The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions (232 page)

r
dhya
:

see
LI
G
YAT
.

 
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‘Araf
(t)
.

Muslim place of
pilgrimage
, a plain about 19 km. from
Mecca
. According to tradition, after
Adam
and
Eve
were expelled from
paradise
, they separated, but met again at this place, and recognized (Arab.,
‘arifa
, ‘know’) each other. Pilgrims on the
ajj
assemble here toward the end of the obligatory duties for at least a short time. The massive assembly is said to resemble, in anticipation, the Day of Judgement.

 
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Ar(a)ha(n)t
(in Buddhism, one worthy of reverence, having reached the stage before nirvana)
:

see
ARHAT
.

 
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(1657–1725).
Confucian statesman and scholar during Japan's Tokugawa (1600–1868) period. He exerted considerable influence on government policy and administration, and in his later years he devoted himself to scholarship, especially in the fields of ancient Japanese history, Shint
theology, and historical linguistics.