The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions (1254 page)

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Authors: John Bowker

BOOK: The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions
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(light) and
vimar
a
(awareness). Acting from absolute freedom (
sv
tantrya
) equated with
akti,
iva manifests the cosmos as
akti in the form of the thirty-six pure and impure
tattvas
.
There are four ways to liberation (
mukti
) or recognition (
pratyabhijñ
) of
parama
iva:
(i) 
a
u
up
ya, direct liberation through grace or the descent of
akti (
aktip
ta);
(ii) 
mbhava up
ya, the absorption of the self in divine consciousness by the upsurge of pre-cognitive emotion which shatters thought construction;
(iii) 
kta
up
ya, realization through the development of pure thought, such as ‘I am
iva’; and
(iv) 
ava up

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