The Great A&P and the Struggle for Small Business in America (61 page)

Havana

Hayes, Rutherford B.

Hearst newspapers

Henderson, William Kennon

Henderson Iron Works

Hershey’s chocolate

Hitler, Adolf

Hoffman, Arthur

Hoffman, L. M., & Company

Home Insurance Company of New York

Hoover, Herbert

Horlick, Harry, and the A&P Gypsies

Horseheads (New York)

Hough, Charles

House of Representatives, U.S.; Banking and Currency Committee; Interstate and Foreign Commerce Committee; Judiciary Committee; Rules Committee; Selection Committee on Small Business; Un-American Activities Committee; Ways and Means Committee

Houston (Texas)

Howard, N. F.

Howe, Harriet R.

Hughes, Mary

Hughes Springs (Texas)

Hunter, Thomas P.

Hurd, Charles

Hurley, Edward

Huxtable, Ada Louise

Idaho

Illinois, University of

Independent Business and Professional Men

Independent Grocers & Meat Dealers

India

Indiana

Indianapolis

Ingersoll, Robert H., & Brother

Insull, Samuel

International Labor News Service

International Typographical Union

Interstate Merchant

Iona brand

Iowa

Irish immigrants

Italian immigrants

J. C. Penney stores

Jackson, Robert H.

Jacobs, William States

Jane Parker baked goods

Japan; in World War II

Jefferson, Thomas

Jeffersonville (Indiana)

Jell-O brand gelatin

Jersey City (New Jersey); A&P headquarters in

Jewish Community Center (Washington, D.C.)

Jews

Johnson, Lady Bird

Johnson, Lyndon

Joliet (Illinois)

Jones, Jesse

Jones Brothers Tea Company

Journal of Commerce

Justice Department, U.S.

Kahn, Alfred E.

Kansas

Kansas City

Kansas Retail Grocers Association

Karnack (Texas)

Katzman’s grocery store (Washington, D.C.)

Keller, G. D.

Kellogg Toasted Corn Flake Company

Kentucky

Kern County (California)

King, Mildred

King Kullen Grocery Company

Kirstein, Louis E.

Kmart discount stores

Knox, Henry E.

Korean War

Krasdale tomato sauce

Kresge, S. S.

Kroger Grocery and Baking Company; advertising allowances of; antitrust complaint filed against; consolidation of small chains into; factories operated by; investment in average store of; manufacturer discounts to; return on investment of

KWKH radio station

Labor Statistics, U.S. Bureau of

La Guardia, Fiorello

Landis, Kenesaw Mountain

Laramie (Wyoming)

League of Oppressed Nations

League of Women Voters

leather industry

Lebhar, Godfrey

Lecount, Jona

Lee, Robert E.

Libby, McNeill & Libby

Liberson’s Market (Portsmouth)

Library of Congress

Lieber, Philip

Lindley, Walter C.

Lipton Tea

Lithuania

Little Rock (Arkansas)

Logan, John A.

Long, Huey

Lord & Thomas

Los Angeles

loss leaders

Louisiana

Louisiana Farmers’ Protective Union

Louisville (Kentucky)

Lubec (Maine)

Ludlum, Louis

Ludlum, Mary

Lyons, Robert W.

Macfadden, Bernarr

Machado, Gerardo

MacMarr chain

Macy, R. H., & Company

mail-order business

Maine; A&P stores in

Makaroff, Count Vadim

Managers’ Benefit Association

Manual For Managers of Economy Stores
(G. H. Hartford)

marketing; by distributors; in leather industry; national; regional; of store brands; of supermarkets; unorthodox approach to; during World War I;
see also
advertising

Marvel bread

Marx, Karl

Maryland

Masaryk, Thomas

Massachusetts

May Department Stores

Mayflower
(ship)

McCall, Charlie

McCormack, John W.

McGrath, J. Howard

McIntyre, Marvin

McKay, F. H.

McKeesport (Pennsylvania)

McKesson & Robbins

McLaurin, J. H.

McNair, Malcolm

Meier, D. F.

Mellon, Andrew

Mellon, Richard B.

Memphis

Merchants’ Minute Men

Methodist, The

Methodists

Metropolitan Paper-Bag Manufactory

Mexicans

Miami (Florida)

Michigan

milk; canned; restrictions on price of

Miller-Tydings Act (1937)

Milwaukee

Minneapolis

Minnesota

Minton, Sherman

Miscamble, Wilson D.

Mississippi

Missouri

Monsanto Chemical Company

Montana

Montclair (New Jersey)

Montessori, Maria

Montgomery Ward

Montreal

Morgan, Keith

Morison, H. Graham

Morris & Essex Railroad

Morton Salt

Muncie (Indiana)

Munro, David A.

Musica, Philip

Mussolini, Benito

Nakat Packing Company

Nation, The

National-American Wholesale Grocers’ Association

National Anti–Chain Store League

National Association of Chain Stores

National Association of Food Chains

National Association of Grocery Wholesalers

National Association of Manufacturers

National Association of Real Estate Boards

National Association of Retail Druggists; Bureau of Education on Fair Trade

National Association of Retail Grocers

National Association of Retail Meat Dealers

National Bank of Commerce

National Biscuit Company

National Broadcasting Company (NBC)

National Conference of Independent Businessmen

National Consumers Tax Commission

National Council of Farmer Cooperatives

National Distribution Conference (Washington, D.C., 1925)

National Drainage, Levee, and Irrigation Association

National Federation of Independent Businesses

National Food Products Corporation

National Grange

National Guard

National Horse Show

National Industrial Recovery Act (1933)

National Labor Relations Act (1935)

National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)

National League of Wholesale Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Distributors

National Recovery Administration (NRA); Business Advisory Committee; Consumer Advisory Board; Food and Grocery Code

National Tea Association

National Tea Company

National Union for Social Justice

Navy, U.S.

Nebraska

Neel, W. L.

Neighborhood Stores Inc.

Newark (New Jersey)

New Deal;
see also
Agricultural Adjustment Administration; National Recovery Administration

New Haven Railroad

New Jersey

New Orleans; Retail Merchants’ Bureau

Newport (Rhode Island)

New Republic, The

New York Central Railroad

New York City; A&P headquarters in,
see
Graybar Building; A&P stores in; advertising in; antitrust division office in; Board of Trade; chain grocery stores in; consumer activism in; Corn Exchange; Curb Exchange; food merchants in; food safety concerns in; and Gilman’s estate; Great American retail stores in; Hartford family residences in; Huntington Hartford’s gallery in; labor unions in; leather industry in; marketing in; mass transit in; Produce Exchange; social elites in; tea and coffee trade in; wholesalers in

New York Commercial Association

New York Herald

New York State

New York State Turkey Association

New York Teacher

New York Times

New York World

Nielsen, A. C.

Nixon, Richard M.

Noble, Edward J.

North Carolina

Oakland (California)

Oberlin (Ohio)

O’Daniel, W. Lee “Pappy”

Office of Strategic Services (OSS)

Ohio; Agricultural Experiment Station

Oklahoma

Oklahoma City

Olean (New York)

Omaha (Nebraska)

O’Neal, Edward

Orange (New Jersey)

Orange Chronicle

Orange Journal

Oregon

Orleck, Annelise

Oswego (New York)

Otis, Robert

packaged foods; nineteenth-century; produce; shipping of; technology for

Paducah (Kentucky)

Palestine (Texas)

Palm Beach (Florida)

Palmolive

Panic of 1907

Paris (Texas)

Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920)

Parr, C. W.

Patman, Merle

Patman, Wright; Arnold and; background of; capitalism embraced by; chain-store tax bill of; election to Congress of; McKesson and; special investigating committee on chain stores chaired by; veterans’ bonuses supported by;
see also
Robinson-Patman Act

Patterson, W. G.

Peacock, R. J., Canning Company

Pearl Harbor, Japanese attack on

Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania Railroad Company

Pento’s (Portsmouth)

Petersburg (Virginia)

Philadelphia

Phillips, Charles F.

Piggly Wiggly stores

Pignatelli, Prince Guido

Pittsburgh

Plaza coffee

Plaza Hotel (New York)

Polk, R. L.

Ponchatoula (Louisiana)

Populist movement

Port Chester (New York)

Portland (Oregon)

Portsmouth (New Hampshire)

Post Office, U.S.

Postum

Powell, Thomas Reed

President’s Birthday Ball (January 30, 1934)

price discrimination

Price Administration, U.S. Office of

Princeton University

Printers’ Ink

produce; distribution system for; farmers’ return on; food code regulations on; national buying operation for,
see
Atlantic Commission Company; perishability of; prepackaged; refrigeration of; in supermarkets; surplus, promotions to dispose of; wholesalers

Progressive Grocer, The

Prohibition

Providence (Rhode Island)

Pure Food and Drug Act (1906)

Purity Bakery

Quaker Maid

Quebec

Radio Digest

Ralphs Grocery Company

Ralston Purina

Rayburn, Sam

Reconstruction

Reconstruction Finance Corporation

refrigeration; lack of; of rail cars

Republican Party; antitrust prosecutions opposed by; in New Jersey local politics; in New York State; in presidential elections; veterans’ bonuses opposed by

Retail, Wholesale, and Department Store Union

Retail Clerks International Advocate

Retail Clerks International Protective Association

Richmond Pickling Company

Robinson, Joseph

Robinson-Patman Act (1936); A&P charged with violation of; calls for repeal of; introduction of; passage of

Rockford (Illinois)

Rockmoor Grocery (Miami)

Rode’s New York City Directory

Roosevelt, Eleanor

Roosevelt, Elliott

Roosevelt, Franklin Delano; and antitrust prosecutions; Byoir and; and chain-store tax bill; conservative Democrats’ challenges to; and consumer interests; and loan from John Hartford to Elliott Roosevelt; Miller-Tydings Act opposed by; opposition to chain stores of supporters of; reelection landslide of; Robinson-Patman Act signed by; Supreme Court–packing plan of; veterans’ bonus bill vetoed by

Roosevelt, G. Hall

Roosevelt, Theodore

Rotary Clubs

Rowell, George P.

Royal gelatin

Rund, George

Sackett, Ada Taylor

Sacramento (California)

Safeway Stores

St. Benedict’s College

St. Edward’s College

St. Louis

St. Paul (Minnesota)

salmon, canned

San Diego (California)

San Francisco

Santos (Brazil)

Sargent, Ignatius and Sarah

Saunders, Clarence

Schimmat, Charles

Schlink, Frederick John

Schulte, George

Schulte tobacco stores

Schumpeter, Joseph

Schwartzwald, Jacob

Scrymser, John

Seamans, Thomas

Sears, Roebuck & Company

Seattle

Second National Bank of Orange

Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)

Senate, U.S.; Agriculture Committee; Finance committee

Sharbrough, Ralph

Share Our Wealth campaign

Shaw, Arch

Sheppard, Morris

Sherman Antitrust Act (1890)

Shideler, Ernest Hugh

Shipping and Commercial List

Shreveport (Louisiana)

Shreveport Chamber of Commerce

Shreveport Mutual Building Association

Shriver, A. K.

Sickles, Merrill

Silver Key tea

Sirovich, William

Sittenfield, Milton M.

Skaggs family

Slichter, Sumner H.

Smith, H. Allen

Smith, Kate

Smull, Thomas

Social Register

Social Security

Society for the Prevention of Crime

Society of Mutual Benefits

South Carolina

South Dakota

Southern Wholesale Grocers’ Association

Spanish-American War

Sparkle gelatin

Speedie, Matthew

Sperry & Hutchinson (S&H)

spices

Springfield (Missouri)

Stalin, Joseph

Standard Brands

State Department, U.S.

State Board of Tax Commissioners v. Jackson
(1931)