The Arch Conjuror of England (57 page)

12.
BLO MS Ashmole 488, January–March 1587.

13.
Casaubon,
True Relation
, second pagination, pp. 1–3.

14.
Ibid., second pagination, pp. 3–8.

15.
Ibid., second pagination, pp. 8–12.

16.
Ibid., second pagination, pp. 12–13, 24; cf. BL MS Cotton Appendix XLVI, fo. 100r.

17.
Casaubon,
True Relation
, second pagination, pp. 16–21; BLO MS Ashmole 488, 1 May 1587.

18.
Casaubon,
True Relation
, second pagination, pp. 22–3.

19.
Ibid., second pagination, pp. 26–7.

20.
Ibid., second pagination, pp. 28–31.

21.
BLO MS Ashmole 488, 25 July 1587, 5 March 1588, 26 May and 4 July 1588.

22.
Ibid., 5 July, 14 July, 13 October 1587.

23.
Ibid., 9 July, 31 August 1587.

24.
Ibid., 20 August, 1 September 1587, 27 August 1588.

25.
Ibid., 12 December, mentioning Denis Zacaire's ‘Little Book on the Philosopher's Stone’, R&W, M50, Philip Rouillaschus's alchemical work published in Geneva, 1582 (R&W, 1519); neither found.

26.
Ibid., 8, 12 November 1587, 28 February 1588.

27.
BL MS Harley 6986, fo. 45r.

28.
BLO MS Ashmole 488, 21 November, 18 December 1587.

29.
Printed as George Ripley,
The Bosome-Book of Sir George Ripley
(London, 1683).

30.
BLO MS Ashmole 488, 10 April 1588, 15 September 1588.

31.
Ibid., 23 November 1587; BL MS Harley 6986, fo. 45r, Dee to Elizabeth from Trebon, 1/10 November 1588; CR, p. 512.

32.
BLO MS Ashmole 488, 10 May, 24 August, 12–13 September, 7 December 1588.

33.
Ibid., 18 December 1588.

34.
Ibid., 4, 18 December 1588,
MP
, sig. Biv.

35.
BLO MS Ashmole 488, 20 January 1589.

36.
Ibid., 23 December 1588, and 4, 16 February 1589.

37.
CR, pp. 535–6.

38.
BLO MS Ashmole 488, 8/18 July 1589.

39.
Ibid., 26 July/5 August; BL MS Lansdowne 61, fo. 159r–v, Dee to Walsingham, Bremen, 22 August 1589.

40.
TNA SP 15/31/35.

41.
BLO MS Ashmole 488, 6/16 September, 23–29 September, 4/14 October.

42.
BLO MS Ashmole 488, 3/13 November, 17/27 November.

Chapter 18: The Counter-Revolution Against Magic

1.
Hatfield House MS CP 29/35; BLO MS Ashmole 488, 23 November, 9, 10, 15 December; CR, pp. 512–13, 534, 540.

2.
BL MS Lansdowne 64, fo. 101r; BLO MS Ashmole 487, 6 April 1590.

3.
Collinson,
Grindal
, pp. 258–64.

4.
Collinson,
Elizabethan Puritan Movement
, pp. 193–4, 201–2.

5.
Works of John Whitgift
, ed. J. Ayre, Parker Society, 3 vols. (Cambridge, 1851–3), iii, p. 274.

6.
J. Guy, ‘The 1590s: The Second Reign of Elizabeth I?’, in Guy, ed.,
The Reign of Elizabeth I: Court and Culture in the Last Decade
(Cambridge, 1995), pp. 1–19, at p. 11, and Guy, ‘The Establishment and the Ecclesiastical Polity’ in
idem
, pp. 126–49, esp. pp. 131–4.

7.
Reginald Scot,
The Discoverie of Witchcraft
(London, 1584), sigs. A2v, B5r.

8.
Ibid., sig. B1r.

9.
Scot,
Discoverie
, pp. 156–60, 500–1, 177, 183, 199, 261, 422, 290.

10.
Ibid., pp. 394–430, esp. pp. 395, 353, 467–9.

11.
For example, BL MS Harley 2302, fos. 57r–105v.

12.
J. Harvey,
A Discoursive Probleme concerning Prophesies
(1588), pp. 100, 102.

13.
Collinson,
Elizabethan Puritan Movement
, pp. 201–5.

14.
Diary
, ed. Halliwell, pp. 33–4; T. Nashe,
Works
, ed. R.B. McKerrow, 5 vols. (Oxford, 1966), iii, pp. 82–3.

15.
R. Harvey,
A Theological Discourse of the Lamb of God and his Enemies
(London, John Windet for William Ponsonby, 1590), sigs. N4v, Z4v.

16.
Guy, ‘The 1590s’, pp. 1–2.

17.
Collinson,
Elizabethan Puritan Movement
, pp. 196–7, 388, quoting T. Digges,
Humble Motives for association to retain religion established
(1601).

18.
R. Bancroft,
A Sermon Preached at Paules Crosse the 9 of Februarie, being the first Sunday in the Parleament, Anno 1588
[i.e. 1589]
by Richard Bancroft … Chaplaine to the right Honorable Sir Christopher Hatton
(London, Gregorie Seton, 1588), sigs. B2r, B3r–v, B4v;
Diary
, ed. Halliwell, p. 49, Dee's ‘heavenly admonition’ to Elizabeth, 3 May 1594.

19.
Collinson,
Elizabethan Puritan Movement
, pp. 391–6, 403–4; D.J. McGinn,
John Penry and the Marprelate Controversy
(New Brunswick, NJ, 1966), Leland H. Carlson,
Martin Marprelate, Gentleman: Master Job Throkmorton Laid Open in his Colors
(San Marino, 1981); P. Collinson, ‘Ecclesiastical Vitriol: Religious Satire in the 1590s and the Invention of Puritanism’, in Guy, ed.,
The Reign of Elizabeth
, pp. 150–70, at pp. 156–9.

20.
T. Nashe,
An Almond for a parrat, or Cutbert Curry-knaves Almes. Fit for the knave Martin, and the rest of those impudent Beggers
(London, 1589?), STC 534, sigs. A2v–A3r, F3v, and see below, p. 241.

21.
R. Warwick Bond, ed.,
The Complete Works of John Lyly
, 3 vols. (Oxford, 1902), ii, pp. 420–4; Collinson, ‘Ecclesiastical Vitriol’, pp. 165–70; BL MS Sloane 313, Honorius of Thebes, ‘Liber Huratus’, R&W, DM 70.

22.
BLO MS Ashmole 1487, fo. 217v; David Wootton, ed.,
Christopher Marlowe, Doctor Faustus with the English Faust Book
(Indianapolis and Cambridge, 2005), pp. xi, xxiv–xxvii.

23.
J. Dee,
A Letter Apologeticall
, sig. B3r.

24.
Collinson,
The Religion of Protestants
, p. 9, n. 30, Whitgift's complaint 28 July 1586, and pp. 44–5, 60–1; CR, p. 509.

25.
CPR Elizabeth, viii, 1578–80
, p. 156.

26.
BLO MS Ashmole 487, 14 March, 19 April 1590.

27.
BLO MS Ashmole 1788, fos. 159–60; BL MS Lansdowne 103, fo. 211.

28.
BLO MS Ashmole 487, 8, 20, 21 May 1590.

29.
Ibid., 29, 30 May, 6 June 1590.

30.
Ibid., 13, 15, 16 July 1590.

31.
Ibid., 29 April, 22 July 1590; Casaubon,
True Relation
, p. 242.

32.
BLO MS Ashmole 487, 22 July–29 August 1590; S. Harsnett,
A Declaration of Egregious Popish Impostures … under the pretence of casting out devils
(London, James Roberts, 1603), sigs. Kk1v, Aa3r, Gg4v–Hh1r, C3r, Aa3v.

33.
Dee,
A Letter Apologeticall
, sig. B3r.

34.
Essex Record Office, D/B 3/1/8, Town Book of Maldon; BL MS Lansdowne 19, fos. 81r–82r, Lansdowne 16, fo. 17; BLO MS Ashmole 487, 8–9 June 1591;
APC
, x, pp. 148, 157; TNA SP 12/186/91, 92, 93.

35.
BL MS Lansdowne 103, fos. 210r–211r.

36.
BLO MS Ashmole 487, 31 July 1590.

37.
TNA SP 81/6, fos. 56–7; SP 82/3, fo. 134, Dyer to Burghley, 31 October 1590.

38.
TNA SP 81/6, fo. 76r–v.

39.
The Works of Francis Bacon
, ed. James Spedding, 8 vols. (London, 1861), vii, p. 162.

40.
BLO MS Ashmole 487, 31 July, 27 November, 1, 2, 4, 16 December 1590; CR, pp. 512–13.

41.
HEHL MS EL 6206B, fo. 45r–v; TNA C 66/973, 1304, C 54/1763; George Ripley,
The Compound of Alchemy … the right and perfect meanes to make the Philosophers Stone, Aurum potabile
(London, 1591), sigs. A2r–*3v.

42.
BLO MS Ashmole 487, 21–24 January 1591.

43.
BL MS Cotton Titus B. II, fos. 227–8, Burghley to Kelley before 20 May 1591.

44.
BL MS Lansdowne 66, fo. 164r; Lansdowne 103, fo. 208r.

45.
BL MS Cotton Titus B. II, fos. 227–8.

46.
BL MS Lansdowne 68, fos. 192r–195r.

47.
BL MS Lansdowne 103, fo. 192r–v.

48.
BLO MS Ashmole 487, 25, 27 May 1591.

Chapter 19: Conjuring up a Spanish Conquest

1.
I James I, c. xii.

2.
John Dee,
To the Kings most excellent Maiestie
(London, 1604), STC (2nd ed.) 6466.

3.
James M. Sutton,
Materializing Space at an Early Modern Prodigy House: The Cecils at Theobalds, 1564–1607
(Aldershot and Burlington, VT, 2004), ch.3.

4.
BLO MS Ashmole 487, 31 July, 3 August; BLO MS Ashmole 488, 31 July, 2 August 1591.

5.
Works of Francis Bacon
, ed. Spedding, vii, p. 162.

6.
A. Walsham, ‘“Frantic Hacket”: Prophecy, Sorcery, Insanity, and the Elizabethan Puritan Movement’,
The Historical Journal
, 41, 1 (1998), pp. 27–66; Camden,
Annals
, pp. 401–4.

7.
R. Cosin,
Conspiracie for Pretended Reformation; viz. Presbyteriall Discipline. … by William Hacket yeoman, Edmund Coppinger, and Henry Arthington Gent
. (London, 1592), sigs. b2r–v, C2v.

8.
Ibid., sigs. C2v, C3v, E2v. See below, p. 242.

9.
Cosin,
Conspiracie for Pretended reformation
, sigs. F3v, F4r, E2v–E3v.

10.
Ibid., sigs. E4v–F1r.

11.
Ibid., sigs. G4v–H1r.

12.
Ibid., sig. H4r–v, sig. K3r.

13.
Ibid., sigs. M4v, O1r, M4v, O3v, N3r–v, K4v, and CR, pp. 521–2.

14.
A declaration of great troubles pretended against the realme by a number of seminarie priests and Jesuits
(London, Christopher Barker, 18 October 1591), STC 7758.3, in Hughes and Larkin,
Tudor Royal Proclamations
, iii, pp. 86–95.

15.
Ibid., p. 87.

16.
Ibid., pp. 88–9.

17.
Ibid., pp. 91–2.

18.
Ibid., pp. 92–5, no. 739; M.M.C. Calthrop,
Recusant Roll No. 1, 1592–3. Exchequer Lord Treasurer's Remembrancer Pipe Office Series
(Catholic Record Society, London, 1916), p. xx.

19.
Robert Southwell(?) to Richard Verstegan, London (?), early December 1591, in Anthony G. Petti, ed.,
The Letters and Despatches of Richard Verstegan (c.1550–1640)
(Catholic Record Society, London, 1959), pp. 15, 8–9, 39.

20.
APC
, xxii, 1591–2, pp. 15, 39–42, 92; cf. Richard Verstegan to Robert Parsons from Antwerp, 5 March 1592, in Petti, ed.,
Letters of Richard Verstegan
, pp. 39–40; TNA SP 12/240/109;
The life and Death of Edmund Genninge
(1594).

21.
Richard Verstegan to Robert Parsons from Antwerp, 5 March 1592, in Petti, ed.,
Letters of Richard Verstegan
, pp. 39–40; Richard Verstegan to Roger Baynes, Antwerp, 27 June 1592, in ibid., p. 50.

22.
Ibid., pp. 52–8.

23.
Woking, Surrey History Centre, Loseley MS 1856, p. 3, quoted in Michael Questier, ‘Loyal to a Fault: Viscount Montague Explains Himself’,
Historical Research
, 77, no. 196 (May 2004), pp. 225–53, at p. 252.

24.
TNA SP 12/4/fo. 135r; Alford,
Early Elizabethan Polity
, pp. 54–5; TNA SP 70/39, fo. 106v, cited in Alford,
Early Elizabethan Polity
, pp. 94–5.

25.
Richard Rowlands alias Verstegan,
An Advertisement written to a secretarie of my L. Treasurers of Ingland
(August 1592), sig. A5v, C1r–v, D8r; Parsons,
A Briefe Apologie
, sigs. D3v–D6r;
[Robert Parsons]
A Relation of the King of Spaines receiving in Valliodolid
(STC, 19836a), sigs. A3v, A6r, B5r.

26.
Hughes and Larkin,
Tudor Proclamations
, iii, p. 89.

27.
Parsons,
Apologie
, sig. F3v.

28.
TNA SP 12/238/160, 21 May 1591; SP 12/238/179.

29.
TNA SP 12/238/162, 163. Parsons,
Apologie
, sigs. A5r–C8r.

30.
TNA SP 12/238/178, 179, 25 May 1591, and 180, 26 May 1591.

31.
TNA SP 12/238/165, 166, 167, 168; SP 12/239/46; SP 12/238/180; SP 12/239/2; SP 12/239/26; SP 12/240/86.

32.
BL MS Harley 703, fo. 61v, Privy Council to Lords Lieutenant of Sussex, 31 August 1590.

33.
APC
, xxii, pp. 6–11; Hughes and Larkin,
Tudor Royal Proclamations
, iii, pp. 83–6, 16 September 1591.

34.
Paul C. Allen,
Philip III and the Pax Hispanica, 1598–1621: The Failure of Grand Strategy
(New Haven and London, 2000), pp. viii–ix.

35.
P. Renold, ed.,
Letters of William Allen and Richard Barrett 1572–1598
(Catholic Record Society, London, 1967), pp. 209–16.

36.
Allen to Parsons, 26 October 1591, quoted in Parsons,
Apologie
, sigs. F2v–F3v, also in P. Ryan, ed., ‘Correspondence of Cardinal Allen’,
Catholic Record Society, Miscellanea VII
(Catholic Record Society, London, 1911), pp. 42–3; and
Letters of Allen
, ed. Renold, p. 211; Parsons,
Apologie
, sigs. A5r–B6v.

37.
Paul E.J. Hammer,
The Polarisation of Elizabethan Politics: The Political Career of Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, 1585–1597
(Cambridge, 1999), pp. 100–5.

38.
Hughes and Larkin,
Tudor Royal Proclamations
, iii, p. 86; STC 8207, 8208; TNA SP 12/240/53, 31 October 1591.

39.
Calendar of State Papers Domestic, Elizabeth, 1591–4
, pp. 136–7; Verstegan,
Advertisement
, sigs. A7v, D6v; Robert Parsons,
Elizabethae Reginae Angliae Edictum Promulgatum Londini 29 Novemb. Anni M.D.XCI Andreae Philopatri ad Idem Edictum Responsio
(Antwerp, 1592), p. 20;
Letters of Allen
, ed. Renold, p. 230, citing TNA SP 85/1/fo. 132.