The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions (1035 page)

(
c.
1140–1200).
Bishop of Lincoln. Henry II of England, impressed by his talents, persuaded him to become prior of the first English Carthusian house at Witham, Somerset, in 1175. In 1186, at the king's insistence, Hugh became bishop of Lincoln. As bishop he was very able and much loved. His shrine at Lincoln was among the most popular in medieval England.

 
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(
c.
1096–1142).
Medieval theologian, of whom little is known. About 1115 he entered St-Victor, a house of
Augustinian
canons in Paris. Together with other later members of the Abbey, notably Richard of St-Victor and Thomas Gallus, he represents the distinctive and influential ‘Victorine’ school of theology, which is marked by the influence of
Dionysius
the Areopagite (on whose
Celestial Hierarchy
Hugh wrote a commentary), and sees the whole created order as a set of symbols manifesting the glory of God and drawing people to contemplation.

 
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Huguenots
.

(poss. from the name Hugues, or Swiss Eidgnosse, ‘confederate’). French Calvinists. As
Calvinism
spread rapidly in France during the 1540s, so persecution increased, especially under Henry II (1547–59). On his death, a more confused political situation ensued, leading to civil war. Militant Catholics (above all the family of the Guises) refused compromise: the massacre of St Bartholomew's Day (1572) was made the more repugnant by the fact that Protestant leaders had been invited to Paris to celebrate the marriage of a Huguenot leader, Henry of Navarre, to a Catholic, Margaret, sister of Charles IX. The reconciliation which that event might have introduced was nevertheless brought near by the accession of Henry, who turned Catholic to gain the throne (hence the saying of himself or perhaps of his minister Sully, ‘Paris vaut bien une messe’, ‘Paris is well worth a mass’). He ended the civil war, and by the Edict of Nantes, in 1598, he extended toleration to the Huguenots. In 1685, the Edict of Nantes was revoked. The ensuing Camisard revolt persisted for twenty years, but again was suppressed with great violence. The differing groups were largely united in 1938 in the Reformed Church of France.

 
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Hui
(brotherhoods)
:

see
SECRET SOCIETIES
.

 
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Hui-ch'ang persecution
.

Suppression of Buddhism in Korea by Emperor Wu-tsung of the T'ang dynasty during 842–5 in the Hui-ch'ang era (841–6).

 
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Hui-k'o
(Jap., Eka
;

487–593).
Second patriarch (after
Bodhidharma
) of Ch'an/Zen in China. He was driven to S. China by other Buddhist monks, and may perhaps have been assassinated by them. In addition to menpeki (wall-gazing), much emphasis was placed on the
La
k
vat
ra-s
tra
.