The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions (1144 page)

BOOK: The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions
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J
p
(Pañj
b
, ‘repetition’). Hymn by Gur
Gobind Si
gh
. The J
p is the introductory invocation to the
Dasam Granth
and is included in
Nitnem
for daily repetition.
Japa
(Skt., ‘whispering’, ‘repetition’). The main constituent of
mantra
yoga involving the repetition of a
b
ja
mantra, mantra, or series of mantras given by a
guru
at initiation (
d
k
a
). Often a
m
l
(rosary) of
udr
k
a berries, or of various seeds, shells, or stones, is used to count the repetitions. The practice of japa leads to enlightenment, and to superhuman powers (
iddhis
).

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