The Hornet's Sting (58 page)

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Authors: Mark Ryan

Tags: #World War; 1939-1945 - Secret Service - Denmark, #Sneum; Thomas, #World War II, #Political Freedom & Security, #True Crime, #World War; 1939-1945, #Underground Movements, #General, #Denmark - History - German Occupation; 1940-1945, #Spies - Denmark, #Secret Service, #World War; 1939-1945 - Underground Movements - Denkamrk, #Political Science, #Denmark, #Biography & Autobiography, #Military, #Spies, #Intelligence, #Biography, #History

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Note 2: Page 311, Lines 8-9: “ ... he was shot dead.” Turnbull’s account is contained in the SOE Files, National Archives, London.

Note 3: Page 311, Line 10:“Hollingworth was furious.” Turnbull’s claim to author, 1999- 2003.

Note 4: Page 311, Line 28: “Major Blunt ... ” Ironically, given the search for a double agent, this was the infamous Anthony Blunt, later exposed himself as a double agent and Russian spy. He was nicknamed “The Fourth Man” is a spying scandal that had exposed not just Kim Philby but also Guy Burgess and Donald Maclean, men Blunt had recruited to the Russian cause.

Note 5: Page 312, Lines 3-4: “None of this was told to us until today . . . ” Wethered’s reflections on his meeting with Hollingworth can be found in the KV6 series of documents at the National Archives in London.

Note 6: Page 312, Lines 25-26: “visited Sneum in Milton Ernest to interrogate him . . . ” Again Wethered mentions this in the KV6 series at the National Archives in London. Sneum also told the author about a visit to Milton Ernest by unknown agents and how he defended his record under interrogation.

Note 7: Page 313, Lines 13-14: ‘the gist . . . regarding TABLE TOP.’ MI5—Britain’s domestic

Security Service—wrote to author Mark Ryan directly to reply to his queries, subsequently called the author and then promised further information, before falling strangely silent.

CHAPTER 46: WHEN LIFE IS TOO SHORT
 

Note 1: Page 315, Lines 3-4: “You run around with too many girls, Sneum ...” Dialogue as recalled by Tommy Sneum during his many interviews with the author.

Note 2: Page 317, Lines 3-4: “Anita’s father was a horticultural contractor . . . ” Much of this information is contained on Sigfred and Anita’s wedding certificate, a copy of which is in the author’s collection.

Note 3: Page 317, Lines 13-16: “He also warned her . . . Sneum would probably be behind it.” Sneum told the author that Anita Christophersen later challenged him with this claim.

Note 4: Page 318, Line 16: “At midnight on 21 June, 1943 . . . ” This account is to be found at the National Archives in London, along with the circumstances behind the loss and the outcome of the relevant mission.

CHAPTER 47: THE ACCIDENT
 

Note 1: Page 321, Line 19: “ . . . SIS suddenly awarded him £2,750.” This is the amount specified by Sneum in interviews with the author, 1998-2006. SIS (MI6) has never denied the payout.

Note 2: Page 322, Line 21: “You learned to fly . . . ” Dialogue as recalled by Tommy Sneum during his many interviews with the author.

Note 3: Page 322, Line 31: “He had been there since 6 December . . . ” This is from Pedersen’s official RAF war service record.

Note 4: Page 324, Lines 5-6: “ . . . Can you report on activity at Peenemunde . . . ” This message as specified in “Inside SOE” by EH Cookridge.

Note 5: Page 325, Line 15: “Just before midnight on 9 August 1943 . . . ” Source: The official crash investigation documents, to be found in the National Archives, London.

Note 6: Page 327, Line 6: “Tommy Sneum might be behind it . . . ” It was Sneum who, during interviews with the author, revealed Anita Christophersen’s claims.

CHAPTER 48: REWARDS AND MEMORIES
 

Note 1: Page 328, Lines 16-17: ‘It wasn’t a question of “stealing SIS’s thunder,” as one historian claimed,’ ... That was how EH Cookridge put it in his excellent book “Inside SOE.”

Note 2: Page 329, Lines 11-12: “ . . . Turnbull, who was able to say later: Turnbull made these remarks during interviews with Mark Ryan between 1999 and 2003.

Note 3: Page 332, Lines 3-14: Dialogue reconstructed with the help of Tommy Sneum, whose memories of this conversation with Gyth—and their showdown later than night—remained consistent from 1998 to 2006.

CHAPTER 49: COMING HOME
 

Note 1: Page 337, Line 1: “ . . . Reichsmarschall Herman Goering.” On 31
st
January 1943 105 Squadron became the first Mosquito unit to bomb Berlin. They disrupted plans for Goering and Goebbels to address parades in the morning and later Goering expressed his fury in a way that only boosted the standing of the Mosquito. Goering’s humiliation that day was compounded by a boast that had come back to haunt him. He had insisted that Allied planes would never fly in the skies above Berlin and leave in one piece. Now he had to admit he was wrong.

Note 2: Page 340, Line 12: “ . . . Kastrup airport,” RV Jones clearly thought he had succeeded in arranging this, because he wrote in his book, “Most Secret War,” ‘ . . . I persuaded the Royal Air Force to let [Sneum] lead his squadron into the airport at Copenhagen as the first of the Allied Forces to take it back from the Germans.’ Sneum insisted to Mark Ryan that this had never happened, however honourable Jones’ intentions had been.

Note 3: Page 340, Line 17: “ ... Hiroshima and Nagasakil, who was. ” The bombs were dropped on August 6 and August 9, 1945. Around 140,000 had died on Hiroshima by the end of the year as a result of the bombing there. On Nagasaki the figure was closer to 80,000. But around 250,000 people had lost their lives on the tiny island of Okinawa alone that summer, during fierce fighting between US and Japanese forces. Therefore it was deemed that the use of the atom bombs would save lives in the long run, even though the world was shocked by their destructive force.

Note 4: Page 340, Line 32: “ . . . doing similar work for us during the German occupation.” This document is in the author’s possession.

Note 5: Page 341, Line 16: “ . . . posted to 1 Squadron . . . ” From Kjeld Pedersen’s official RAF record.

Note 6: Page 342, Line 14: “ . . . their favourite tale time and again . . . ” Sneum’s story was still being told on internet websites dedicated to flying, by former RAF Acklington servicemen among others, at the start of the 21
st
century.

EPILOGUE: THE HORNET’S STING
 

Note 1: Page 343, Lines 6-7: “ . . . with the following news:” War Office Files, National Archives, London.

Note 2: Page 344, Line 25: “ . . . Duus Hansen.” Having been appointed chief of clandestine Danish radio-communications with England in the summer of 1943, Duus Hansen was always going to become a marked man sooner or later. On December 6, 1944, his private Copenhagen home at Klosterrisvej 8 was blown up by the German police. In January1945 Duus Hansen made it to England via Sweden for a round of technical consultations. While in England he was made a lieutenant in the Royal East Kent Regiment—better known as “The Buffs.” This was the regiment that most Danish soldiers and would-be agents joined during the war. Finally he returned to Denmark via Sweden, despite the obvious risks. Tommy Sneum’s finest recruit survived the war.

Note 3: Page 345, Line 12: “R.V. Jones wrote later:” In his acclaimed book, “Most Secret War.”

Note 4: Page 347, Lines 29-30: “ . . . when he answered a letter from the historian Jorgen Hastrup.” The author Mark Ryan still has a copy of this letter.

Note 5: Page 350, Lines 1-7: “Sure enough . . . bomb was built.” Richard Rhodes gives a compelling account of that momentous day in his magnificent book, “The Making of the Atom Bomb.”

Note 6: Page 351, Line 16: “They wrote back ...” The letter from MI5 was dated 11 July, 2006.

Note 7: Page 351, Line 36: “Were you a double agent?” This conversation took place in November, 2006.

Index
 

Aalborg

Aalborg airstrip

Abwe
hr (German Intelligence) German Intelligence

Ackermann, Eric

Admiralty

Agerup

Air Ministry

Air Ministry Intelligence

Allied convoys

Allies
see also
Anglo-American air raids

Amager

Amble

‘Amniarix’

Andersen, Hans Christian

Andersen, Poul Anderson, Kaj

Anderson, Kaj

Andrews, Gordon

Andrews, Irene

Andrews, Leslie

Anglo-American air raids

Ankara

Anti-Comintern Pact

anti-German protests (Danish)

Ashby-Peckham, Flight Sergeant

Assens

Atlantic

atom bomb

Avnoe airstrip

Bang and Olufsen

Baston, David

BBC
see
British Broadcasting Corporation

Belgium

Benke, Mr

Bennicke, Colonel Vagn

Berlin

Bertelsen, Erik

Bertelsen, Margit

Bertelsen, Niels-Richard

Bill (Brixton inmate)

Bismarck
(battleship)

Blenheim aircraft, Mark I

Blitz

Blunt, Major

Boerglum

Bogart, Humphrey

Bogoe

Bohr, Harald

Bohr, Niels

Bond, James

‘Booklet, The’ (Danish uprising plan)

Bornholm, Denmark

Brazil

Britain

Britain, battle of

British, and the German Fanoe installations

British Army

Royal Lifeguard Regiment

Tank Corps

British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) anti-German propaganda

British Intelligence
see also
MI5; MI6; Secret Intelligence Service; Special Operations Executive

British Legation, Copenhagen

British Legation, Stockholm

British Scientific Intelligence

Brixton Prison

‘Little Budapest’

Bromme airfield

Brorfelde

Bruhn, Carl

Bruneval Raid

Bullock Hall Farm

Café Bunis, Copenhagen

Campbell, Malcolm

Chamberlain, Neville

Chemielewski, Jerzy

Chiewitz, Professor Ole

Christensen, Rasmus

Christian, King

Christiansen, Lieutenant

Commander Hasager

Christianshavn

Christophersen (née Wood), Mary Anita Blackford

Christopherson, Anne Katrine

Christopherson, Hildur

Christopherson, Johannes

Christopherson, Sigfred Johannes

courts and marries Mary Wood

death

early life

in Malmo prison

release

spills the beans on Danish operations

returned to Britain his following Malmo incursion

in the Royal Air Force

in the SIS

on the ground in Denmark

ordered out of Denmark by Sneum

Christopherson, Sigfred Johannes - in the SIS -
continued

 

sent to Denmark

training

Christopherson, Thorbjoern

Churchill, Winston

Clarke, M.L.

Closquet, Jean

Coastal Command (British)

codes

Morse

pre-code signatures

Cohen, Commander Kenneth

Connan, Anne

Conservative Party (Swedish)

Cookridge, E.H.

Copenhagen

Coquet Island

Cox, Flight Sergeant

Criminal Investigations Branch (Danish)

Dahl, Jens

Danish Airport Authority (DPPA)

Danish Army

Danish Army Intelligence

Danish Army Reserve

Danish Club

Danish Committee

Danish Fleet Air Arm

Danish Intelligence ‘the Princes’ (HAMILCAR)

Danish Legation, London

Danish Naval Intelligence

Danish Navy
see also
Danish Fleet Air Arm

Danish Nazi Party

Danish police

AS (Special Affairs) Department

Danish resistance

Danish Royal Air Force

Danish secret army

Danish troops

Dansey, Claude

De Gaulle, Charles

De Havilland

De Havilland Hornet Moths

De Havilland Mosquitoes

Defoe, Daniel

Denham, Captain Henry

Denmark

Double Twelve Hours race

DPPA
see
Danish Airport Authority

Duff, Joan

Dunbar, R.

Duus Hansen, Lorens Arne

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