a, or the duties required by the
Veda
, Uttara-M
![](/files/02/59/75/f025975/public/00013.jpg)
m
![](/files/02/59/75/f025975/public/00006.jpg)
![](/files/02/59/75/f025975/public/00028.jpg)
s
![](/files/02/59/75/f025975/public/00006.jpg)
explores the religious and philosophical speculations of the Upani
![](/files/02/59/75/f025975/public/00014.jpg)
ads. The
Ved
nta S
tra
then becomes the major text on which subsequent commentaries are made.
V
V
c
(Skt., from
vac
, ‘speech’). The Hindu goddess of speech, the manifestation of sound. From early Vedic times, reliance on the sacred oral teachings ‘heard’ by the
![](/files/02/59/75/f025975/public/00023.jpg)
is
, properly intoned and accented, thrust the folk-divinity V
![](/files/02/59/75/f025975/public/00006.jpg)
c into prominence. In the
Tantric
tradition she is also celebrated as Para-v
![](/files/02/59/75/f025975/public/00006.jpg)
c, Transcendental Speech, the mother of all sacred
mantras
.