The Medieval English Landscape, 1000-1540 (57 page)

peat
36
,
38
,
40

Peckforton (Cheshire)
48

pele towers
208
–
9

Penhallam (Cornwall)
see
Berry Court

Penrith (Cumberland)
105
,
108

Perpendicular architecture
9
,
162
–
3
,
166
,
167
,
178
,
181

Peterborough (Cambridgeshire)
101
,
103
,
125
,
209
,
233n. 62

abbey and cathedral
9
,
33
,
147
,
148
,
158

Pickering, Vale of
34

Pickering castle
199
–
200

Piercebridge (County Durham)
111
,
116

pilgrimages
110
,
163
,
173

pillow mounds
50
–
1

ploughs, ploughing
see
arable farming

polyfocal villages
57

Pontefract (Yorkshire)
108
,
127

castle
127
,
216

population,

local impact
66
,
94
,
101
,
138
,
140
,
177
,
178
,
210

national impact
3
,
5
–
8
,
99
,
158
,
215
,
217
–
18

Portsmouth (Hampshire)
122

Pounsley (Sussex)
70

Premonstratensian Order
154
–
5
,
155

Provisions of Merton
34

Puddletown (Dorset)
22

quarries
68
,
69

Queenborough (Kent)
122
,
127

Quernmore (Lancashire)
48
,
49

rabbits
48
–
51

Rackham, O.
30
,
40
,
44

Ramsey abbey
9
,
112

Rashleigh (Devon)
16
,
63

Raunds (Northamptonshire)
64
,
174

Ravensdale (Derbyshire)
47

Ravenserodd (Yorkshire)
140

Rawthorpe Old Hall (Yorkshire)
84

Reading (Berkshire)
104
,
108

abbey
147

Reepham (Norfolk)
105

Restormel castle
200

Reynolds, S.
100

Richard I (King of England)
9
,
44
,
75
,
122

Richard III (King of England)
48

Richard fitz Nigel (treasurer to Henry II)
40
,
48

Richard’s Castle (Herefordshire)
187
,
199

Richmond (Yorkshire)
125

castle
192
,
200

ridge and furrow
9
,
26
–
7
,
28
,
53
,
64
,
90

Rievaulx abbey
149
–
51
,
151

ringworks
189
,
191
,
192

Rivenhall (Essex)
33
,
65

river trade
108

roads
108
–
11

Robert de Torigni
75
,
193
,
229n. 53

Rochester (Kent)
111
,
113
,
210

castle
196

cathedral
164

Rodings (Essex)
18

Romanesque architecture
147
–
8
,
157
,
158

Romney marshes
36
,
38
,
39
,
81

Romsey abbey
103
,
157

Ross-on-Wye (Herefordshire)
105
,
106

Rotherfield (Sussex)
173

Rous, J. (writer)
92
,
94

Rudston (Yorkshire)
172

Rufford (Nottinghamshire)
92

Rugeley (Staffordshire)
99

Rule of St Augustine
153
–
4

Rule of St Benedict
144
–
5
,
148
–
9
,
157

Rule of St Paul
114

saffron
11

St Albans (Hertfordshire)
109
,
172

abbey
51
,
118
,
147
,
148

St Briavels (Gloucestershire)
74

St Cleer (Cornwall)
173

St Ives (Cornwall)
108

St Ives (Huntingdonshire)
107
,
112
,
116
,
123

St Paul’s cathedral, London
83
,
164
,
167

Salisbury (Wiltshire)
111
,
131
,
132
,
139
,
210

bishopric
120
,
121

cathedral
164
,
165
,
166
,
167
,
168

saltworking
68
–
9
,
74
–
5

Sandal castle
197

Sandwich (Kent)
103
,
120
,
128
,
136
–
7
,
210
,
213

Sawtry (Huntingdonshire)
50
,
109

Scandinavian impact
1
,
3
–
4
,
58
,
103

Scarborough castle
194
,
199

Segenhoe (Bedfordshire)
22
,
61

Sempringham, Order of
156

settlement,

colonization
66
–
7

desertion
89
–
97
,
217

rural planning
20
,
59
–
61
,
63
–
4
,
174

urban planning
118
–
30

see also
dispersed settlement, nucleated settlement

Shapwick (Somerset)
16
,
61
,
88

Sharlston Hall (Yorkshire)
84

sheep
7
,
8
,
24
,
31
,
34
–
7
,
38
,
93
,
157
–
8
see also
cloth industry

Shelford (Cambridgeshire)
29
,
57

shell keeps
199
–
200

Shenstone (Staffordshire)
65

Sheppey (Kent)
106

Sherborne Newland (Dorset)
120

Sherburn-in-Elmet (Yorkshire)
140

Sherwood Forest (Nottinghamshire)
43

shiels, shielings
34
,
64
,
70
,
78

Shifford (Oxfordshire)
33

Shocklach (Cheshire)
31
,
32
,
174

shops
123
–
4
,
131
–
6
,
133
,
134
,
135

Shouldham priory
156

Shrewsbury,

abbey
121
,
129
,
132
,
147

castle
190
,
192

other
76
,
102
,
129
,
132
–
3

size of town
140
,
160
,
190
,
210

town defences
210

trade and communications
108

South Mimms castle
191

South Stoke (Oxfordshire)
22

South Wingfield (Derbyshire)
205

South-Eastern Province
15
,
58
,
62
,
81

Southampton,

castle
187

other
132
,
133

size of town
140
,
160

town defences
212
,
214

trade and communications
103
,
104
,
107
,
108
,
111

Southwark (Surrey)
136

cathedral
154
,
158

Stafford castle
197

Stamford (Lincolnshire)
101
,
108
,
132
,
190

standards of living
8
,
24
,
37
–
8
,
71
,
179
,
217

Stanfield (Norfolk)
62
,
63

Statute of Bridges
114
,
116

Statute of Westminster II
4
,
34

Statute of Winchester
106
,
110

statute perch
127

Stephen (King of England)
104
,
105
–
7
,
147
,
185
,
186
,
191
,
193

Steyning (Sussex)
102

Sticklepath (Devon)
52

Stilton (Huntingdonshire)
109

Stokenham (Devon)
77

Stokesay castle
208
,
209

Stow St Mary (Lincolnshire)
170

Stratford-upon-Avon (Warwickshire)
96
,
115
,
116
,
124
,
127

street layout
124
–
8

strips
19
,
28
,
91
see also
arable farming; meadow, common

suburbs
102
,
128
–
9

Sulgrave (Northamptonshire)
188

Sutton Park (Birmingham)
46

Swaffham (Norfolk)
180

Swaffham Prior (Cambridgeshire)
171

Swithland (Leicestershire)
42

Syon abbey (Middlesex)
156

Tamworth (Staffordshire)
101
,
102
,
210

castle
191
,
199
,
200
,
210

Tanworth (Warwickshire)
66

Tarvin (Cheshire)
21

Tattershall castle
198
,
204

Tatton (Cheshire)
62
,
87

Taunton (Devon)
210

Taylor, C.
57
,
64

Tees, River
111
,
116

Templars
121
,
155
–
6

Tewkesbury (Gloucestershire)
132
,
134

abbey
132
,
134
,
148

Thames, River
33
,
114
,
115
,
156
,
187

Thaxted (Essex)
137
,
140

Thetford (Norfolk)
31
,
50
,
101
,
103
,
108
,
120

Thornton abbey
38

Tickhill castle
195
,
199
,
240n. 1

Tilston (Cheshire)
25
,
27
,
62

Tiverton (Devon)
140

tofts
64
,
65
,
79
–
82
,
85
–
6
,
90

Tonbridge castle
197

Totnes (Devon)
102
,
127
,
140

castle
200

Towcester (Northamptonshire)
118

Tower of London
see
London

town plans,

grid
124
–
5
,
126

radial
125

single street
125
–
7

town walls
102
,
210
–
14
,
211
,
213

Trent, River
108

Tunley (Lancashire)
16

turnpikes
110

Tusmore (Oxfordshire)
91

Tutbury (Staffordshire)
101

castle
216
,
240n. 1

Tynemouth priory
78

Upton (Gloucestershire)
82
,
96

Utopia
93

Uxbridge (Middlesex)
126
,
233n. 64

vaccaries
34
–
6

Valor Ecclesiasticus
96

Vikings
see
Scandinavian impact

visitations, episcopal
8
,
161
,
163
,
180

Wadenhoe (Northamptonshire)
172

Wakefield (Yorkshire)
47
,
140

Walberswick (Suffolk)
181

Walden priory
107

Walgrave (Northamptonshire)
64

Wallingford (Berkshire)
101
,
103
,
106
,
178
,
190
,
210