .
  • Watershed
    , method of crossing one,
    60
    -
    61
    ; that between Itchen and Wey,
    61
    -
    62
    (and map); proximity of, to Medstead,
    113
    ; direct approach to, an argument for Itchen Stoke Ford,
    131
    ; also for coincidence of Old Road with Brisland Lane,
    135
    ; how approached from Ropley valley,
    137
    (and map); passed on journey,
    140
    ; map of, in detail,
    143
    ; of Medway and Stour,
    259
    .
  • Watling Street
    , alluded to,
    18
    ; preserved when others disappeared in twelfth and thirteenth centuries,
    86
    .
  • Wells
    , in churches, list of,
    57
    (note).
  • Welsh Road
    , preserved, like the Old Road, by turnpikes,
    95
    -
    96
    .
  • West Country
    , importance of, in early times,
    19
    -
    22
    ; spirit of,
    21
    .
  • Weston
    , or
    Albury Wood
    , Old Road passes to north of,
    106
    (note); this part of road described in journey,
    173
    .
  • Weston Street
    , old name for Albury, significant of passage of Old Road,
    136
    (note 2).
  • West Street
    , near Lenham, place-name significant of passage of Old Road,
    136
    (note 2).
  • Wey River
    , discussion of how crossed by Old Road near Shalford,
    164
    -
    167
    (and map).
  • ——
    valley of, forms Winchester to Farnham road,
    60
    ; its geological conditions beyond Alton,
    152
    (and note); coincidence of Old and modern road in,
    149
    -
    152
    (and map); Roman remains in,
    153
    .
  • Whitchurch
    , on original track of Old Road,
    27
    .
  • Whiteways
    , point in Hog's Back where Old Road branches from Turnpike,
    156
    .
  • Wight, Isle of.
    See '
    Isle of Wight
    .'
  • Winchelsea
    , one of original harbours on northern shore of Straits,
    35
    .
  • Winchester
    , why the origin of Old Road in its final form, causes of development of,
    45
    -
    57
    ; inland town of the Second Crossing,
    56
    ; great age of,
    56
    ; compared to Chartres,
    57
    ; compared with Canterbury,
    66
    -
    71
    ; beginning of decay of, after twelfth century,
    87
    ; arrangement of Roman streets in,
    117
    ; site of north gate of,
    118
    .
  • Winds
    , prevailing in Straits of Dover,
    33
    ; effect of, on original crossing,
    34
    ; prevailing, of 'Second Crossing,'
    48
    (map),
    49
    .
  • Worthies
    ,
    Headbourne
    ,
    King's
    ,
    Martyrs'
    . See under these names.
  • Wrotham
    , relation of, to Old Road,
    226
    -
    227
    (and map); view from,
    231
    -
    233
    .
  • Wye
    , in Kent, why unsuitable as a centre for Kentish ports,
    42
    -
    44
    .

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