The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions (2442 page)

r
as source. After the mantra of Chenrezi (
om ma
i padme hum
), the mantra of T
r
(
om t
re tutt
re ture sv
h
) is the most commonly heard on the lips of the Tibetan people.

 
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(Heb., ‘translation’). A translation of the Hebrew scriptures into
Aramaic
, conveying interpretation of the text. The best-known Targum is
Targum
Onkelos
which was regarded as authoritative.
Targum Jonathan
is the Targum to the prophetic books, and
Targum Yerushalmi
is a largely
midrashic
translation (or interpretation) of the
Hagiographa
.
Targum Pseudo-Jonathan
is a late targum on the whole Pentateuch (Genesis 15. 14 mentions the wives of
Mu
ammad
as the wives of
Ishmael
), but preserving the earlier interpretations. Several fragmentary targumim (pl.) have survived, together with an early form of the Palestinian targum tradition in Neofiti I. From all this it is clear that there was a relatively stable, though developing, targum tradition, which is unsurprising, given the connection between targumim and
synagogues
.

 
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