Kyoge-betsuden
(transmission outside formal teaching):
Kyogen Chikan
(Japanese name):
Ky
ha Shint
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(Jap., ‘sectarian
Shinto
’). A group of independent Shinto sects which began their activities in the late Tokugawa and early Meiji periods. When the government created State Shinto (
kokka shint
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), which embraced most of the Shinto shrines, it did not wish to incorporate these new groups but created the special category of Ky
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ha Shint
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so that it could regard them as private religious organizations. These thirteen sects originated in close relation to peasant movements, devotional associations, magico-religious practices, and ideas about changing the world through religious practices. The thirteen traditional Shinto sects can be classified in several different groupings: pure Shinto sects (Shint
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Taiky
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, Shinriky
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, and Izumo
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yashiroky
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), Confucianistic Shinto sects (Shint
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Sh
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seiha and Shint
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Taiseiky
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), purification sects (Shinsh
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ky
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